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Radon in outdoor air in the Mt. Etna area, Italy
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
4/55(2010)
Publisher
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Poland
Pages (printed)
573-577
Issued date
October 2010
Alternative Location
Abstract
Radon (222Rn) activity concentration in outdoor air was measured, using AlphaGuard radon monitors,
at 25 points in the Mt. Etna area, at different distances and in different directions from the summit. Values of up to
93 Bq·m–3 were found at three points close to the summit, at altitudes of about 3000 m above the sea level, and in the
range of 3.0–19.6 Bq·m–3 elsewhere. An average radon concentration of 7.9 Bq·m–3 was obtained in the northern region,
4.8 Bq·m–3 in the eastern (oriented towards the sea), 9.6 Bq·m–3 in the western (the furthest inland), and 6.5 Bq·m–3 in
the southern.
at 25 points in the Mt. Etna area, at different distances and in different directions from the summit. Values of up to
93 Bq·m–3 were found at three points close to the summit, at altitudes of about 3000 m above the sea level, and in the
range of 3.0–19.6 Bq·m–3 elsewhere. An average radon concentration of 7.9 Bq·m–3 was obtained in the northern region,
4.8 Bq·m–3 in the eastern (oriented towards the sea), 9.6 Bq·m–3 in the western (the furthest inland), and 6.5 Bq·m–3 in
the southern.
References
1. Baciu AC (2005) Radon and thoron progeny concentration
variability in relation to meteorological conditions at Bucharest (Romania). J Environ Radioact 83:171–189
2. Brogna A, La Delfa S, La Monaca V et al. (2007) Measurements
of indoor radon concentration on the southeastern
flank of Mount Etna volcano (Southern Italy). J
Volcanol Geotherm Res 165:71–75
3. Burian I, Otahal P (2009) Radon and its decay products
in outdoor air. Appl Radiat Isot 67:881–883
4. Burton M, Neri M, Condorelli D (2004) High spatial
resolution radon measurements reveal hidden active
faults. Geophys Res Lett 28:4035–4039
5. Chester DK, Duncan AM, Guest JE, Kilburn CRJ (1985)
Mount Etna: the anatomy of a volcano. Chapman and
Hall, London
6. Cigolini C, Salierno G, Gervino G et al. (2001) High-resolution
radon monitoring and hydrodynamics at Mount
Vesuvius. Geophys Res Lett 28:4035–4039
7. Connor C, Hill B, LaFemina P, Navarro M, Conway M
(1996) Soil 222Rn pulse during the initial phase of the
June–August 1995 eruption of Cerro Negro, Nicaragua.
J Volcanol Geotherm Res 73:119–127
8. D’Alessandro W, Inguaggiato S, Federico C, Parello
F (1999) Chemical composition of dissolved gases in
groundwaters from Mt. Etna, Eastern Italy. In: Armannsson
H (ed) Geochemistry of Earth’s surface. Balkena,
Rotterdam, pp 491–494
9. D’Alessandro W, Vita F (2003) Groundwater radon
measurements in the Mt. Etna area. J Environ Radioact
65:187–201
10. Etiope G, Martinelli G (2002) Migration of carrier and
trace gases in the geosphere: an overview. Phys Earth
Planet Interiors 129:185–204
11. Gasparini P, Mantovani MSV (1978) Radon anomalies
and volcanic eruptions. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
3:325–341
12. Hall M, Frank E, Holmes G, Pfahringer B, Reutemann P,
Witten HI (2009) The WEKA Data Mining Software: an
update; SIGKDD Explorations. Vol. 11, Issue 1
13. Heligmann M, Stix J, Williams-Jones G, Sherwood Lollar
B, Garzón VG (1997) Distal degassing of radon and
carbon dioxide on Galeras volcano Colombia. J Volcanol
Geotherm Res 77:267–283
14. Hötzl H, Winkler R (1994) Long-term variation of outdoor
radon equilibrium equivalent concentration. Radiat
Environ Biophys 33:381–392
15. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Negro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2005) Gas radon emission related to geodynamics of Mt.
