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Magnetotactic bacterial abundance in pelagic marine environments is limited by organic carbon flux and availability of dissolved iron
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
3-4/310 (2011)
Publisher
Elsevier B.V.
Pages (printed)
441-452
Issued date
October 15, 2011
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria intracellularly biomineralize magnetite of an ideal grain size for recording
palaeomagnetic signals. However, bacterial magnetite has only been reported in a few pre-Quaternary
records because progressive burial into anoxic diagenetic environments causes its dissolution. Deep-sea
carbonate sequences provide optimal environments for preserving bacterial magnetite due to low rates of
organic carbon burial and expanded pore-water redox zonations. Such sequences often do not become anoxic
for tens to hundreds of metres below the seafloor. Nevertheless, the biogeochemical factors that control
magnetotactic bacterial populations in such settings are not well known. We document the preservation of
bacterial magnetite, which dominates the palaeomagnetic signal throughout Eocene pelagic carbonates from
the southern Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean. We provide evidence that iron fertilization, associated with
increased aeolian dust flux, resulted in surface water eutrophication in the late Eocene that controlled
bacterial magnetite abundance via export of organic carbon to the seafloor. Increased flux of aeolian ironbearing
phases also delivered iron to the seafloor, some of which became bioavailable through iron reduction.
Our results suggest that magnetotactic bacterial populations in pelagic settings depend crucially on
particulate iron and organic carbon delivery to the seafloor.
palaeomagnetic signals. However, bacterial magnetite has only been reported in a few pre-Quaternary
records because progressive burial into anoxic diagenetic environments causes its dissolution. Deep-sea
carbonate sequences provide optimal environments for preserving bacterial magnetite due to low rates of
organic carbon burial and expanded pore-water redox zonations. Such sequences often do not become anoxic
for tens to hundreds of metres below the seafloor. Nevertheless, the biogeochemical factors that control
magnetotactic bacterial populations in such settings are not well known. We document the preservation of
bacterial magnetite, which dominates the palaeomagnetic signal throughout Eocene pelagic carbonates from
the southern Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean. We provide evidence that iron fertilization, associated with
increased aeolian dust flux, resulted in surface water eutrophication in the late Eocene that controlled
bacterial magnetite abundance via export of organic carbon to the seafloor. Increased flux of aeolian ironbearing
phases also delivered iron to the seafloor, some of which became bioavailable through iron reduction.
Our results suggest that magnetotactic bacterial populations in pelagic settings depend crucially on
particulate iron and organic carbon delivery to the seafloor.
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noninteracting single domain particles using first-order reversal curve diagrams.
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108, 4875ā4898.
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organic carbon burial flux for Maud Rise, Weddell Sea, and Kerguelen Plateau,
south Indian Ocean. Paleoceanography 25, PA3214. doi:10.1029/2009PA001916.
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chains in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 270,
200ā208.
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gradients in freshwater microcosms. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 52, 185ā195.
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