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Carbonate assimilation in magmas: a reappraisal based on experimental petrology
Author(s)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
3-4/114(2010)
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages (printed)
503-514
Issued date
2010
Keywords
Abstract
The main effect of magma-carbonate interaction on magma differentiation is the formation of a silica-undersaturated, alkali-rich residual melt. Such a desilication process was explained as the progressive dissolution of CaCO3 in melt by consumption of SiO2 and MgO to form diopside sensu stricto. Magma chambers emplaced in carbonate substrata, however, are generally associated with magmatic skarns containing clinopyroxene with a high Ca-Tschermak activity in their paragenesis. Data are presented from magma-carbonate interaction experiments, demonstrating that carbonate assimilation is a complex process involving more components than so far assumed. Experimental results show that, during carbonate assimilation, a diopside-hedenbergite-Ca-Tschermak clinopyroxene solid solution is formed and that Ca-Tschermak/diopside and hedenbergite/diopside ratios increase as a function of the progressive carbonate assimilation. Accordingly, carbonate assimilation reaction should be written as follows, taking into account all the involved magmatic components:
CaCO3solid+SiO2melt+MgOmelt+FeOmelt+Al2O3melt → (Di-Hd-CaTs)sssolid+CO2fluid
The texture of experimental products demonstrates that carbonate assimilation produces three-phases (solid, melt, and fluid) whose main products are: i) diopside-hedenbergite-Ca-Tschermak clinopyroxene solid solution; ii) silica-undersaturated CaO-rich melt; and iii) C-O-H fluid phase. The silica undersaturation of the melt and, more importantly, the occurrence of a CO2-rich fluid phase, must be taken into account as they significantly affect partition coefficients and the redox state of carbonated systems, respectively.
CaCO3solid+SiO2melt+MgOmelt+FeOmelt+Al2O3melt → (Di-Hd-CaTs)sssolid+CO2fluid
The texture of experimental products demonstrates that carbonate assimilation produces three-phases (solid, melt, and fluid) whose main products are: i) diopside-hedenbergite-Ca-Tschermak clinopyroxene solid solution; ii) silica-undersaturated CaO-rich melt; and iii) C-O-H fluid phase. The silica undersaturation of the melt and, more importantly, the occurrence of a CO2-rich fluid phase, must be taken into account as they significantly affect partition coefficients and the redox state of carbonated systems, respectively.
Sponsors
TRIGS Project “Sixth Framework Programme of the European Commission and to the New and Emerging Science and Technology Pathfinder".
Project FIRB MIUR “Development of innovative technologies for the environmental protection from natural events”.
Project FIRB MIUR “Development of innovative technologies for the environmental protection from natural events”.
References
Barnes, C., Prestvik, T., Sundvoll, B., Surratt, D. 2005. Pervasive assimilation of carbonate and silicate rocks in the Hortavaer igneous complex, north-central Norway. Lithos 80, 179-199.
Beard, J.S., Ragland, P.C., Crawford, M.L., 2005. Reactive bulk assimilation: A model for crustal-mantle mixing in silicic magmas. Geology 33, 681-684.
Behrens, H., Misiti, V., Freda, C., Vetere, F., Botcharnikov, R.E., Scarlato, P., 2009. Solubility of H2O and CO2 in ultrapotassic melts at 1200 and 1250 °C and pressure from 50 to 500 MPa. American Mineralogist 94, 105-120.
Botcharnikov, R.E., Freise, M., Holtz, F., Behrens, H., 2005a. Solubility of C-O-H mixtures in natural melts: new experimental data and application range of recent models. Annals of Geophysics 48, 633–646.
Botcharnikov, R.E., Holtz, F., Behrens, H., Freise, M., 2005b. The effect of redox state on the solubility of C-O-H fluids in silicate melts: new experimental evidences. EGU05-A-09237.
Carmichael, I.S.E., Ghiorso, M.S., 1990. The effect of oxygen fugacity on the redox state of natural liquids and their crystallizing phases. In Nicholls, J. and Russel, J.K. (ed.) Modern Methods of Igneous Petrology: Understanding Magmatic Process. Review in Mineralogy 24, 191-211.
