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Ground deformation induced by geothermal processes: a model for La Fossa Crater (Vulcano Island, Italy)
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
/113 (2008)
Publisher
AGU
Pages (printed)
B07402
Issued date
July 2008
Keywords
Abstract
Since the last eruption in 1888-90, volcanic activity at Vulcano Island (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy) has been limited to fumarolic degassing, concentrated near the active cone of “La Fossa” crater in the northern sector of the island. During the period 1990-1996, EDM and levelling data indicate a deflation and contraction focused on the La Fossa Cone. We jointly inverted these datasets using for volume change both a spherical Mogi (1958) source and an ellipsoid as defined by Davis (1986). The best fitting source for the 1990-96 deflation is a shallow sub-vertical prolate ellipsoid positioned roughly under the crater. Our model is consistent with increased activity in a shallow hydrothermal system, supported by observations of water evaporation testified by the increase of steam emission and temperature at crater fumaroles. The fluid loss from a shallow geothermal reservoir is the most likely cause of the subsidence recorded at La Fossa Cone during the same period.
This clear linkage between the deformation signals and hydrothermal activity, has important implications in the hazard assessment and monitoring of the Vulcano activity.
This clear linkage between the deformation signals and hydrothermal activity, has important implications in the hazard assessment and monitoring of the Vulcano activity.
References
Barberi, F., G. Neri, M. Valenza, and L. Villari (1991), 1987–1990 unrest at Vulcano, Acta Vulcanol., 1, 95– 106.
Battaglia M., C. Troise, F. Obrizzo, F. Pingue and G. De Natale (2006), Evidence for fluid migration as source of deformation at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01307, doi: 10.1029/2005GL024904.
Berrino, G. (1994), Gravity changes induced by height-mass variations at the Campi Flegrei caldera, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 61, 293– 309.
Berrino, G., G. Corrado, G. Luongo, and B. Toro (1984), Ground deformation and gravity changes accompanying the 1982 Pozzuoli uplift, Bull.Volcanol., 47, 187– 200.
Bonaccorso A., G. Falzone and S. Gambino (1999), An Investigation into Shallow Borehole Tiltmeters, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 11, pp. 1637-1640.
Bonaccorso A., O. Campisi, O. Consoli, G. Falzone, S. Gambino, G. Laudani, M. Mattia, B. Puglisi, M. Rossi, R. Velardita and L. Villari (2000), Discrete (EDM and GPS) and continuous (tilt and GPS) deformation monitoring, In: Data related to eruptive activity unrest phenomena and other observations on the italian active volcanoes in 1996, L. Villari editor, Acta Volcanologica, 12 (1-2), 111-114.
Bonafede M., (1991), Hot Fluid Migration: an Efficient Source of Ground Deformation. Application to the 1982-85 Crysis at Campi Flegrei-Italy. Journ. Volc. Geoth. Res. 48, 187-198
Bonafede, M., and M. Mazzanti (1998), Modelling gravity variations consistent with ground deformation in the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy, J. Volcanol Geotherm. Res., 81, 137– 157.
Capasso, G., R. Favara, S. Francofonte, and S. Inguaggiato (1999), Chemical and isotopic variations in fumarolic discharge and thermal waters at Vulcano Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) during 1996: Evidence of resumed volcanic activity, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 88, 167– 175.
Chiodini, G., M. Cioni, L. Marini, and C. Panichi (1995), Origin of the fumarolic fluids of Vulcano Island, Italy, and implications for the volcanic surveillance, Bull. Volcanol., 57, 99– 110.
Chiodini, G., M. Todesco, S. Caliro, C. Del Gaudio, G. Macedonio, and M. Russo (2003), Magma degassing as a trigger of bradyseismic events: The case of Phlegrean Fields (Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (8), 1434, doi:10.1029/2002GL016790.
Clocchiatti, R., A. Del Moro, A. Gioncada, J. L. Joron, M. Mosbah, L. Pinarelli, and A. Sbrana (1994), Assessment of a shallow magmatic system: The 1888– 90 eruption, Vulcano Island, Italy, Bull. Volcanol., 56, 466– 486.
Davis, P.M. (1986), Surface deformation due to inflation of an arbitrarily oriented triaxial ellipsoidal cavity in an elastic half-space, with reference to Kilauea, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 7429-7438.
De Astis, G., L. La Volpe, A. Peccerillo, and L. Civetta (1997), Volcanological and petrological evolution of Vulcano island (Aeolian Arc, southern Tyrrhenian Sea), J. Geophys. Res., 102 (B4), 8021– 8050.