Etna. Ann Geophys 48:65–71
16. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2006) Soil radon concentration and volcanic activity
of Mt. Etna before and after the 2002 eruption. Radiat
Meas 41:241–245
17. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2006) Soil radon monitoring in the NE flank of Mt. Etna
(Sicily). Appl Radiat Isot 64:624–629
18. Kieffer G (1975) Sur l’existence d’une <<Rift zone>> à
l’Etna (Sicile). CR Acad Sci Paris, D 280:236–266
19. Klusman RW, Webster JD (1981) Preliminary analysis
of meteorological and seasonal influences on crustal gas
emissions relevant to earthquake prediction. Bull Seismol
Soc America 71:211–222
20. Kozak K, Mazur J, Vaupotič J, Kobal I, Janik M,
Kochowska E (2009) Calibration of the IJS-CRn and IFJ-
-PAN radon measuring devices in the IFJ-KR-600 Radon
chamber. Jožef Stefan Institute Report IJS-DP-10103,
Ljubljana
21. Kozłowska B, Morelli D, Walencik A et al. (2009) Radioactivity
in waters of Mt. Etna (Italy). Radiat Meas
44:384–389
22. La Delfa S, Agostino I, Morelli D, Patanè G (2008) Soil
radon concentration and effective stress variation at Mt.
Etna (Sicily) in the period January 2003–April 2005.
Radiat Meas 43:1299–1304
23. La Delfa S, Immè G, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G,
Vizzini F (2008) Radon measurements in the SE and NE
flank of Mt. Etna (Italy). Radiat Meas 42:1404–1408
24. Lentini F (1982) The geology of the Mt. Etna basement.
Mem Soc Geol It 23:7–25
25. Leuraud C, Laiolo M, Coppola D (2007) Earthquake-
-volcano interactions detected from radon degassing at
Stromboli (Italy). Earth Planet Sci Lett 257:511–525
26. Morelli D, Di Martino S, Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro
S, Patanè G (2006) Evidence of soil radon as tracer of
magma uprising in Mt. Etna. Radiat Meas 41:721–725
27. Sarrou I, Pashalidis I (2003) Radon levels in Cyprus. J
Environ Radioact 68:269–277
28. Segovia N, Mena M, Monin M, Peňa P, Seidel JL, Tamez
E (1997) Radon-in-soil variations related to volcanic
activity. Radiat Meas 28:745–750
29. Sesana L, Caprioli E, Marcazzan GM (2003) Long
period study of outdoor radon concentration in Milan
and correlation between its temporal variations and
dispersion properties of atmosphere. J Environ Radiact
65:147–160
30. Vaupotič J, Kobal I, Križman MJ (2010) Background outdoor
radon levels in Slovenia. Nukleonika 55;4:579–582
31. Zimmer M, Erziger J (2003) Continuous H2O, CO2, 222Rn
and temperature measurements on Merapi Volcano,
Indonesia. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 125:25–38
32. Zmazek B, Živčić M, Todorovski L, Džeroski S, Vaupotič
J, Kobal I (2005) Radon in soil gas: how to identify
anomalies caused by earthquakes. Appl Geochem
20:1106–1119
variability in relation to meteorological conditions at Bucharest (Romania). J Environ Radioact 83:171–189
2. Brogna A, La Delfa S, La Monaca V et al. (2007) Measurements
of indoor radon concentration on the southeastern
flank of Mount Etna volcano (Southern Italy). J
Volcanol Geotherm Res 165:71–75
3. Burian I, Otahal P (2009) Radon and its decay products
in outdoor air. Appl Radiat Isot 67:881–883
4. Burton M, Neri M, Condorelli D (2004) High spatial
resolution radon measurements reveal hidden active
faults. Geophys Res Lett 28:4035–4039
5. Chester DK, Duncan AM, Guest JE, Kilburn CRJ (1985)
Mount Etna: the anatomy of a volcano. Chapman and
Hall, London
6. Cigolini C, Salierno G, Gervino G et al. (2001) High-resolution
radon monitoring and hydrodynamics at Mount
Vesuvius. Geophys Res Lett 28:4035–4039
7. Connor C, Hill B, LaFemina P, Navarro M, Conway M
(1996) Soil 222Rn pulse during the initial phase of the
June–August 1995 eruption of Cerro Negro, Nicaragua.
