Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/9036
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dc.contributor.authorallNicoletti, A.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallBruno, E.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallNania, M.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallCicero, E.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallMessina, S.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallChisari, C.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallTorrisi, J.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallMaimone, D.; Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallMarziolo, R.; Neurology Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallLo Fermo, S.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallPatti, F.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.authorallGiammanco, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italiaen
dc.contributor.authorallZappia, M.; Department G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-24T13:49:48Zen
dc.date.available2014-06-24T13:49:48Zen
dc.date.issued2013-12-11en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2122/9036en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Trace elements have been hypothesised to be involved in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and volcanic degassing is the major natural sources of trace elements. Both incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in Catania and volcanic activity of Mount Etna have been significantly increased during the last 30 years. Due to prevailing trade winds direction, volcanic gases from Etna summit craters are mostly blown towards the eastern and southern sectors of the volcano. Objective: To evaluate the possible association between Multiple Sclerosis and exposure to volcanogenic trace elements. Methods: We evaluated prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis in four communities (47,234 inhabitants) located in the eastern flank and in two communities (52,210 inhabitants) located in the western flank of Mount Etna, respectively the most and least exposed area to crater gas emissions. Results: A higher prevalence was found in the population of the eastern flank compared to the population of the western one (137.6/100,000 versus 94.3/100,000; p-value 0.04). We found a borderline significantly higher incidence risk during the incidence study period (1980–2009) in the population of the eastern flank 4.6/100,000 (95% CI 3.1–5.9), compared with the western population 3.2/100,000 (95% CI 2.4–4.2) with a RR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.97–2.05; p-value 0.06). Incidence risks have increased over the time in both populations reaching a peak of 6.4/100,000 in the eastern flank and of 4.4/100.000 in the western flank during 2000–2009. Conclusion: We found a higher prevalence and incidence of Multiple Sclerosis among populations living in the eastern flank of Mount Etna. According to our data a possible role of TE cannot be ruled out as possible co-factor in the MS pathogenesis. However larger epidemiological study are needed to confirm this hypothesis.en
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.publisher.namePublic Library of Scienceen
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS oneen
dc.relation.ispartofseries12/8(2013)en
dc.subjectMt. Etna volcanoen
dc.subjectMultiple Sclerosisen
dc.subjecttrace elementsen
dc.subjectvolcanic activityen
dc.titleMultiple Sclerosis in the Mount Etna Region: Possible Role of Volcanogenic Trace Elementsen
dc.typearticleen
dc.description.statusPublisheden
dc.type.QualityControlPeer-revieweden
dc.description.pagenumbere74259en
dc.identifier.URLhttp://www.plosone.org/article/related/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0074259en
dc.subject.INGV05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risken
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0074259en
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dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorioen
dc.description.journalTypeJCR Journalen
dc.description.fulltextopenen
dc.relation.issn1932-6203en
dc.relation.eissn1932-6203en
dc.contributor.authorNicoletti, A.en
dc.contributor.authorBruno, E.en
dc.contributor.authorNania, M.en
dc.contributor.authorCicero, E.en
dc.contributor.authorMessina, S.en
dc.contributor.authorChisari, C.en
dc.contributor.authorTorrisi, J.en
dc.contributor.authorMaimone, D.en
dc.contributor.authorMarziolo, R.en
dc.contributor.authorLo Fermo, S.en
dc.contributor.authorPatti, F.en
dc.contributor.authorGiammanco, S.en
dc.contributor.authorZappia, M.en
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentNeurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentNeurology Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
dc.contributor.departmentIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione OE, Catania, Italiaen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italyen
item.openairetypearticle-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.grantfulltextopen-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.fulltextWith Fulltext-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptNeurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptNeurology Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.deptIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione OE, Catania, Italia-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment G.F. Ingrassia Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-2588-1441-
crisitem.author.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
crisitem.classification.parent05. General-
crisitem.department.parentorgIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-
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