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Tsunami Early Warning System: Deep Sea Measurements in the Source Area
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
Status
Published
JCR Journal
N/A or not JCR
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
special issue / DTA 06-2011 (2011)
Publisher
DTA-CNR
Pages (printed)
1749-1758
Issued date
November 2011
Abstract
In the framework of the EU project NEAREST, a new Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS), able to operate in tsunami generation areas, was developed and installed in the Gulf of Cadiz. The TEWS is based on the abyssal station GEOSTAR, placed above a major tsunamigenic structure, and on three seismic centres of Portugal, Spain and Morocco. The core of the system is a tsunami detector installed onboard of GEOSTAR. The tsunami detector communicates with a surface buoy
through a dual acoustic link. The buoy is connected to land stations via satellite link.
The system was designed for near-field conditions and successfully operated from
August 2007 to August 2008, 100 km SW of Cabo de Sao Vincente (Portugal). A
new mission started on November 11th, 2009 in the same location. The tsunami detection is based either on pressure events either on seismic events. The bottom pressure data are analysed in real-time at the seafloor by a new tsunami detection algorithm, which can recognize tsunami waves as small as one centimetre. At the same time it was developed a new theoretical approach to account for tsunami generation in compressible water and in presence of a porous sediment. This model showed that hydro-acoustic waves, travelling much faster than the tsunami, are caused by the seafloor motion. These waves can propagate outside the generation area and are characterised by a modulation carrying valuable information on the seafloor motion, which can be recovered from their first arrival.
through a dual acoustic link. The buoy is connected to land stations via satellite link.
The system was designed for near-field conditions and successfully operated from
August 2007 to August 2008, 100 km SW of Cabo de Sao Vincente (Portugal). A
new mission started on November 11th, 2009 in the same location. The tsunami detection is based either on pressure events either on seismic events. The bottom pressure data are analysed in real-time at the seafloor by a new tsunami detection algorithm, which can recognize tsunami waves as small as one centimetre. At the same time it was developed a new theoretical approach to account for tsunami generation in compressible water and in presence of a porous sediment. This model showed that hydro-acoustic waves, travelling much faster than the tsunami, are caused by the seafloor motion. These waves can propagate outside the generation area and are characterised by a modulation carrying valuable information on the seafloor motion, which can be recovered from their first arrival.
Commentary On
[1] E. Boschi, E. Guidoboni, G. Ferrari, G. Valensise, and P. Gasperini. Catalogue of
the strong earthquakes in Italy from 461 BC to 1990. 1997.
[2] NGDC Tsunami Catalog. web site: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu db.shtml.
2009. [3] E.A. Okal, P.J. Alasset, O. Hyvernaud, and F. Schindele. The deficient T waves of
tsunami earthquakes. Geophys. J. Int.l, 152(2):416–432, 2003.
[4] C. Lomnitz and S. Nilsen-Hofseth. The indian ocean disaster: Tsunami physics and
early warning dilemmas. EOS Trans. AGU, 86:65–70, 2005.
[5] C. Meinig, S.E. Stalin, A.I. Nakamura, F. Gonzlez, , and H.G. Milburn. Technology
Developments in Real-Time Tsunami Measuring, Monitoring and Forecasting. In
Oceans 2005 MTS/IEEE, September 2005, Washington, D.C., 2005.
[6] K. Kawaguchi, K. Hirata, T. Nishida, S. Obana, and H. Mikada. A new approach for
mobile and expandable real time deep seafloor observation -Adaptable Observation
System. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 27:182–192, 2002.
[7] A. Rudloff, J. Lauterjung, U. Muench, and S. Tinti. Preface ”The GITEWS Project
(German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System)”. Nat Haz. & Earth Systs
Sciences, 9(4):1381–1382, 2009.
[8] J.H. Filloux. Tsunami recorded on the open ocean floor. J. Phys. Oceanogr.,
13:783–796, 1982.
[9] F. Chierici, L. Pignagnoli, , and D. Embriaco. Modeling of the hydroacoustic signal
and tsunami wave generated by seafloor motion including a porous seabed. J.
Geophys. Res., 115:C03015, 2010.
[10] N. Zitellini, E. Gr`acia, L. Matias, P. Terrinha, M.A. Abreu, G. De Alteriis, J.P.
Henriet, J.J. Da˜nobeitia, D.G. Masson, T. Mulder, R. Ramella, L. Somoza, and
S. Diez. The Quest for the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary West of the Strait of
Gibraltar. EPSL, 208:13–50, 2009.
[11] C. DeMets, R.G. Gordon, D.F. Argus, and S. Stein. Effect of recent revisions to the
geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophysical
Research Letters, 21:2191–2194, 1994.