De Natale, G., C. Troise, and F. Pingue (2001), A mechanical fluid dynamical model for ground movements at Campi Flegrei caldera, J. Geodyn., 32, 487– 517.
Gambino, S., O. Campisi, G. Falzone, A. Ferro, F. Guglielmino, G. Laudani and B. Saraceno (2007), Tilt measurements at Vulcano Island Annals of Geophysics, 50, 2, 233-247.
Gottsmann, J., H. Rymer, and G. Berrino (2006), Unrest at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy): A critical evaluation of source parameters from geodetic data inversion, J. Volcanol Geotherm., 150, 132-145.
Granieri, D., M. L. Carapezza, G. Chiodini, R. Avino, S. Caliro, M. Ranaldi, T. Ricci, and L. Tarchini (2006), Correlated increase in CO2 fumarolic content and diffuse emission from La Fossa crater (Vulcano, Italy): Evidence of volcanic unrest or increasing gas release froma stationary deep magma body?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13316,doi:10.1029/2006GL026460.
Italiano, F., G. Pecoraino, and P. M. Nuccio (1998), Steam output from fumaroles of an active volcano: Tectonic and magmatic-hydrothermal controls on the degassing system at Vulcano (Aeolian arc), J. Geophys.Res., 103, 29,829– 29,842.
Jousset P., H. Mori and H. Okada (2000), Possible magma intrusion revealed by temporal gravity, ground deformation and ground temperature observations at Mount Komagatake (Hokkaido) during the 1996-1998 crisis. Geophys. J. Int., 143, 557-574.
Keller, J. (1980), The Island of Vulcano, Rend. Soc. Ital. Mineral. Petrol., 36, 369– 414.
Massonnet, D., T. Holzer, and H. Vadon (1997), Land subsidence caused by the East Mesa Geothermal Field, California, observed using SAR interferometry, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24 (8), 901-904.
Mazzuoli R, Tortorici L, and G. Ventura (1995), Oblique Rifting in Salina, Lipari and Vulcano Islands (Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy) Terra Nova, 7, 4, 444-452.
Mogi, K. (1958), Relation between the eruptions of various volcanoes and the deformations of the ground surface around them, Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo, 36, 99– 134.
Nakaboh, M., H. Ono, M. Sako, Y. Sudo, T. Hashimoto, A. W. Hurst (2003), Continuing deflation by fumaroles at Kuju Volcano, Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, doi:10.1029/2002GL016047.
Nuccio, P. M., and A. Paonita (2001), Magmatic degassing of multicomponent vapors and assessment of magma depth: Application to Vulcano Island (Italy), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 193, 467– 481.
Nuccio, P. M., A. Paonita, and F. Sortino (1999), Geochemical modeling of mixing between magmatic and hydrothermal gases: The case of Vulcano Island, Italy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 167, 321– 333.
Nunnari, G., G. Puglisi, and F. Guglielmino (2005), Inversion of SAR data in active volcanic areas by optimization techniques, Nonlin. Proc. Geophys, 12, 863-870.
Obrizzo F., Del Gaudio C., Ferri M., Ricco C., Sepe V.and G. Luongo (1993), Vertical Ground Movements. Vulcano - Ground Deformation . Acta Vulcanologica, Vol. 3, 291-293.
Obrizzo F., Del Gaudio C.and C. Ricco (1994), Vulcano - Vertical Ground Movements, in Data Related to Eruptive Activity, Unrest Phenomena and other Observations on the Italian Active Volcanoes 1992, Editor L. Villari, Acta Vulcanologica, 6, 61-63.
Obrizzo F. (1998), Vulcano - Vertical ground movements: precise levelling. In Geophysical monitoring of the italian active volcanoes 1993-95. P. Gasperini editor, Acta Volcanologica, 10,1, 127-130.
Obrizzo F. (2000), Vulcano - Vertical ground movements: precise levelling. May 1995- May 1996, Acta Vulcanologica. Data Related to Eruptive Activity, Unrest Phenomena and other Observations on the Italian Active Volcanoes 1996, Editor L. Villari, Vol 12,1-2, 115-116.
Paonita, A., R. Favara, M. Nuccio and F. Sortino (2002), Genesis of fumarolic emissions as inferred by isotope mass balances: CO2 and water at Vulcano Island, Italy Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 759–772.
Sicardi, L. (1941), Il recente ciclo dell’attivita` fumarolica dell’isola di Vulcano, Bull. Volcanol., 7, 85– 140.
Tiampo, K. F., J. B. Rundle, J. Fernandez, and J. O. Langbein (2000), Spherical and ellipsoidal volcanic sources at Long Valley Caldera, California using a genetic algorithm inversion technique, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 102, 189– 206.