Chadwick, J.P., Troll, V.R., Ginibre, C., Morga, D., Gertisser, R., Waight, T.E., Davidson, J.P., 2007. Carbonate assimilation at Merapi Volcano, Java, Indonesia: insights from crystal isotope stratigraphy. Journal of Petrology 48, 1793-1812.
Cheadle, M.J., Elliott, M.T., McKenzie, D., 2004. Percolation threshold and permeability of crystallizing igneous rocks: the importance of textural equilibrium. Geology 32, 757-760.
Coulson, I.M., Westphal, M., Anderson, R.G., Kyser, T.K., 2007. Concomitant skarn and syenitic magma evolution at the margins of the Zippa Mountain pluton. Mineralogy and Petrology 90, 199-221.
Conte, A.M., Dolfi, D., Gaeta, M., Misiti, V, Mollo, S., Perinelli, C. 2009. Experimental constraints on evolution of leucite-basanite magma at 1 and 10-4 GPa: implications for parental compositions of Roman high-potassium magmas. European Journal of Mineralogy, DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1934.
Dallai, L., Freda, C., Gaeta, M., 2004. Oxygen isotope geochemistry of pyroclastic clinopyroxene monitors carbonate contributions to Roman-type ultrapotassic magmas. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 148, 247-263.
Falloon, T.J., Green, D.H., O’Neill H.St.C., Hibberson, W.O., 1997. Experimental tests of low degree peridotite partial melt compositions: Implications for the nature of anhydrous near-solidus peridotite melts at 1 GPa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 152, 149-162.
Freda, C., Gaeta, M., Misiti., V., Mollo, S., Dolfi, D., Scarlato, P., 2008. Magma–carbonate interaction: An experimental study on ultrapotassic rocks from Alban Hills (Central Italy). Lithos 101, 397-415.
Fulignati, P., Marianelli, P., Santacroce, R., Sbrana, A., 2004. Probing the Vesuvius magma chamber-host rock interface through xenoliths. Geological Magazine 141, 417-428.
Gaeta, M., Di Rocco, T., Freda, C., 2009. Carbonate Assimilation in Open Magmatic Systems: the Role of Melt-bearing Skarns and Cumulate-forming Processes. Journal of Petrology 50, 361-385.
Gaeta, M., Freda, C., Christensen, J.N., Dallai, L., Marra, F., Karner, D.B., Scarlato, P., 2006. Time-dependent geochemistry of clinopyroxene from Alban Hills (Central Italy): clues to source and evolution of ultrapotassic magmas. Lithos 86, 330-346.
Gee, L.L., Sack, R.O., 1988. Experimental petrology of melilite nephelinites. Journal of Petrology 29, 1233-1255.
Holness, M.B., 2005. Melt-Solid Dihedral Angles of Common Minerals in Natural Rocks. Journal of Petrology 47, 791-800.
Iacono Marziano, G., Gaillard, F., Pichavant, M., 2008. Limestone assimilation by basaltic magmas: an experimental re-assessment and application to Italian volcanoes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 155, 719-738.
Kadik, A., Pineau, F., Litvin, Y., Jendrzejewski, N., Martinez, I., Javoy, M., 2004. Formation of carbon and hydrogen species in magmas at low oxygen fugacity. Journal of Petrology 45, 1297-1310.
Kamenetsky, V., Metrich, N., Cioni, R., 1995. Potassic primary melts of Vulsini (Roman Province): evidence from mineralogy and melt inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 120, 186-196.
Kawamoto, T., Hirose, K., 1994. Au–Pd sample containers of melting experiments on iron and water-bearing systems. European Journal of Mineralogy 6, 381-385.
Kerrick, D.M., 1977. The genesis of zoned skarns in the Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of Petrology 18, 144-181.
Kress, V.C., Carmichael, I.S.E., 1991. The compressibility of silicate liquids containing Fe2O3 and the effect of composition, temperature, oxygen fugacity and pressure on their redox states. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 108, 82-92.
