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Shallow dike emplacement and related hazard in central stratovolcanoes
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
3.2. Tettonica attiva
3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
Status
Published
JCR Journal
N/A or not JCR
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
1-2/22(2010)
Publisher
Giardini Editor
Pages (printed)
53-56
Issued date
2011
Subjects
Abstract
In the crust, the orientation of a dike is controlled by the orientation of the principal stresses, with the dike orthogonal to the least compressive stress. At shallower levels, the presence of a volcanic edifice introduces significant deviations from expected patterns. The load of the edifice focuses the stresses above the
center of a magma chamber, promoting the development of a central vent system.
But the location and orientation of the dikes may be also controlled by the shape of the edifice, or by the presence of scarps along the volcano slopes, commonly produced by sector collapses. Therefore, while dike propagation in areas without prominent relief is usually controlled by regional
tectonism, the propagation of dikes in volcanic edifices depends upon the shape and topography of the edifice, as well as the stress conditions within shallow magma reservoirs.
center of a magma chamber, promoting the development of a central vent system.
But the location and orientation of the dikes may be also controlled by the shape of the edifice, or by the presence of scarps along the volcano slopes, commonly produced by sector collapses. Therefore, while dike propagation in areas without prominent relief is usually controlled by regional
tectonism, the propagation of dikes in volcanic edifices depends upon the shape and topography of the edifice, as well as the stress conditions within shallow magma reservoirs.
References
Acocella V. and Neri M. (2003). What makes flank eruptions? The 2001
Etna eruption and its possible triggering mechanisms. «Bull. Volcanol.
», 65, 517-529.
Acocella V. and Tibaldi A. (2005). Dike propagation driven by volcano
collapse: a general model tested at Stromboli, Italy. «Geophys. Res.
Lett.», 32, L08308, doi: 10.1029/2004GL022248.
Acocella V., Porreca M., Neri M., Mattei M. and Funiciello R. (2006). Fissure
eruptions at Mount Vesuvius (Italy): insights on the shallow
propagation of dikes at volcanoes. «Geology», 34, 673-676. Acocella V., Neri M. and Scarlato P. (2006). Understanding shallow magma
emplacement at volcanoes: orthogonal feeder dikes during the
2002-2003 Stromboli (Italy) eruption. «Geophys. Res. Lett.», 33,
L17310, doi:10.1029/2006GL026862.
Behncke B. and Neri M. (2003). The July-August 2001 eruption of Mt.
Etna (Sicily). «Bull. Volcanol,», 65, 461-476, doi:10.1007/s00445-003-
0274-1.
Billi A., Acocella V., Funiciello R., Giordano G., Lanzafame G. and Neri
M. (2003). Mechanism for ground surface fracturing and incipient
slope failure associated with the 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy:
analysis of ephemeral field data. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 122,
281-294.
Bousquet J. C. and Lanzafame G. (2001). Nouvelle interprétation des
fractures des éruptions latérales de l’Etna: conséquences pour son
cadre tectonique. «Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr.», 172, 455-467.
Day S. J., Heleno da Silva S. I. N. and Fonseca J. F. B. D. (1999). A past giant
lateral collapse and present-day flank instability of Fogo, Cape
Verde Islands. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 94, 191-218.
Falsaperla S., Neri M., Pecora E. and Spampinato S. (2006). Multidisciplinary
Study of Flank Instability Phenomena at Stromboli Volcano,
Italy. «Geophys. Res. Lett.», 33, L09304, doi:10.1029/2006GL025940.
Falsaperla S., Maiolino V., Spampinato S., Jaquet O. and Neri M. (2008).
Sliding episodes during the 2002-2003 Stromboli lava effusion: insights
from seismic, volcanic, and statistical data analysis, «Geochem.
Geophys. Geosyst.», 9, Q04022, doi:10.1029/2007GC001859.
Gudmundsson A. (2003). Surface stresses associated with arrested dykes
in rift zones. «Bull. Volcanol.», 65, 606-619.
Gudmundsson A. (2006). How local stresses control magma-chamber
ruptures, dyke injections, and eruptions in composite volcanoes.
«Earth Sci. Rev.», 79, 1-31.
Lanzafame G., Neri M., Acocella V., Billi A., Funiciello R. and Giordano
G. (2003). Structural features of the July-August 2001 Mount Etna
eruption: evidence for a complex magmatic system. «J. Geol. Soc.
London», 160, 531-544.
McGuire W. J. and Pullen A. D. (1989). Location and orientation of eruptive
fissures and feeder-dykes at Mount Etna: influence of gravitational
and regional stress regimes. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 38,
325-244.
Neri M. and Lanzafame G. (2009). Structural features of the 2007 Stromboli
eruption, «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 182, 137-144,
doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.07.021.
