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Interaction between magma intrusion and flank dynamics at Mt. Etna in 2008, imaged by integrated dense GPS and DInSAR data
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/14 (2013)
Electronic ISSN
1525-2027
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
Pages (printed)
2818-2835
Issued date
August 2013
Abstract
Global positioning system (GPS) and differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) data, collected from July 2007 to July 2008 on Mt. Etna, are analyzed to define the dynamics preceding and accompanying the onset of the eruption on 13 May 2008. Short- and long-term comparisons have been made on both GPS and radar data, covering similar time windows. Thanks to the availability of three GPS surveys the year before the eruption onset, an increase in the seaward movement of the NE flank of the volcano has been detected in the few months before the dike intrusion. The GPS ground deformation pattern also shows a slight inflation centered on the western side of the volcano in the preeruptive long-term comparison (from July 2007 to May 2008). The GPS has been integrated with DInSAR data by the SISTEM approach, to take advantage of the different methodologies and provide high spatial sampling of the 3-D ground displacement pattern. We inverted the SISTEM results to model the pressure source causing the observed preeruptive inflation. The subsequent emplacement of the eruptive dike was imaged by two GPS surveys carried out on a dense network over the uppermost part of the volcano on 6 and 13 May, i.e., a few days before and a few hours after the beginning of the eruption. We inverted this comparison to define the position, geometry, and kinematics of the dike. The dike intrusion was also imaged by DInSAR data with temporal baselines of 2-3 months, which confirm strong displacements localized on the summit area, rapidly decreasing toward the middle flanks of the volcano, as detected by very short-term GPS data; furthermore, the comparison between DInSAR and GPS data highlighted the presence of a depressurizing source localized beneath the upper southwestern area, acting just after the dike intrusion. Finally, the long-period (1 year) GPS and DInSAR data were integrated by SISTEM to finely depict the 3-D ground deformation pattern with the highest spatial resolution. The long-period data allowed the complex kinematics of the volcano to be finely imaged and highlighting the interaction between flank dynamics and magma injection.
References
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Acocella, V., and M. Neri (2009), Dike propagation in volcanic edifices: Overview and possible developments, Tectonophysics, 471, 67–77, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.10.002
Aloisi, M, A, Bonaccorso, F, Cannavò, S, Gambino, M, Mattia, G, Puglisi, and E. Boschi (2009), A new dike intrusion style for the Mount Etna May 2008 eruption modelled through continuous tilt and GPS data, Terra Nova. 21(4), 316–321, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2009.00889.x
Aloisi, M,, M. Mattia, C. Ferlito, M. Palano, V. Bruno, and F. Cannavò (2011), Imaging the multi-level magma reservoir at Mt. Etna volcano (Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16306, doi:10.1029/2011GL048488
Andronico, D., Cristaldi, A., Scollo, S. (2008), The 4–5 September 2007 lava fountain at South-East Crater of Mt Etna, Italy. J, Volcanol, Geotherm, Res, 173, 325–328, doi :10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.02.004
Andronico, D., S. Branca, S. Calvari, M. Burton, T. Caltabiano, R. A. Corsaro, P. Del Carlo, G. Garfi, L. Lodato, L. Miraglia, F. Mure, M. Neri, E. Pecora, M. Pompilio, G. Salerno, and L. Spampinato (2005), A multi-disciplinary study of the 2002–03 Etna eruption: Insights into a complex plumbing system, Bull. Volcanol., 67, 314–330, doi:10.1007/s00445-004-0372-8.
Barreca, G., A. Bonforte, and M. Neri (2013), A pilot GIS database of active faults of Mt. Etna (Sicily): A tool for integrated hazard evaluation, J, Volcanol, Geotherm, Res,, 251, 170-186, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.08.013.
