Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5312| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.authorall | Etiope, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2009-12-03T09:06:33Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2009-12-03T09:06:33Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 2009-03 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5312 | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Recent studies have shown that geological emissions of methane are an important greenhouse-gas source. Remarkable amounts of methane, estimated in the order of 40-60 Tg yr-1, are naturally released into the atmosphere from the Earth’s crust through faults and fractured rocks. The main source is natural gas, both microbial and thermogenic, produced in hydrocarbon-prone sedimentary basins and injected into the atmosphere through macro-seeps (onshore and offshore mud volcanoes and other seeps) and microseepage, an invisible but pervasive flux from the soil. This source is now evaluated for Europe on the basis of a literature survey, new field measurements and derived emission factors. The up-scaling criteria recommended by the EMEP/CORINAIR guidelines are applied to the local point and area source data. In Europe, 25 countries host oil and/or natural gas reservoirs and potentially, or actually, emit geological methane. Flux data, however, are available only from 10 countries: the onshore or offshore petroliferous sectors of Denmark, Italy, Greece, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom and Black Sea countries (Bulgaria, Ukraine, Georgia). Azerbaijan, whose emissions due to mud volcanism are known to be relevant, is included in the estimate. The sum of emissions, regional estimates and local measurements, related to macro-seeps leads to a conservative total value of about 2.2 Tg yr-1. Together with the potential microseepage fluxes from the petroliferous basins, estimated on the basis of the Total Petroleum System concept (around 0.8 Tg yr-1), the total European seepage is projected to 3 Tg yr-1. This preliminary figure would represent, in terms of magnitude, the second natural methane source for Europe after wetlands. The estimate will have to be refined by increasing the number of seepage measurements both on lands, where there is high potential for microseepage (e.g., Germany, Hungary, Romania, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Georgia) and in coastal marine areas (the North Sea, the Black Sea, offshore Greece and Italy) where emission factors and the extent of the underwater seeping area are not completely known. | en |
| dc.language.iso | English | en |
| dc.publisher.name | Elsevier Ltd. | en |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Atmospheric Environment | en |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | 7/43 (2009) | en |
| dc.subject | Methane | en |
| dc.subject | Natural emissions | en |
| dc.subject | Geological sources | en |
| dc.subject | Seepage | en |
| dc.title | Natural emissions of methane from geological seepage in Europe | en |
| dc.type | article | en |
| dc.description.status | Published | en |
| dc.type.QualityControl | Peer-reviewed | en |
| dc.description.pagenumber | 1430-1443 | en |
| dc.subject.INGV | 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.014 | en |
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Case histories of microbial prospection for oil and gas, onshore and offshore northwest Europe. In: Schumacher, D., LeSchack, L.A. (Eds.), Surface Exploration Case Histories: Applications of Geochemistry, Magnetics and Remote Sensing, AAPG Studies in Geology No. 48 and SEG Geophys. Ref. Series No. 11, pp. 453-479. | en |
| dc.description.obiettivoSpecifico | 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi | en |
| dc.description.journalType | JCR Journal | en |
| dc.description.fulltext | reserved | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Etiope, G. | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia | en |
| item.openairetype | article | - |
| item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
| item.languageiso639-1 | en | - |
| item.grantfulltext | restricted | - |
| item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf | - |
| item.fulltext | With Fulltext | - |
| crisitem.author.dept | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia | - |
| crisitem.author.orcid | 0000-0001-8614-4221 | - |
| crisitem.author.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
| crisitem.classification.parent | 03. Hydrosphere | - |
| crisitem.department.parentorg | Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia | - |
| Appears in Collections: | Article published / in press | |
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