J Volcanol Geotherm Res 73:119–127
8. D’Alessandro W, Inguaggiato S, Federico C, Parello
F (1999) Chemical composition of dissolved gases in
groundwaters from Mt. Etna, Eastern Italy. In: Armannsson
H (ed) Geochemistry of Earth’s surface. Balkena,
Rotterdam, pp 491–494
9. D’Alessandro W, Vita F (2003) Groundwater radon
measurements in the Mt. Etna area. J Environ Radioact
65:187–201
10. Etiope G, Martinelli G (2002) Migration of carrier and
trace gases in the geosphere: an overview. Phys Earth
Planet Interiors 129:185–204
11. Gasparini P, Mantovani MSV (1978) Radon anomalies
and volcanic eruptions. J Volcanol Geotherm Res
3:325–341
12. Hall M, Frank E, Holmes G, Pfahringer B, Reutemann P,
Witten HI (2009) The WEKA Data Mining Software: an
update; SIGKDD Explorations. Vol. 11, Issue 1
13. Heligmann M, Stix J, Williams-Jones G, Sherwood Lollar
B, Garzón VG (1997) Distal degassing of radon and
carbon dioxide on Galeras volcano Colombia. J Volcanol
Geotherm Res 77:267–283
14. Hötzl H, Winkler R (1994) Long-term variation of outdoor
radon equilibrium equivalent concentration. Radiat
Environ Biophys 33:381–392
15. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Negro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2005) Gas radon emission related to geodynamics of Mt.
Etna. Ann Geophys 48:65–71
16. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2006) Soil radon concentration and volcanic activity
of Mt. Etna before and after the 2002 eruption. Radiat
Meas 41:241–245
17. Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G
(2006) Soil radon monitoring in the NE flank of Mt. Etna
(Sicily). Appl Radiat Isot 64:624–629
18. Kieffer G (1975) Sur l’existence d’une <<Rift zone>> à
l’Etna (Sicile). CR Acad Sci Paris, D 280:236–266
19. Klusman RW, Webster JD (1981) Preliminary analysis
of meteorological and seasonal influences on crustal gas
emissions relevant to earthquake prediction. Bull Seismol
Soc America 71:211–222
20. Kozak K, Mazur J, Vaupotič J, Kobal I, Janik M,
Kochowska E (2009) Calibration of the IJS-CRn and IFJ-
-PAN radon measuring devices in the IFJ-KR-600 Radon
chamber. Jožef Stefan Institute Report IJS-DP-10103,
Ljubljana
21. Kozłowska B, Morelli D, Walencik A et al. (2009) Radioactivity
in waters of Mt. Etna (Italy). Radiat Meas
44:384–389
22. La Delfa S, Agostino I, Morelli D, Patanè G (2008) Soil
radon concentration and effective stress variation at Mt.
Etna (Sicily) in the period January 2003–April 2005.
Radiat Meas 43:1299–1304
23. La Delfa S, Immè G, Lo Nigro S, Morelli D, Patanè G,
Vizzini F (2008) Radon measurements in the SE and NE
flank of Mt. Etna (Italy). Radiat Meas 42:1404–1408
24. Lentini F (1982) The geology of the Mt. Etna basement.
Mem Soc Geol It 23:7–25
25. Leuraud C, Laiolo M, Coppola D (2007) Earthquake-
-volcano interactions detected from radon degassing at
Stromboli (Italy). Earth Planet Sci Lett 257:511–525
26. Morelli D, Di Martino S, Immè G, La Delfa S, Lo Nigro
S, Patanè G (2006) Evidence of soil radon as tracer of
magma uprising in Mt. Etna. Radiat Meas 41:721–725
27. Sarrou I, Pashalidis I (2003) Radon levels in Cyprus. J
Environ Radioact 68:269–277
28. Segovia N, Mena M, Monin M, Peňa P, Seidel JL, Tamez
E (1997) Radon-in-soil variations related to volcanic
activity. Radiat Meas 28:745–750
29. Sesana L, Caprioli E, Marcazzan GM (2003) Long
period study of outdoor radon concentration in Milan
and correlation between its temporal variations and
dispersion properties of atmosphere. J Environ Radiact
65:147–160
30. Vaupotič J, Kobal I, Križman MJ (2010) Background outdoor
radon levels in Slovenia. Nukleonika 55;4:579–582
31. Zimmer M, Erziger J (2003) Continuous H2O, CO2, 222Rn
and temperature measurements on Merapi Volcano,
Indonesia. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 125:25–38
32. Zmazek B, Živčić M, Todorovski L, Džeroski S, Vaupotič
J, Kobal I (2005) Radon in soil gas: how to identify
anomalies caused by earthquakes. Appl Geochem
20:1106–1119
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