Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8311
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.authorall | Esposti Ongaro, T.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.authorall | Clarke, A. B.; School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA | en |
dc.contributor.authorall | Voight, B.; Department of Geosciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA | en |
dc.contributor.authorall | Neri, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.authorall | Widiwijayanti, C.; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-10-19T13:43:19Z | en |
dc.date.available | 2012-10-19T13:43:19Z | en |
dc.date.issued | 2012-06-26 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8311 | en |
dc.description.abstract | The dynamics of the May 18, 1980 lateral blast at Mount St. Helens, Washington (USA), were studied by means of a three-dimensional multiphase flow model. Numerical simulations describe the blast flow as a high-velocity pyroclastic density current generated by a rapid expansion (burst phase, lasting less than 20 s) of a pressurized polydisperse mixture of gas and particles and its subsequent gravitational collapse and propagation over a rugged topography. Model results show good agreement with the observed large-scale behavior of the blast and, in particular, reproduce reasonably well the front advancement velocity and the extent of the inundated area. Detailed analysis of modeled transient and local flow properties supports the view of a blast flow led by a high-speed front (with velocities between 100 and 170 m/s), with a turbulent head relatively depleted in fine particles, and a trailing, sedimenting body. In valleys and topographic lows, pyroclasts accumulate progressively at the base of the current body after the passage of the head, forming a dense basal flow depleted in fines (less than 5 wt.%) with total particle volume fraction exceeding 10−1 in most of the sampled locations. Blocking and diversion of this basal flow by topographic ridges provides the mechanism for progressive current unloading. On ridges, sedimentation occurs in the flow body just behind the current head, but the sedimenting, basal flow is progressively more dilute and enriched in fine particles (up to 40 wt.% in most of the sampled locations). In the regions of intense sedimentation, topographic blocking triggers the elutriation of fine particles through the rise of convective instabilities. Although the model formulation and the numerical vertical accuracy do not allow the direct simulation of the actual deposit compaction, present results provide a consistent, quantitative model able to interpret the observed stratigraphic sequence. | en |
dc.language.iso | English | en |
dc.publisher.name | American Geophysical Union | en |
dc.relation.ispartof | Journal of geophysical research - solid earth | en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | /117(2012) | en |
dc.subject | Mount St. Helens | en |
dc.subject | blast, multiphase flow | en |
dc.subject | numerical simulations | en |
dc.subject | pyroclastic density currents | en |
dc.title | Multiphase flow dynamics of pyroclastic density currents during the May 18, 1980 lateral blast of Mount St. Helens | en |
dc.type | article | en |
dc.description.status | Published | en |
dc.type.QualityControl | Peer-reviewed | en |
dc.description.pagenumber | B06208 | en |
dc.subject.INGV | 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous | en |
dc.subject.INGV | 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous | en |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1029/2011JB009081 | en |
dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico | 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo | en |
dc.description.journalType | JCR Journal | en |
dc.description.fulltext | restricted | en |
dc.relation.issn | 0148-0227 | en |
dc.contributor.author | Esposti Ongaro, T. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Clarke, A. B. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Voight, B. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Neri, A. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Widiwijayanti, C. | en |
dc.contributor.department | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.department | Department of Geosciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA | en |
dc.contributor.department | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | en |
dc.contributor.department | Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore | en |
item.openairetype | article | - |
item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
item.languageiso639-1 | en | - |
item.grantfulltext | restricted | - |
item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf | - |
item.fulltext | With Fulltext | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Arizona State University, USA | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Department of Geosciences, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Pisa, Pisa, Italia | - |
crisitem.author.dept | Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA | - |
crisitem.author.orcid | 0000-0002-6663-5311 | - |
crisitem.author.orcid | 0000-0002-3536-3624 | - |
crisitem.author.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
crisitem.author.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
crisitem.classification.parent | 04. Solid Earth | - |
crisitem.classification.parent | 05. General | - |
crisitem.department.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
crisitem.department.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
Appears in Collections: | Article published / in press |
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JGR_EspostiO_etal_2012.pdf | 7.79 MB | Adobe PDF |
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