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Paleomagnetic evidence for a post–1.2 Ma disruption of the Calabria terrane: Consequences of slab breakoff on orogenic wedge tectonics
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
5-6/123 (2011)
Publisher
Geological Society of America
Pages (printed)
925–933
Issued date
May 2011
Last version
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6447
Abstract
In the past few years, a wealth of paleomagnetic
data gathered from Neogene
sediments consistently showed that since
ca. 10 Ma the Calabria terrane coherently
drifted ~500 km ESE-ward from the Sardinian
margin, and rotated 15 –20 clockwise
(CW) as a rigid microplate between 2 and
1 Ma. Here we report on a high-resolution
paleomagnetic investigation of the Crotone
forearc basin of northern Calabria. The
integrated calcareous plankton biostratigraphy
indicates early Pliocene (Zanclean)
to late early Pleistocene (Calabrian) ages
for 29 successful paleomagnetic sites and/or
sections. Unexpectedly, four domains undergoing
distinct rotations are documented.
Two blocks have undergone a CW rotation
statistically undistinguishable, for both timing
and magnitude, from the rigid Calabria
rotation documented in the past. Two additional
~10-km-wide blocks yielded a 30.8 ±
22.5 and 32.0 ± 9.2 post–1.2 Ma counterclockwise
rotation, likely due to left-lateral
shear along two NW-SE fault zones. We infer
that since advanced early Pleistocene times,
after the end of the uniform CW rotation,
left-lateral strike-slip tectonics disrupted
the Calabria terrane, overwhelming a widespread
extensional regime accompanying
the Calabria drift since late Miocene times.
Seismological evidence reveals that only the
southern part of the Ionian slab subducting
below Calabria is continuous, while beneath
northern Calabria a slab window between
100 and 200 km depth is apparent. We suggest
that the partial breakoff of the Ionian
slab after 1 Ma induced the fragmentation
of the Calabria wedge, and that strike-slip
faults from the Crotone basin decoupled
“inactive” northern Calabria from southern
Calabria, still drifting towards the trench.
data gathered from Neogene
sediments consistently showed that since
ca. 10 Ma the Calabria terrane coherently
drifted ~500 km ESE-ward from the Sardinian
margin, and rotated 15 –20 clockwise
(CW) as a rigid microplate between 2 and
1 Ma. Here we report on a high-resolution
paleomagnetic investigation of the Crotone
forearc basin of northern Calabria. The
integrated calcareous plankton biostratigraphy
indicates early Pliocene (Zanclean)
to late early Pleistocene (Calabrian) ages
for 29 successful paleomagnetic sites and/or
sections. Unexpectedly, four domains undergoing
distinct rotations are documented.
Two blocks have undergone a CW rotation
statistically undistinguishable, for both timing
and magnitude, from the rigid Calabria
rotation documented in the past. Two additional
~10-km-wide blocks yielded a 30.8 ±
22.5 and 32.0 ± 9.2 post–1.2 Ma counterclockwise
rotation, likely due to left-lateral
shear along two NW-SE fault zones. We infer
that since advanced early Pleistocene times,
after the end of the uniform CW rotation,
left-lateral strike-slip tectonics disrupted
the Calabria terrane, overwhelming a widespread
extensional regime accompanying
the Calabria drift since late Miocene times.
Seismological evidence reveals that only the
southern part of the Ionian slab subducting
below Calabria is continuous, while beneath
northern Calabria a slab window between
100 and 200 km depth is apparent. We suggest
that the partial breakoff of the Ionian
slab after 1 Ma induced the fragmentation
of the Calabria wedge, and that strike-slip
faults from the Crotone basin decoupled
“inactive” northern Calabria from southern
Calabria, still drifting towards the trench.
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no. 4, p. 641–660, doi: 10.1029/TC009i004p00641.
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southern Tyrrhenian subduction zone: Deep geometry,
magmatism and Plio-Pleistocene evolution: Earth and
Planetary Science Letters, v. 268, p. 408–423, doi:
10.1016/j.epsl.2008.01.036.
