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Mid-Pleistocene Pozzolanic Volcanic Ash in Ancient Roman Concretes
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1V. Storia eruttiva
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
1/25 (2010)
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons
Pages (printed)
36-74
Issued date
2010
Keywords
Abstract
The hydrated lime-volcanic ash mortars of imperial age concrete construction in Rome owe their
extraordinary durability to a specific alteration facies of scoriaceous ash from the Pozzolane
Rosse ignimbrite, erupted at 456±3 ka from Alban Hills volcano. Stratigraphic, petrographic,
and chemical investigations demonstrate that during the warm, humid period preceding marine
isotope stage 11, hydrolytic pedogenesis produced an argillic horizon in Pozzolane Rosse, with
thick illuvial clay that had little reactivity with hydrated lime, as shown by mortars from the
Forum of Julius Caesar (46 to 44 BC). In the underlying soil horizon, however, translocated
halloysite overlies opal and poorly crystalline clay surface coatings. Imperial age mortars, as
from the Forum and Markets of Trajan (AD 96 to 115), show strong reactivity of these
components, altered scoria groundmass, and zeolites with hydrated lime. Romans deliberately
selected this alkali-rich ash for optimal performance of pozzolanic concretes.
extraordinary durability to a specific alteration facies of scoriaceous ash from the Pozzolane
Rosse ignimbrite, erupted at 456±3 ka from Alban Hills volcano. Stratigraphic, petrographic,
and chemical investigations demonstrate that during the warm, humid period preceding marine
isotope stage 11, hydrolytic pedogenesis produced an argillic horizon in Pozzolane Rosse, with
thick illuvial clay that had little reactivity with hydrated lime, as shown by mortars from the
Forum of Julius Caesar (46 to 44 BC). In the underlying soil horizon, however, translocated
halloysite overlies opal and poorly crystalline clay surface coatings. Imperial age mortars, as
from the Forum and Markets of Trajan (AD 96 to 115), show strong reactivity of these
components, altered scoria groundmass, and zeolites with hydrated lime. Romans deliberately
selected this alkali-rich ash for optimal performance of pozzolanic concretes.
Type
article
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