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Authors: | Favali, P.* Chierici, F.* Marinaro, G.* Giovanetti, G.* Azzarone, A.* Beranzoli, L.* De Santis, A.* Embriaco, D.* Monna, S.* Lo Bue, N.* Sgroi, T.* Cianchini, G.* Badiali, L.* Qamili, E.* De Caro, M. G.* Falcone, G.* Montuori, C.* Frugoni, F.* NEMO Collaboration* Pignagnoli, L.* Zitellini, N.* Federico, B.* Bruni, F.* Gasparoni, F.* Pavan, G.* |
Title: | NEMO-SN1 Abyssal Cabled Observatory in the Western Ionian Sea | Journal: | IEEE journal of oceanic engineering | Series/Report no.: | /38 (2013) | Publisher: | IEEE / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Incorporated | Issue Date: | 2013 | DOI: | 10.1109/JOE.2012.2224536 | Keywords: | NEMO-SN1 cabled observatory Geo-hazards Bio-acoustics High-energy astrophysics EMSO KM3NeT |
Subject Classification: | 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques |
Abstract: | The “NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory - Submarine Network 1” (NEMO-SN1) seafloor observatory is located in the central Mediterranean Sea, Western Ionian Sea, off Eastern Sicily (Southern Italy) at 2100 m water depth, 25 km from the harbour of the city of Catania. It is a prototype of a cabled deep-sea multiparameter observatory and the first one operating with real-time data transmission in Europe since 2005. NEMO-SN1 is also the first-established node of the “European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory” (EMSO, http://www.emso-eu.org), one of the incoming European large-scale research infrastructures included in the Roadmap of the “European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures” (ESFRI, http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm) since 2006. EMSO will specifically address long-term monitoring of environmental processes related to Marine Ecosystems, Climate Change and Geo-hazards. NEMO-SN1 has been deployed and developed over the last decade thanks to Italian funding and to the EC project “European Seas Observatory NETwork - Network of Excellence” (ESONET-NoE, 2007-2011) that funded the “Listening to the Deep Ocean - Demonstration Mission” (LIDO-DM) and a technological interoperability test (http://www.esonet-emso.org/). NEMOSN1 is performing geophysical and environmental long-term monitoring by acquiring seismological, geomagnetic, gravimetric, accelerometric, physico-oceanographic, hydroacoustic, bio-acoustic measurements. Scientific objectives include studying seismic signals, tsunami generation and warnings, its hydroacoustic precursors, and ambient noise characterisation in terms of marine mammal sounds, environmental and anthropogenic sources. NEMO-SN1 is also an important test-site for the construction of the “Kilometre-Cube Underwater Neutrino Telescope” (KM3NeT, http://www.km3net.org/), another large-scale research infrastructure included in the ESFRI Roadmap based on a large volume neutrino telescope. The description of the observatory and its most recent implementations is presented. On 9th June, 2012 NEMO-SN1 was successfully deployed and is working in real-time. |
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