Behncke, B., and M. Neri (2003), Cycles and trends in the recent eruptive behaviour of Mount Etna (Italy), Can. J. Earth Sci., 40, 1405–1411, doi:10.1139/e03-052.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Bonforte, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2006), Composite ground deformation pattern forerunning the 2004–2005 Mount Etna eruption, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B12207, doi:10.1029/2005JB004206.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Bonforte, S. Calvari, C. Del Negro, G. Di Grazia, G. Ganci, M. Neri, A. Vicari, and E. Boschi, (2011a), The initial phases of the 2008–2009 Mount Etna eruption: A multidisciplinary approach for hazard assessment, J. Geophys. Res., 116, B03203, doi:10.1029/2010JB007906.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Cannata, R. A. Corsaro, G. Di Grazia, S. Gambino, F. Greco, L. Miraglia, and A. Pistorio (2011b), Multidisciplinary investigation on a lava fountain preceding a flank eruption: The 10 May 2008 Etna case, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q07009, doi:10.1029/2010GC003480
Bonforte, A., F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2004), A syn-eruptive ground deformation episode measured by GPS, during the 2001 eruption on the upper southern flank of Mt Etna, Bull. Volcanol., 66(4), 366-341.
Bonforte, A., D. Carbone, F. Greco, and M. Palano (2007a), Intrusive mechanism of the 2002 NE-rift eruption at Mt Etna (Italy) modelled using GPS and gravity data, Geophys. Jour. Int., 169. 339–347. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03249.x,
Bonforte, A., S. Gambino, F. Guglielmino, F. Obrizzo, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2007b), Ground deformation modeling of flank dynamics prior to the 2002 eruption of Mt. Etna, Bull. Volcanol., 69, 757–768, doi:10.1007/s00445-006-0106-1.
Bonforte, A., A. Bonaccorso, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2008), Feeding system and magma storage beneath Mt. Etna as revealed by recent inflation/deflation cycles, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B05406, doi:10.1029/2007JB005334.
Bonforte, A., S. Gambino, and M. Neri (2009), Intrusion of eccentric dikes: The case of the 2001 eruption and its role in the dynamics of Mt. Etna volcano, Tectonophys., 471, 78–86, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.028
Bonforte, A., F. Guglielmino, M. Coltelli, A. Ferretti, and G. Puglisi (2011), Structural assessment of Mount Etna volcano from Permanent Scatterers analysis, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q02002, doi:10.1029/2010GC003213.
Bonforte, A., and G. Puglisi (2006), Dynamics of the eastern flank of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy) investigated by a dense GPS network, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 153, 357–369, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.12.005.
Borgia, A., Ferrari, L., Pasquare`, G.,(1992), Importance of gravitational spreading in the tectonic and volcanic evolution of Mount Etna, Nature, 357 (1992), pp. 231–235
Branca, S., and P. Del Carlo (2004), Eruptions of Mt Etna during the past 3,200 years: A revised compilation integrating the historical and stratigraphic records, in Etna: Volcano Laboratory, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 143, edited by A. Bonaccorso et al., pp. 1–27, AGU, Washington, D. C.
Guglielmino, F., G. Nunnari, G. Puglisi, and A. Spata (2011a), Simultaneous and Integrated Strain Tensor Estimation From Geodetic and Satellite Deformation Measurements to Obtain Three-Dimensional Displacement Maps, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 49, 1815-1826, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2103078.
Guglielmino, F, C, Bignami, A, Bonforte, P, Briole, F, Obrizzo, G, Puglisi, S, Stramondo, and U. Wegmuller (2011b), Analysis of satellite and in situ ground deformation data integrated by the SISTEM approach: The April 3, 2010 earthquake along the Pernicana fault (Mt. Etna - Italy) case study, Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 312 (3-4), 327-336, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.028.
Massonnet, D., and K. Feigl (1998), Radar interferometry and its application to changes in the Earth's surface, Rev. of Geophys., 36 (4), 441-500.
Monaco, C., Tapponnier, P., Tortorici, L., Gillot, P.Y. (1997), Late Quaternary slip rates on the Acireale-Piedimonte normal faults and tectonic origin of Mt. Etna ( Sicily) ,Earth and Planetary Science Letters 147 ,125, 139
Neri, M., Acocella, V., Behncke, B., (2004) , The role of the Pernicana Fault System in the spreading of Mt. Etna (Italy) during the 2002-2003 eruption, Bull. Volcanol., 66, 417-430 , doi: 10.1007/s00445-003-0322-x
Neri, M., and V. Acocella (2006), The 2004–05 Etna eruption: Implications for flank deformation and structural behaviour of the volcano, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 158, 195–206, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.04.022.