Kushiro, I., 1990. Partial melting of mantle wedge and evolution of island arc crust. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 15929-15939.
Kushiro, I., Mysen, B.O., 2002. A possible effect of melt structure on the Mg–Fe2+ partitioning between olivine and melt. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66, 2267-2272
Kushiro, I., Walter, M.J., 1998. Mg–Fe partitioning between olivine and mafic-ultramafic melts. Geophysical Research Letters 25, 2337-2340.
Longhi, J., Walker, D., Hays, J.F., 1978. The distribution of Fe and Mg between olivine and lunar basaltic liquids. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 42, 1545–1558.
Nimis, P., 1995. A clinopyroxene geobarometer for basaltic systems based on crystal-structure modeling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 121, 115-125.
Nimis, P., Ulmer, P., 1998. Clinopyroxene geobarometry of basic magmas: An expanded structural geobarometer for anhydrous and hydrous systems. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 133, 122-135.
O’Neill, H.St.C., Eggins, S.M., 2002. The effect of melt composition on trace element partitioning: an experimental investigation of the activity coefficients of FeO, NiO, CoO, MoO2 and MoO3 in silicate melts. Chemical Geology 186, 151-181.
Peccerillo, A., 2005. The Roman Province. In: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Ed.), Plio-Quaternary volcanism in Italy. Springer New York. .
Putirka, K., 1999. Clinopyroxene + liquid equilibria. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 135, 151-163.
Putirka, K.D., 2008. Thermometers and barometers for volcanic systems. In: Putirka, K.D., and Tepley, F. (ed.) Minerals, Inclusions, and Volcanic Processes. Review in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 69, pp. 61-120.
Putirka, K., Johnson, M., Kinzler, R., Walker, D., 1996. Thermobarometry of mafic igneous rocks based on clinopyroxene-liquid equilibria, 0-30 kbar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123, 92-108.
Putirka, K., Ryerson, F.J., Mikaelian, H., 2003. New igneous thermobarometers for mafic and evolved lava compositions, based on clinopyroxene+liquid equilibria. American Mineralogist 88, 1542-1554.
Roeder, P.L., Emslie, R.F., 1970. Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 29, 275-289.
Rogers, N.W., Hawkesworth, C.J., Parker, R.J., March, J.S., 1985. The geochemistry of potassic lavas from Vulsini, central Italy and implications for mantle enrichment processes beneath the Roman region. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 90, 244-257.
Sack, R.O., Walker, D., Carmichael, I.S.E., 1987. Experimental petrology of alkalic lavas: constraints on cotectics of multiple saturation in natural basic liquids. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 96, 1-23.
Schuessler, J.A., Botcharnikov, R.E., Behrens, H., Misiti, V., Freda, C., 2008. Oxidation state of iron in phonotephritic melts. American Mineralogist 93, 1493-1504.
Sugawara, T., 1998. Review on element partitioning for olivine-liquid and plagioclase-liquid. Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan 43, 181-201.
Toplis, M.J., 2005. The thermodynamics of iron and magnesium partitioning between olivine and liquid: criteria for assessing and predicting equilibrium in natural and experimental systems. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 149, 22-39.
Wenzel, T., Baumgartner, L.P., Brugmann, G.E., Konnikov, E.G., Kislov, E.V., 2002. Partial melting and assimilation of dolomitic xenoliths by mafic magma: the Ioko-Dovyren intrusion (North Baikal Region, Russia). Journal of Petrology 43, 2049-2074.
Beard, J.S., Ragland, P.C., Crawford, M.L., 2005. Reactive bulk assimilation: A model for crustal-mantle mixing in silicic magmas. Geology 33, 681-684.
Behrens, H., Misiti, V., Freda, C., Vetere, F., Botcharnikov, R.E., Scarlato, P., 2009. Solubility of H2O and CO2 in ultrapotassic melts at 1200 and 1250 °C and pressure from 50 to 500 MPa. American Mineralogist 94, 105-120.