Todesco M. (1997), Origin of fumarolic fluids at Vulcano (Italy). Insights from isotope data and numerical modeling of hydrothermal circulation. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 79 : 63–85.
Waite, G. P., and R. B. Smith (2002), Seismic evidence for fluid migration accompanying subsidence of the Yellowstone caldera, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (B9), 2177, doi:10.1029/2001JB000586.
Zanon, V., M. L. Frezzotti, and A. Peccerillo (2003), Magmatic feeding system and crustal magma accumulation beneath Vulcano Island (Italy): Evidence from CO2 fluid inclusions in quartz xenoliths, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 2298, doi:10.1029/2002JB002140.
Battaglia M., C. Troise, F. Obrizzo, F. Pingue and G. De Natale (2006), Evidence for fluid migration as source of deformation at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01307, doi: 10.1029/2005GL024904.
Berrino, G. (1994), Gravity changes induced by height-mass variations at the Campi Flegrei caldera, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 61, 293– 309.
Berrino, G., G. Corrado, G. Luongo, and B. Toro (1984), Ground deformation and gravity changes accompanying the 1982 Pozzuoli uplift, Bull.Volcanol., 47, 187– 200.
Bonaccorso A., G. Falzone and S. Gambino (1999), An Investigation into Shallow Borehole Tiltmeters, Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 11, pp. 1637-1640.
Bonaccorso A., O. Campisi, O. Consoli, G. Falzone, S. Gambino, G. Laudani, M. Mattia, B. Puglisi, M. Rossi, R. Velardita and L. Villari (2000), Discrete (EDM and GPS) and continuous (tilt and GPS) deformation monitoring, In: Data related to eruptive activity unrest phenomena and other observations on the italian active volcanoes in 1996, L. Villari editor, Acta Volcanologica, 12 (1-2), 111-114.
Bonafede M., (1991), Hot Fluid Migration: an Efficient Source of Ground Deformation. Application to the 1982-85 Crysis at Campi Flegrei-Italy. Journ. Volc. Geoth. Res. 48, 187-198
Bonafede, M., and M. Mazzanti (1998), Modelling gravity variations consistent with ground deformation in the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy, J. Volcanol Geotherm. Res., 81, 137– 157.
Capasso, G., R. Favara, S. Francofonte, and S. Inguaggiato (1999), Chemical and isotopic variations in fumarolic discharge and thermal waters at Vulcano Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) during 1996: Evidence of resumed volcanic activity, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 88, 167– 175.
Chiodini, G., M. Cioni, L. Marini, and C. Panichi (1995), Origin of the fumarolic fluids of Vulcano Island, Italy, and implications for the volcanic surveillance, Bull. Volcanol., 57, 99– 110.
Chiodini, G., M. Todesco, S. Caliro, C. Del Gaudio, G. Macedonio, and M. Russo (2003), Magma degassing as a trigger of bradyseismic events: The case of Phlegrean Fields (Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (8), 1434, doi:10.1029/2002GL016790.
Clocchiatti, R., A. Del Moro, A. Gioncada, J. L. Joron, M. Mosbah, L. Pinarelli, and A. Sbrana (1994), Assessment of a shallow magmatic system: The 1888– 90 eruption, Vulcano Island, Italy, Bull. Volcanol., 56, 466– 486.
Davis, P.M. (1986), Surface deformation due to inflation of an arbitrarily oriented triaxial ellipsoidal cavity in an elastic half-space, with reference to Kilauea, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 7429-7438.
De Astis, G., L. La Volpe, A. Peccerillo, and L. Civetta (1997), Volcanological and petrological evolution of Vulcano island (Aeolian Arc, southern Tyrrhenian Sea), J. Geophys. Res., 102 (B4), 8021– 8050.
De Natale, G., C. Troise, and F. Pingue (2001), A mechanical fluid dynamical model for ground movements at Campi Flegrei caldera, J. Geodyn., 32, 487– 517.
Gambino, S., O. Campisi, G. Falzone, A. Ferro, F. Guglielmino, G. Laudani and B. Saraceno (2007), Tilt measurements at Vulcano Island Annals of Geophysics, 50, 2, 233-247.
Gottsmann, J., H. Rymer, and G. Berrino (2006), Unrest at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy): A critical evaluation of source parameters from geodetic data inversion, J. Volcanol Geotherm., 150, 132-145.