Neri, M., B, Behncke, M. Burton, S. Giammanco, E. Pecora, E. Privitera, and D. Reitano (2006), Continuous soil radon monitoring during the July 2006 Etna eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L24316, doi:10.1029/2006GL028394.
Neri, M., Guglielmino, F., Rust, D.(2007), Flank instability on Mount Etna: Radon, radar interferometry, and geodetic data from the southwestern boundary of the unstable sector, J. Geophys. Res., 112, p. B04410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JB0047
Nunnari, G., G. Puglisi, and F. Guglielmino (2005), Inversion of SAR data in active volcanic areas by optimization techniques, Nonlin. Proc. Geophys., 12, 863–870.
Okada, Y. (1992), Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol Soc. America, 82 (2), 1018-1040.
Palano, M., M. Aloisi, M. Amore, A. Bonforte, F. Calvagna, M. Cantarero, O. Consoli, S. Consoli, F. Guglielmino, M. Mattia, B. Puglisi and G. Puglisi (2006), Kinematic and strain analyses of the eastern segment of the Pernicana fault (Mt. Etna, Italy) derived from geodetic techniques (1997–2005), Ann, Geophys., 49 (4-5), 1105-1117.
Puglisi, G., A. Bonforte, and S. R. Maugeri (2001), Ground deformation patterns on Mount Etna, 1992 to 1994, inferred from GPS data, Bull. Volcanol., 62, 371-384, doi: 10.1007/s004450000112.
Puglisi, G, and A. Bonforte (2004), Dynamics of Mount Etna Volcano inferred from static and kinematic GPS measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B11404, doi:10.1029/2003JB002878.
Puglisi, G, A. Bonforte, A. Ferretti, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and C. Prati (2008), Dynamics of Mount Etna before, during, and after the July–August 2001 eruption inferred from GPS and differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B06405, doi:10.1029/2006JB004811.
Rosen, P. A., S. Henley, G. Peltzer, and M. Simons (2004), Updated Repeat Orbit Interferometry Package Released, Eos Trans. AGU, 85 (5), 47.
Ruch, J., V. Acocella, F. Storti, M. Neri, S. Pepe, G. Solaro, and E. Sansosti (2010), Detachment depth revealed by rollover deformation: An inte-grated approach at Mount Etna, Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L16304,doi:10.1029/2010GL044131.
Solaro, G., V. Acocella, S. Pepe, J. Ruch, M. Neri, and E. Sansosti (2010), Anatomy of an unstable volcano from InSAR: Multiple processes affecting flank instability at Mt. Etna, 1994–2008, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10405, doi:10.1029/2009JB000820.
Tibaldi, A, Groppelli, G,(2002), Volcano-tectonic activity along structures of the unstable NE flank of Mt. Etna (Italy) and their possible origin, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 115 , 3-4, 277-302, doi: 10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00305-5
Acocella, V., and M. Neri (2009), Dike propagation in volcanic edifices: Overview and possible developments, Tectonophysics, 471, 67–77, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.10.002
Aloisi, M, A, Bonaccorso, F, Cannavò, S, Gambino, M, Mattia, G, Puglisi, and E. Boschi (2009), A new dike intrusion style for the Mount Etna May 2008 eruption modelled through continuous tilt and GPS data, Terra Nova. 21(4), 316–321, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2009.00889.x
Aloisi, M,, M. Mattia, C. Ferlito, M. Palano, V. Bruno, and F. Cannavò (2011), Imaging the multi-level magma reservoir at Mt. Etna volcano (Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16306, doi:10.1029/2011GL048488
Andronico, D., Cristaldi, A., Scollo, S. (2008), The 4–5 September 2007 lava fountain at South-East Crater of Mt Etna, Italy. J, Volcanol, Geotherm, Res, 173, 325–328, doi :10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.02.004
Andronico, D., S. Branca, S. Calvari, M. Burton, T. Caltabiano, R. A. Corsaro, P. Del Carlo, G. Garfi, L. Lodato, L. Miraglia, F. Mure, M. Neri, E. Pecora, M. Pompilio, G. Salerno, and L. Spampinato (2005), A multi-disciplinary study of the 2002–03 Etna eruption: Insights into a complex plumbing system, Bull. Volcanol., 67, 314–330, doi:10.1007/s00445-004-0372-8.