Chiarabba, C., De Gori, P., and Speranza, F., 2009, Deep
geom etry and rheology of an orogenic wedge developing
above a continental subduction zone: Seismological
evidence from the northern-central Apennines (Italy):
Lithosphere, v. 1, no. 2, p. 95–104, doi: 10.1130/
L34.1.
Cifelli, F., Mattei, M., and Rossetti, F., 2007a, Tectonic
evolution of arcuate mountain belts on top of a retreating
subduction slab: The example of the Calabria Arc:
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 112, p. B09101,
doi: 10.1029/2006JB004848.
Cifelli, F., Rossetti, F., and Mattei, M., 2007b, The architecture
of brittle postorogenic extension: Results from an
integrated structural and paleomagnetic study in north
Calabria (southern Italy): Geological Society of America
Bulletin, v. 119, no. 1, p. 221–239, doi: 10.1130/
B25900.1.
Cita, M.B., Capraro, L., Ciaranfi , N., Di Stefano, E., Lirer, F.,
Maiorano, P., Marino, M., Raffi , I., Rio, D., Sprovieri,
R., Stefanelli, S., and Vai, G.B., 2008, The Calabrian
Stage redefi ned: Episodes, v. 31, p. 418–429.
Combourieu-Nebout, N., 1995, Réponse de la végétation
de l’Italie méridionale au seuil climatique de la fi n du
Pliocène d’après l’analyse pollinique haute résolution
de la section de Semaforo (2.46 à 2.1Ma): Comptes
Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de Paris, v. 321,
no. 2a, p. 659–665.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 1991, Structural model
of Italy and gravity map, G. Bigi et al., ed.: Rome, Progetto
Finalizzato Geodinamica, scale 1:500,000.
D’Agostino, N., Cheloni, D., Bernardi, F., Hunstad, I.,
Palombo B., and Selvaggi, G., 2008, Reassessment of
the interseismic and coseismic deformation in the Messina
Straits 89(53): American Geophysical Union Fall
Meeting Supplement, Abstract S41D-03.
Del Ben, A., Barnaba, C., and Taboga, A., 2008, Strikeslip
systems as the main tectonic features in the Plio-
Quaternary kinematics of the Calabrian Arc: Marine
Geophysical Researches, v. 29, p. 1–12, doi: 10.1007/
s11001-007-9041-6.
Di Stefano, R., Kissling, E., Chiarabba, C., Amato, A., and
Giardini, D., 2009, Shallow subduction beneath Italy:
Three-dimensional images of the Adriatic-European-
Tyrrhenian lithosphere system based on high-quality P
wave arrival times: Journal of Geophysical Research,
v. 114, p. B05305, doi: 10.1029/2008JB005641.
Duermeijer, C.E., Van Vugt, N., Langereis, C.G., Meulenkamp,
J.E., and Zachariasse, W.J., 1998, A major late
Tortonian rotation phase of the Crotone Basin using
AMS as tectonic tilt correction and timing of the opening
of the Tyrrhenian Basin: Tectonophysics, v. 287,
p. 233–249, doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(98)80071-1.
Enkin, R.J., and Watson, J.S., 1996, Statistical analysis of
paleomagnetic inclination data: Geophysical Journal
International, v. 126, p. 495–504, doi: 10.1111/
j.1365-246X.1996.tb05305.x.
Faccenna, C., Becker, T.W., Lucente, F.P., Jolivet, L., and
Rossetti, F., 2001, History of subduction and back-arc
extension in the Central Mediterranean: Geophysical
Journal International, v. 145, p. 809–820, doi:
10.1046/j.0956-540x.2001.01435.x.
Fisher, R.A., 1953, Dispersion on a sphere: Proceedings of
the Royal Society of London, v. 217, p. 295–305, doi:
10.1098/rspa.1953.0064.
Galli, P., and Scionti, V., 2006, Two unknown M > 6 historical
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