Earth-prints: Variability in the vertical structure of the water column and paleoproductivity reconstruction in the central-western Mediterranean during the Late Pleistocene

Allen, J.I., Somerfield, P.J., Siddorn, J., 2002. Primary and bacterial production

in the Mediterranean Sea: a modelling study. Journal of Marine Systems

33–34, 473–495.

Andruleit, H., Stäger, S., Rogalla, U., Cepek, P., 2003. Living coccolithophores in

the northern Arabian Sea: ecological tolerances and environmental

control. Marine Micropaleontology 49, 157–181.

Andruleit, H., Rogalla, U., Stäger, S., 2005. Living coccolithophores recorded

during the onset of upwelling conditions off Oman in the western

Arabian Sea. Journal of Nannoplankton Research 27, 1–14.

Astraldi, M., Balopulos, S., Candela, J., Font, J., Gačić, M., Gasparini, G.P., Manca,

B., Theocharis, A., Tintorè, J., 1999. The role of straits and channels in

understanding the characteristics of Mediterranean circulation. Progress

in Oceanography 44, 65–108.

Astraldi, M., Gasparini, G.P., Vetrano, A., Vignudelli, S., 2002. Hydrographic

characteristics and interannual variability of water masses in the central

Mediterranean: a sensitivity test for long-term changes in the Mediterranean

Sea. Deep-Sea Research I 49, 661–680.

Bar-Matthews,M., Ayalon, A., Kaufman, A., 2000. Timing and hydrological

conditions of Sapropel events in the Eastern Mediterranean, as

evident from speleothems, Soreq cave, Israel. Chemical Geology 169,

145–156.

Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., Gilmour, M., Matthews, A., Hawkesworth, C.,

2003. Sea-land oxygen isotopic relationships from planktonic foraminifera

and speleothems in the Eastern Mediterranean region and their

implication for paleorainfall during interglacial intervals. Geochimica et

Cosmochimica Acta 67, 3181–3199.

Baumann, K.-H., Young, J.R., Cachão, M., Ziveri, P., 2000. Biometric study of

Coccolithus pelagicus and its palaeoenvironmental utility. Journal of

Nannoplankton Research 22, 82.

Bé, A.W.H., Tolderlund, D.S., 1971. Distribution and ecology of living

planktonic foraminifera in surface waters of the Atlantic and Indian

Oceans. In: Funnel, B.M., Riedel, W.R. (Eds.), The Micropaleontology of

Oceans. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 105–149.

Beaufort, L., Lancelot, Y., Camberlin, P., Cayre, O., Vincent, E., Bassinot, F.,

Labeyrie, L., 1997. Insolation cycles as amajor control of Equatorial Indian

Ocean Primary Production. Science 278, 1451–1454.

Behl, R.J., Kennett, J.P., 1996. Brief interstadial events in the Santa Barbara

basin, NE Pacific, during the past 60 kyr. Nature 379, 243–246.

Bergametti, G., Gomes, L., Remondaki, E., Desbois, M., Martin, D., Buat-Menard,

P., 1989. Present day transport and deposition patterns of African dusts to

the northwestern Mediterranean. In: Leinen, M., Sarnthein, M. (Eds.),

Paleoclimatology and paleometeorology: modern and past patterns of

global atmospheric transport. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 227–252.

Bethoux, J.P., 1979. Budgets of the Mediterranean Sea. Their dependance on

the local climate and on the characteristics of the Atlantic waters.

Oceanologica Acta 2, 157–163.

Bethoux, J.P., Morin, C., Gentili, B., 1992. Phosphorous and nitrogen behaviour

in the Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Research II 39, 1641–1654.

Bethoux, J.P., Morin, C., Chaumery, C., Connon, O., Gentili, B., Ruiz-Pino, D.,

1998. Nutrients in the Mediterranean Sea, mass balance and statistical

analysis of concentrations with respect to environmental change. Marine

Chemistry 63, 155–169.

Bethoux, J.P., Gentili, B., Morin, P., Nicolas, E., Pierre, C., Ruiz-Pino, D., 1999.

The Mediterranean Sea: a miniature ocean for climatic and environmental

studies and a key for the climatic functioning of the North

Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography 44, 131–146.