Barreca, G., A. Bonforte, and M. Neri (2013), A pilot GIS database of active faults of Mt. Etna (Sicily): A tool for integrated hazard evaluation, J, Volcanol, Geotherm, Res,, 251, 170-186, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.08.013.
Behncke, B., and M. Neri (2003), Cycles and trends in the recent eruptive behaviour of Mount Etna (Italy), Can. J. Earth Sci., 40, 1405–1411, doi:10.1139/e03-052.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Bonforte, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2006), Composite ground deformation pattern forerunning the 2004–2005 Mount Etna eruption, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B12207, doi:10.1029/2005JB004206.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Bonforte, S. Calvari, C. Del Negro, G. Di Grazia, G. Ganci, M. Neri, A. Vicari, and E. Boschi, (2011a), The initial phases of the 2008–2009 Mount Etna eruption: A multidisciplinary approach for hazard assessment, J. Geophys. Res., 116, B03203, doi:10.1029/2010JB007906.
Bonaccorso, A., A. Cannata, R. A. Corsaro, G. Di Grazia, S. Gambino, F. Greco, L. Miraglia, and A. Pistorio (2011b), Multidisciplinary investigation on a lava fountain preceding a flank eruption: The 10 May 2008 Etna case, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q07009, doi:10.1029/2010GC003480
Bonforte, A., F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2004), A syn-eruptive ground deformation episode measured by GPS, during the 2001 eruption on the upper southern flank of Mt Etna, Bull. Volcanol., 66(4), 366-341.
Bonforte, A., D. Carbone, F. Greco, and M. Palano (2007a), Intrusive mechanism of the 2002 NE-rift eruption at Mt Etna (Italy) modelled using GPS and gravity data, Geophys. Jour. Int., 169. 339–347. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03249.x,
Bonforte, A., S. Gambino, F. Guglielmino, F. Obrizzo, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2007b), Ground deformation modeling of flank dynamics prior to the 2002 eruption of Mt. Etna, Bull. Volcanol., 69, 757–768, doi:10.1007/s00445-006-0106-1.
Bonforte, A., A. Bonaccorso, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and G. Puglisi (2008), Feeding system and magma storage beneath Mt. Etna as revealed by recent inflation/deflation cycles, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B05406, doi:10.1029/2007JB005334.
Bonforte, A., S. Gambino, and M. Neri (2009), Intrusion of eccentric dikes: The case of the 2001 eruption and its role in the dynamics of Mt. Etna volcano, Tectonophys., 471, 78–86, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.09.028
Bonforte, A., F. Guglielmino, M. Coltelli, A. Ferretti, and G. Puglisi (2011), Structural assessment of Mount Etna volcano from Permanent Scatterers analysis, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q02002, doi:10.1029/2010GC003213.
Bonforte, A., and G. Puglisi (2006), Dynamics of the eastern flank of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy) investigated by a dense GPS network, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 153, 357–369, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.12.005.
Borgia, A., Ferrari, L., Pasquare`, G.,(1992), Importance of gravitational spreading in the tectonic and volcanic evolution of Mount Etna, Nature, 357 (1992), pp. 231–235
Branca, S., and P. Del Carlo (2004), Eruptions of Mt Etna during the past 3,200 years: A revised compilation integrating the historical and stratigraphic records, in Etna: Volcano Laboratory, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 143, edited by A. Bonaccorso et al., pp. 1–27, AGU, Washington, D. C.
Guglielmino, F., G. Nunnari, G. Puglisi, and A. Spata (2011a), Simultaneous and Integrated Strain Tensor Estimation From Geodetic and Satellite Deformation Measurements to Obtain Three-Dimensional Displacement Maps, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 49, 1815-1826, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2103078.