Botcharnikov, R.E., Freise, M., Holtz, F., Behrens, H., 2005a. Solubility of C-O-H mixtures in natural melts: new experimental data and application range of recent models. Annals of Geophysics 48, 633–646.
Botcharnikov, R.E., Holtz, F., Behrens, H., Freise, M., 2005b. The effect of redox state on the solubility of C-O-H fluids in silicate melts: new experimental evidences. EGU05-A-09237.
Carmichael, I.S.E., Ghiorso, M.S., 1990. The effect of oxygen fugacity on the redox state of natural liquids and their crystallizing phases. In Nicholls, J. and Russel, J.K. (ed.) Modern Methods of Igneous Petrology: Understanding Magmatic Process. Review in Mineralogy 24, 191-211.
Chadwick, J.P., Troll, V.R., Ginibre, C., Morga, D., Gertisser, R., Waight, T.E., Davidson, J.P., 2007. Carbonate assimilation at Merapi Volcano, Java, Indonesia: insights from crystal isotope stratigraphy. Journal of Petrology 48, 1793-1812.
Cheadle, M.J., Elliott, M.T., McKenzie, D., 2004. Percolation threshold and permeability of crystallizing igneous rocks: the importance of textural equilibrium. Geology 32, 757-760.
Coulson, I.M., Westphal, M., Anderson, R.G., Kyser, T.K., 2007. Concomitant skarn and syenitic magma evolution at the margins of the Zippa Mountain pluton. Mineralogy and Petrology 90, 199-221.
Conte, A.M., Dolfi, D., Gaeta, M., Misiti, V, Mollo, S., Perinelli, C. 2009. Experimental constraints on evolution of leucite-basanite magma at 1 and 10-4 GPa: implications for parental compositions of Roman high-potassium magmas. European Journal of Mineralogy, DOI: 10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1934.
Dallai, L., Freda, C., Gaeta, M., 2004. Oxygen isotope geochemistry of pyroclastic clinopyroxene monitors carbonate contributions to Roman-type ultrapotassic magmas. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 148, 247-263.
Falloon, T.J., Green, D.H., O’Neill H.St.C., Hibberson, W.O., 1997. Experimental tests of low degree peridotite partial melt compositions: Implications for the nature of anhydrous near-solidus peridotite melts at 1 GPa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 152, 149-162.
Freda, C., Gaeta, M., Misiti., V., Mollo, S., Dolfi, D., Scarlato, P., 2008. Magma–carbonate interaction: An experimental study on ultrapotassic rocks from Alban Hills (Central Italy). Lithos 101, 397-415.
Fulignati, P., Marianelli, P., Santacroce, R., Sbrana, A., 2004. Probing the Vesuvius magma chamber-host rock interface through xenoliths. Geological Magazine 141, 417-428.
Gaeta, M., Di Rocco, T., Freda, C., 2009. Carbonate Assimilation in Open Magmatic Systems: the Role of Melt-bearing Skarns and Cumulate-forming Processes. Journal of Petrology 50, 361-385.
Gaeta, M., Freda, C., Christensen, J.N., Dallai, L., Marra, F., Karner, D.B., Scarlato, P., 2006. Time-dependent geochemistry of clinopyroxene from Alban Hills (Central Italy): clues to source and evolution of ultrapotassic magmas. Lithos 86, 330-346.
Gee, L.L., Sack, R.O., 1988. Experimental petrology of melilite nephelinites. Journal of Petrology 29, 1233-1255.
Holness, M.B., 2005. Melt-Solid Dihedral Angles of Common Minerals in Natural Rocks. Journal of Petrology 47, 791-800.
Iacono Marziano, G., Gaillard, F., Pichavant, M., 2008. Limestone assimilation by basaltic magmas: an experimental re-assessment and application to Italian volcanoes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 155, 719-738.
Kadik, A., Pineau, F., Litvin, Y., Jendrzejewski, N., Martinez, I., Javoy, M., 2004. Formation of carbon and hydrogen species in magmas at low oxygen fugacity. Journal of Petrology 45, 1297-1310.