Bolli, H.M., Saunders, J.B., Perch-Nielsen, K., 1985. Plankton Stratigraphy,

Volume 1 — Planktic Foraminifera, Calcareous Nannofossils and

Calpionellids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 1–599.

Bond, G., Broecker,W., Johnson, S., Jouzel, J., Labeyrie, L., McManus, J., Bonani,

G., 1993. Correlations between climate records from North Atlantic

sediments and Greenland ice. Nature 365, 143–147.

Bopp, L., Kohfeld, K.E., Le Quéré, C., Aumont, O., 2003. Dust impact on marine

biota and atmospheric CO2 during glacial periods. Paleoceanography 18.

doi:10.1029/2002PA000810.

Böttcher, M.E., Rinna, J., Warning, B., Wehausen, R., Howell, M.W., Schnetger,

B., Stein, R., 2003. Geochemistry of sediments from the connection

between the western and the eastern Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Sicily,

ODP Site 963). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 190,

165–194.

von Breymann, M.T., Emeis, K.-C., Suess, E., 1992.Water depth and diagenetic

constraints on the use of the barium as a palaeoproductivity indicator. In:

Summerhayes, C.P., Prell, W.L., Emeis, K.-C. (Eds.), Upwelling Systems:

Evolution Since the Early Miocene. Geological Society Special Publication,

vol. 64, pp. 273–284.

Bukry, D., 1974. Coccoliths as paleosalinity indicators: evidence from the

Black Sea. In: Degens, E.T., Ross, D.A. (Eds.), The Black Sea — Geology, Chemistry and Biology. American Association of Petroleum Geologists,

vol. 20, pp. 353–363.

Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O., Pelejero, C., Canals, M., Sierro, F.J., Flores, J.A.,

Shackleton, N., 1999. Dansgaard-Oeschger and Heinrich event imprints

in Alboran Sea paleotemperatures. Paleoceanography 14, 698–705.

Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O., Sierro, F.J., Shackleton, N., Canals, M., 2000. Evidence

for enhanced Mediterranean thermohaline circulation during rapid

climatic coolings. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 183, 417–429.

Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O., Canals, M., Sbaffi, L., Shackleton, N., Schönfeld, J., Zahn,

R., 2001. Variability of the western Mediterranean Sea surface temperature

during the last 25,000 years and its connection with the northern

hemisphere climatic changes. Paleoceanography 16, 40–52.

Cachão, M., Moita, M.T., 2000. Coccolithus pelagicus, a productivity proxy

related to moderate fronts offWestern Iberia. Marine Micropaleontology

39, 131–155.

Calvert, S.E., 1983. Geochemistry of Pleistocene sapropels and associated

sediments from the Eastern Mediterranean. Oceanologica Acta 6,

255–267.

Calvo, E., Pelejero, C., Logan, G.A., De Deckker, P., 2004. Dust-induced changes

in phytoplankton composition in the Tasman Sea during the last four

glacial cycles. Paleoceanography 19. doi:10.1029/2003PA000992.

Cane, T., Rohling, E.J., Kemp, A.E.S., Cooke, S., Pearce, R.B., 2002. Highresolution

stratigraphic framework for Mediterranean sapropel S5:

defining temporal relationships between records of Eemian climate

variability. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 183,

87–101.

Capotondi, L., Vigliotti, L., 1999. Magnetic and microfaunal characterization of

the Late Quaternary sediments from the Western Mediterranean:

inferences about sapropel formation and paleoceanographic implications.

In: Zahn, R., Comas, M.C., Klaus, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean

Drilling Program,. . Scientific Results, vol. 161. Ocean Drilling Program,

College Station, TX, pp. 505–518.

Casford, J.S.L., Rohling, E.J., Abu-Zied, R.H., Fontanier, C., Jorissen, F.J., Leng, M.J.,

Schmiedl, G., Thomson, J., 2003. A dynamic concept for eastern

Mediterranean circulation and oxygenation during sapropel formation.

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 190, 103–119.

Castradori, D., 1993a. Calcareous nannofossils and the origin of eastern

Mediterranean sapropels. Paleoceanography 8, 459–471.

Castradori, D., 1993b. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and biochronology

in eastern Mediterranean deep-sea cores. Rivista Italiana di

Paleontologia 99, 107–126.