Granieri, D., M. L. Carapezza, G. Chiodini, R. Avino, S. Caliro, M. Ranaldi, T. Ricci, and L. Tarchini (2006), Correlated increase in CO2 fumarolic content and diffuse emission from La Fossa crater (Vulcano, Italy): Evidence of volcanic unrest or increasing gas release froma stationary deep magma body?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13316,doi:10.1029/2006GL026460.
Italiano, F., G. Pecoraino, and P. M. Nuccio (1998), Steam output from fumaroles of an active volcano: Tectonic and magmatic-hydrothermal controls on the degassing system at Vulcano (Aeolian arc), J. Geophys.Res., 103, 29,829– 29,842.
Jousset P., H. Mori and H. Okada (2000), Possible magma intrusion revealed by temporal gravity, ground deformation and ground temperature observations at Mount Komagatake (Hokkaido) during the 1996-1998 crisis. Geophys. J. Int., 143, 557-574.
Keller, J. (1980), The Island of Vulcano, Rend. Soc. Ital. Mineral. Petrol., 36, 369– 414.
Massonnet, D., T. Holzer, and H. Vadon (1997), Land subsidence caused by the East Mesa Geothermal Field, California, observed using SAR interferometry, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24 (8), 901-904.
Mazzuoli R, Tortorici L, and G. Ventura (1995), Oblique Rifting in Salina, Lipari and Vulcano Islands (Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy) Terra Nova, 7, 4, 444-452.
Mogi, K. (1958), Relation between the eruptions of various volcanoes and the deformations of the ground surface around them, Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo, 36, 99– 134.
Nakaboh, M., H. Ono, M. Sako, Y. Sudo, T. Hashimoto, A. W. Hurst (2003), Continuing deflation by fumaroles at Kuju Volcano, Japan, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, doi:10.1029/2002GL016047.
Nuccio, P. M., and A. Paonita (2001), Magmatic degassing of multicomponent vapors and assessment of magma depth: Application to Vulcano Island (Italy), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 193, 467– 481.
Nuccio, P. M., A. Paonita, and F. Sortino (1999), Geochemical modeling of mixing between magmatic and hydrothermal gases: The case of Vulcano Island, Italy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 167, 321– 333.
Nunnari, G., G. Puglisi, and F. Guglielmino (2005), Inversion of SAR data in active volcanic areas by optimization techniques, Nonlin. Proc. Geophys, 12, 863-870.
Obrizzo F., Del Gaudio C., Ferri M., Ricco C., Sepe V.and G. Luongo (1993), Vertical Ground Movements. Vulcano - Ground Deformation . Acta Vulcanologica, Vol. 3, 291-293.
Obrizzo F., Del Gaudio C.and C. Ricco (1994), Vulcano - Vertical Ground Movements, in Data Related to Eruptive Activity, Unrest Phenomena and other Observations on the Italian Active Volcanoes 1992, Editor L. Villari, Acta Vulcanologica, 6, 61-63.
Obrizzo F. (1998), Vulcano - Vertical ground movements: precise levelling. In Geophysical monitoring of the italian active volcanoes 1993-95. P. Gasperini editor, Acta Volcanologica, 10,1, 127-130.
Obrizzo F. (2000), Vulcano - Vertical ground movements: precise levelling. May 1995- May 1996, Acta Vulcanologica. Data Related to Eruptive Activity, Unrest Phenomena and other Observations on the Italian Active Volcanoes 1996, Editor L. Villari, Vol 12,1-2, 115-116.
Paonita, A., R. Favara, M. Nuccio and F. Sortino (2002), Genesis of fumarolic emissions as inferred by isotope mass balances: CO2 and water at Vulcano Island, Italy Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 759–772.
Sicardi, L. (1941), Il recente ciclo dell’attivita` fumarolica dell’isola di Vulcano, Bull. Volcanol., 7, 85– 140.
Tiampo, K. F., J. B. Rundle, J. Fernandez, and J. O. Langbein (2000), Spherical and ellipsoidal volcanic sources at Long Valley Caldera, California using a genetic algorithm inversion technique, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 102, 189– 206.
Todesco M. (1997), Origin of fumarolic fluids at Vulcano (Italy). Insights from isotope data and numerical modeling of hydrothermal circulation. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 79 : 63–85.
Waite, G. P., and R. B. Smith (2002), Seismic evidence for fluid migration accompanying subsidence of the Yellowstone caldera, J. Geophys. Res., 107 (B9), 2177, doi:10.1029/2001JB000586.
Zanon, V., M. L. Frezzotti, and A. Peccerillo (2003), Magmatic feeding system and crustal magma accumulation beneath Vulcano Island (Italy): Evidence from CO2 fluid inclusions in quartz xenoliths, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 2298, doi:10.1029/2002JB002140.
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