Neri M., Lanzafame G. and Acocella V. (2008). Dike emplacement and
related hazard in volcanoes with sector collapse: the Stromboli 2007
eruption. «J. Geol. Soc. London», 165, 883-886, doi:10.1144/0016-
76492008-002.
Pollard D. D. and Muller O. H. (1976). Effect of gradients in regional
stress and magma pressure on form of sheet intrusions in cross-section.
«J. Geophys. Res.», 81, 975-984.
Tibaldi A. (2003). Influence of cone morphology on dikes, Stromboli,
Italy. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 126, 79-95.
Zanon V., Neri M. and Pecora E. (2009). Interpretation of data from
the monitoring thermal camera: the case of Stromboli volcano
(Aeolian Islands, Italy). «Geol. Mag.», 146, 4, 591-601, doi:10.1017/
S0016756809005937.
Etna eruption and its possible triggering mechanisms. «Bull. Volcanol.
», 65, 517-529.
Acocella V. and Tibaldi A. (2005). Dike propagation driven by volcano
collapse: a general model tested at Stromboli, Italy. «Geophys. Res.
Lett.», 32, L08308, doi: 10.1029/2004GL022248.
Acocella V., Porreca M., Neri M., Mattei M. and Funiciello R. (2006). Fissure
eruptions at Mount Vesuvius (Italy): insights on the shallow
propagation of dikes at volcanoes. «Geology», 34, 673-676. Acocella V., Neri M. and Scarlato P. (2006). Understanding shallow magma
emplacement at volcanoes: orthogonal feeder dikes during the
2002-2003 Stromboli (Italy) eruption. «Geophys. Res. Lett.», 33,
L17310, doi:10.1029/2006GL026862.
Behncke B. and Neri M. (2003). The July-August 2001 eruption of Mt.
Etna (Sicily). «Bull. Volcanol,», 65, 461-476, doi:10.1007/s00445-003-
0274-1.
Billi A., Acocella V., Funiciello R., Giordano G., Lanzafame G. and Neri
M. (2003). Mechanism for ground surface fracturing and incipient
slope failure associated with the 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy:
analysis of ephemeral field data. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 122,
281-294.
Bousquet J. C. and Lanzafame G. (2001). Nouvelle interprétation des
fractures des éruptions latérales de l’Etna: conséquences pour son
cadre tectonique. «Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr.», 172, 455-467.
Day S. J., Heleno da Silva S. I. N. and Fonseca J. F. B. D. (1999). A past giant
lateral collapse and present-day flank instability of Fogo, Cape
Verde Islands. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 94, 191-218.
Falsaperla S., Neri M., Pecora E. and Spampinato S. (2006). Multidisciplinary
Study of Flank Instability Phenomena at Stromboli Volcano,
Italy. «Geophys. Res. Lett.», 33, L09304, doi:10.1029/2006GL025940.
Falsaperla S., Maiolino V., Spampinato S., Jaquet O. and Neri M. (2008).
Sliding episodes during the 2002-2003 Stromboli lava effusion: insights
from seismic, volcanic, and statistical data analysis, «Geochem.
Geophys. Geosyst.», 9, Q04022, doi:10.1029/2007GC001859.
Gudmundsson A. (2003). Surface stresses associated with arrested dykes
in rift zones. «Bull. Volcanol.», 65, 606-619.
Gudmundsson A. (2006). How local stresses control magma-chamber
ruptures, dyke injections, and eruptions in composite volcanoes.
«Earth Sci. Rev.», 79, 1-31.
Lanzafame G., Neri M., Acocella V., Billi A., Funiciello R. and Giordano
G. (2003). Structural features of the July-August 2001 Mount Etna
eruption: evidence for a complex magmatic system. «J. Geol. Soc.
London», 160, 531-544.
McGuire W. J. and Pullen A. D. (1989). Location and orientation of eruptive
fissures and feeder-dykes at Mount Etna: influence of gravitational
and regional stress regimes. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 38,
325-244.
Neri M. and Lanzafame G. (2009). Structural features of the 2007 Stromboli
eruption, «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 182, 137-144,
doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.07.021.
Neri M., Lanzafame G. and Acocella V. (2008). Dike emplacement and
related hazard in volcanoes with sector collapse: the Stromboli 2007
eruption. «J. Geol. Soc. London», 165, 883-886, doi:10.1144/0016-
76492008-002.
Pollard D. D. and Muller O. H. (1976). Effect of gradients in regional
stress and magma pressure on form of sheet intrusions in cross-section.
«J. Geophys. Res.», 81, 975-984.
Tibaldi A. (2003). Influence of cone morphology on dikes, Stromboli,
Italy. «J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.», 126, 79-95.
Zanon V., Neri M. and Pecora E. (2009). Interpretation of data from
the monitoring thermal camera: the case of Stromboli volcano
(Aeolian Islands, Italy). «Geol. Mag.», 146, 4, 591-601, doi:10.1017/
S0016756809005937.
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