[12] N. Zitellini, L. A. Mendes, D. Cordoba, J. Danobeitia, R. Nicolich, G. Pellis, and
al. Source of 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami investigated. EOS Trans. Am.
Geophys. Union, 82(26):285, 2001.
[13] N. Zitellini, M. Rovere, P. Terrinha, F. Chierici, L. Matias, and Bigset Team. Neogene
through Quaternary Tectonic reactivation of SW Iberian Passive Margin. Pure
Appl. Geophys., 161:565–585, 2004.
[14] W.R. Peltier and C.O. Hines. On the possible detection of tsunamis by a monitoring
of the ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 81:1995–2000, 1976.
[15] J. Artru, V. Ducic, H. Kanamori, P. Lognonn´e, and M. Murakami. Ionospheric
detection of gravity waves induced by tsunamis. Geophy. J. Int, 106:840–848, 2005. [16] M. Nosov, S. Kolesov, A. Denisova, A. Alekseev, and B. Levin. On the nearbottom
pressure variations in the region of the 2003 Tokachi-Oki tsunami source.
Oceanology, 47(1):26–32, 2007.
the strong earthquakes in Italy from 461 BC to 1990. 1997.
[2] NGDC Tsunami Catalog. web site: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu db.shtml.
2009. [3] E.A. Okal, P.J. Alasset, O. Hyvernaud, and F. Schindele. The deficient T waves of
tsunami earthquakes. Geophys. J. Int.l, 152(2):416–432, 2003.
[4] C. Lomnitz and S. Nilsen-Hofseth. The indian ocean disaster: Tsunami physics and
early warning dilemmas. EOS Trans. AGU, 86:65–70, 2005.
[5] C. Meinig, S.E. Stalin, A.I. Nakamura, F. Gonzlez, , and H.G. Milburn. Technology
Developments in Real-Time Tsunami Measuring, Monitoring and Forecasting. In
Oceans 2005 MTS/IEEE, September 2005, Washington, D.C., 2005.
[6] K. Kawaguchi, K. Hirata, T. Nishida, S. Obana, and H. Mikada. A new approach for
mobile and expandable real time deep seafloor observation -Adaptable Observation
System. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 27:182–192, 2002.
[7] A. Rudloff, J. Lauterjung, U. Muench, and S. Tinti. Preface ”The GITEWS Project
(German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System)”. Nat Haz. & Earth Systs
Sciences, 9(4):1381–1382, 2009.
[8] J.H. Filloux. Tsunami recorded on the open ocean floor. J. Phys. Oceanogr.,
13:783–796, 1982.
[9] F. Chierici, L. Pignagnoli, , and D. Embriaco. Modeling of the hydroacoustic signal
and tsunami wave generated by seafloor motion including a porous seabed. J.
Geophys. Res., 115:C03015, 2010.
[10] N. Zitellini, E. Gr`acia, L. Matias, P. Terrinha, M.A. Abreu, G. De Alteriis, J.P.
Henriet, J.J. Da˜nobeitia, D.G. Masson, T. Mulder, R. Ramella, L. Somoza, and
S. Diez. The Quest for the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary West of the Strait of
Gibraltar. EPSL, 208:13–50, 2009.
[11] C. DeMets, R.G. Gordon, D.F. Argus, and S. Stein. Effect of recent revisions to the
geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophysical
Research Letters, 21:2191–2194, 1994.
[12] N. Zitellini, L. A. Mendes, D. Cordoba, J. Danobeitia, R. Nicolich, G. Pellis, and
al. Source of 1755 Lisbon earthquake and tsunami investigated. EOS Trans. Am.
Geophys. Union, 82(26):285, 2001.
[13] N. Zitellini, M. Rovere, P. Terrinha, F. Chierici, L. Matias, and Bigset Team. Neogene
through Quaternary Tectonic reactivation of SW Iberian Passive Margin. Pure
Appl. Geophys., 161:565–585, 2004.
[14] W.R. Peltier and C.O. Hines. On the possible detection of tsunamis by a monitoring
of the ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 81:1995–2000, 1976.
[15] J. Artru, V. Ducic, H. Kanamori, P. Lognonn´e, and M. Murakami. Ionospheric
detection of gravity waves induced by tsunamis. Geophy. J. Int, 106:840–848, 2005. [16] M. Nosov, S. Kolesov, A. Denisova, A. Alekseev, and B. Levin. On the nearbottom
pressure variations in the region of the 2003 Tokachi-Oki tsunami source.
Oceanology, 47(1):26–32, 2007.
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