Kamenetsky, V., Metrich, N., Cioni, R., 1995. Potassic primary melts of Vulsini (Roman Province): evidence from mineralogy and melt inclusions. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 120, 186-196.
Kawamoto, T., Hirose, K., 1994. Au–Pd sample containers of melting experiments on iron and water-bearing systems. European Journal of Mineralogy 6, 381-385.
Kerrick, D.M., 1977. The genesis of zoned skarns in the Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of Petrology 18, 144-181.
Kress, V.C., Carmichael, I.S.E., 1991. The compressibility of silicate liquids containing Fe2O3 and the effect of composition, temperature, oxygen fugacity and pressure on their redox states. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 108, 82-92.
Kushiro, I., 1990. Partial melting of mantle wedge and evolution of island arc crust. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 15929-15939.
Kushiro, I., Mysen, B.O., 2002. A possible effect of melt structure on the Mg–Fe2+ partitioning between olivine and melt. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66, 2267-2272
Kushiro, I., Walter, M.J., 1998. Mg–Fe partitioning between olivine and mafic-ultramafic melts. Geophysical Research Letters 25, 2337-2340.
Longhi, J., Walker, D., Hays, J.F., 1978. The distribution of Fe and Mg between olivine and lunar basaltic liquids. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 42, 1545–1558.
Nimis, P., 1995. A clinopyroxene geobarometer for basaltic systems based on crystal-structure modeling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 121, 115-125.
Nimis, P., Ulmer, P., 1998. Clinopyroxene geobarometry of basic magmas: An expanded structural geobarometer for anhydrous and hydrous systems. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 133, 122-135.
O’Neill, H.St.C., Eggins, S.M., 2002. The effect of melt composition on trace element partitioning: an experimental investigation of the activity coefficients of FeO, NiO, CoO, MoO2 and MoO3 in silicate melts. Chemical Geology 186, 151-181.
Peccerillo, A., 2005. The Roman Province. In: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Ed.), Plio-Quaternary volcanism in Italy. Springer New York. .
Putirka, K., 1999. Clinopyroxene + liquid equilibria. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 135, 151-163.
Putirka, K.D., 2008. Thermometers and barometers for volcanic systems. In: Putirka, K.D., and Tepley, F. (ed.) Minerals, Inclusions, and Volcanic Processes. Review in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 69, pp. 61-120.
Putirka, K., Johnson, M., Kinzler, R., Walker, D., 1996. Thermobarometry of mafic igneous rocks based on clinopyroxene-liquid equilibria, 0-30 kbar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 123, 92-108.
Putirka, K., Ryerson, F.J., Mikaelian, H., 2003. New igneous thermobarometers for mafic and evolved lava compositions, based on clinopyroxene+liquid equilibria. American Mineralogist 88, 1542-1554.
Roeder, P.L., Emslie, R.F., 1970. Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 29, 275-289.
Rogers, N.W., Hawkesworth, C.J., Parker, R.J., March, J.S., 1985. The geochemistry of potassic lavas from Vulsini, central Italy and implications for mantle enrichment processes beneath the Roman region. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 90, 244-257.
Sack, R.O., Walker, D., Carmichael, I.S.E., 1987. Experimental petrology of alkalic lavas: constraints on cotectics of multiple saturation in natural basic liquids. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 96, 1-23.
Schuessler, J.A., Botcharnikov, R.E., Behrens, H., Misiti, V., Freda, C., 2008. Oxidation state of iron in phonotephritic melts. American Mineralogist 93, 1493-1504.
Sugawara, T., 1998. Review on element partitioning for olivine-liquid and plagioclase-liquid. Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan 43, 181-201.
Toplis, M.J., 2005. The thermodynamics of iron and magnesium partitioning between olivine and liquid: criteria for assessing and predicting equilibrium in natural and experimental systems. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 149, 22-39.
Wenzel, T., Baumgartner, L.P., Brugmann, G.E., Konnikov, E.G., Kislov, E.V., 2002. Partial melting and assimilation of dolomitic xenoliths by mafic magma: the Ioko-Dovyren intrusion (North Baikal Region, Russia). Journal of Petrology 43, 2049-2074.
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