Guglielmino, F, C, Bignami, A, Bonforte, P, Briole, F, Obrizzo, G, Puglisi, S, Stramondo, and U. Wegmuller (2011b), Analysis of satellite and in situ ground deformation data integrated by the SISTEM approach: The April 3, 2010 earthquake along the Pernicana fault (Mt. Etna - Italy) case study, Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 312 (3-4), 327-336, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.028.
Massonnet, D., and K. Feigl (1998), Radar interferometry and its application to changes in the Earth's surface, Rev. of Geophys., 36 (4), 441-500.
Monaco, C., Tapponnier, P., Tortorici, L., Gillot, P.Y. (1997), Late Quaternary slip rates on the Acireale-Piedimonte normal faults and tectonic origin of Mt. Etna ( Sicily) ,Earth and Planetary Science Letters 147 ,125, 139
Neri, M., Acocella, V., Behncke, B., (2004) , The role of the Pernicana Fault System in the spreading of Mt. Etna (Italy) during the 2002-2003 eruption, Bull. Volcanol., 66, 417-430 , doi: 10.1007/s00445-003-0322-x
Neri, M., and V. Acocella (2006), The 2004–05 Etna eruption: Implications for flank deformation and structural behaviour of the volcano, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 158, 195–206, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.04.022.
Neri, M., B, Behncke, M. Burton, S. Giammanco, E. Pecora, E. Privitera, and D. Reitano (2006), Continuous soil radon monitoring during the July 2006 Etna eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L24316, doi:10.1029/2006GL028394.
Neri, M., Guglielmino, F., Rust, D.(2007), Flank instability on Mount Etna: Radon, radar interferometry, and geodetic data from the southwestern boundary of the unstable sector, J. Geophys. Res., 112, p. B04410 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JB0047
Nunnari, G., G. Puglisi, and F. Guglielmino (2005), Inversion of SAR data in active volcanic areas by optimization techniques, Nonlin. Proc. Geophys., 12, 863–870.
Okada, Y. (1992), Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Bull. Seismol Soc. America, 82 (2), 1018-1040.
Palano, M., M. Aloisi, M. Amore, A. Bonforte, F. Calvagna, M. Cantarero, O. Consoli, S. Consoli, F. Guglielmino, M. Mattia, B. Puglisi and G. Puglisi (2006), Kinematic and strain analyses of the eastern segment of the Pernicana fault (Mt. Etna, Italy) derived from geodetic techniques (1997–2005), Ann, Geophys., 49 (4-5), 1105-1117.
Puglisi, G., A. Bonforte, and S. R. Maugeri (2001), Ground deformation patterns on Mount Etna, 1992 to 1994, inferred from GPS data, Bull. Volcanol., 62, 371-384, doi: 10.1007/s004450000112.
Puglisi, G, and A. Bonforte (2004), Dynamics of Mount Etna Volcano inferred from static and kinematic GPS measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B11404, doi:10.1029/2003JB002878.
Puglisi, G, A. Bonforte, A. Ferretti, F. Guglielmino, M. Palano, and C. Prati (2008), Dynamics of Mount Etna before, during, and after the July–August 2001 eruption inferred from GPS and differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B06405, doi:10.1029/2006JB004811.
Rosen, P. A., S. Henley, G. Peltzer, and M. Simons (2004), Updated Repeat Orbit Interferometry Package Released, Eos Trans. AGU, 85 (5), 47.
Ruch, J., V. Acocella, F. Storti, M. Neri, S. Pepe, G. Solaro, and E. Sansosti (2010), Detachment depth revealed by rollover deformation: An inte-grated approach at Mount Etna, Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L16304,doi:10.1029/2010GL044131.
Solaro, G., V. Acocella, S. Pepe, J. Ruch, M. Neri, and E. Sansosti (2010), Anatomy of an unstable volcano from InSAR: Multiple processes affecting flank instability at Mt. Etna, 1994–2008, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10405, doi:10.1029/2009JB000820.
Tibaldi, A, Groppelli, G,(2002), Volcano-tectonic activity along structures of the unstable NE flank of Mt. Etna (Italy) and their possible origin, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 115 , 3-4, 277-302, doi: 10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00305-5
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