Colmenero-Hidalgo, E., Flores, J.-A., Sierro, F.J., Bárcena, M.A., Löwemark, L.,

Schönfeld, J., Grimalt, J.O., 2004. Ocean surface water response to shortterm

climate changes revealed by coccolithophores from the Gulf of

Cadiz (NE Atlantic) and Alboran Sea (W Mediterranean). Palaeogeography,

Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 205, 317–336.

Cortés, M.Y., Bollmann, J., Thierstein, H.R., 2001. Coccolithophore ecology at

HOT station ALOHA, Hawaii. Deep-Sea Research II 48, 1957–1981.

Coste, B., Le Corre, P., Minas, H.J., 1988. Re-evaluation of the nutrient

exchanges in the Strait of Gibraltar. Deep-Sea Research Part I 35,

767–775.

Crispi, G., Crise, A., Mauri, E., 1999. A seasonal three-dimensional study of the

nitrogen cycle in the Mediterranean Sea: part II. Verification of the

energy constrained trophic model. Journal of Marine Systems 20,

357–380.

Cros, L., Fortuño, J.-M., 2002. Atlas of Northwestern Mediterranean

Coccolithophores. Scientia Marina 66 (Suppl. 1), 7–182.

Dansgaard, W., Johnsen, S.J., Clausen, H.B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gundestrup, N.S.,

Hammer, C.U., Hvidberg, C.S., Steffensen, J.P., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A.E.,

Jouzel, J., Bond, G., 1993. Evidence for general instability of past climate

from a 250-kyr ice-core record. Nature 364, 218–220.

Dinarès-Turell, J., Sagnotti, L., Roberts, A.P., 2002. Relative geomagnetic

paleointensity from the Jaramillo subchron to the Matuyama/Bruhnes

boundary as recorded in a Mediterranean piston core. Earth and

Planetary Science Letters 194, 327–341.

Dinarès-Turell, J., Hoogakker, B.A.A., Roberts, A.P., Rohling, E.J., Sagnotti, L.,

2003. Quaternary climatic control of biogenic magnetite production and

eolian dust impact in cores from the Mediterranean Sea. Palaeogeography,

Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 190, 195–209.

Di Stefano, E., 1998. Calcareous nannofossil quantitative biostratigraphy of

Holes 963E and 963B (Eastern Mediterranean). In: Emeis, K.-C.,

Robertson, A.H.F., Richter, C., Camerlenghi, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the

Ocean Drilling Program. . Scientific Results, vol. 160. Ocean Drilling

Program, College Station, TX, pp. 99–112.

Di Stefano, E., Incarbona, A., 2004. High resolution paleoenvironmental

reconstruction of the ODP-963D Hole (Sicily Channel) during the last

deglaciation, based on calcareous nannofossils. Marine Micropaleontology

52, 241–254.

Fatela, F., Taborda, R., 2002. Confidence limits of species proportions in

microfossil assemblages. Marine Micropaleontology 45, 169–174.

Flores, J.-A., Sierro, F.J., Francés, G., Vázquez, A.,1997. The last 100,000 years in

the western Mediterranean: sea surface water and frontal dynamics as

revealed by coccolithophores. Marine Micropaleontology 29, 351–366.

Fusco, G., Manzella, G.M.R., Cruzado, A., Gačić, M., Gasparini, G.M., Kovačević,

V., Millot, C., Tziavos, C., Velasquez, Z.R., Walne, A., Zervakis, V., Zodiatis,

G., 2003. Variability of mesoscale features in the Mediterranean Sea from

XBT data analysis. Annales Geophysicae 21, 21–32.

Geisen, M., Billard, C., Broerse, A.T.C., Cros, L., Probert, I., Young, J.R., 2002. Lifecycle

associations involving pairs of holococcolithophorid species: intraspecific

variation or cryptic speciation? European Journal of Phycology 37,

531–550.

Geisen, M., Young, J.R., Probert, I., Sáez, A.G., Baumann, K.-H., Bollmann, J.,

Cros, L., De Vargas, C., Medlin, L.K., Sprengel, C., 2004. Species level

variation in coccolithophores. In: Thierstein, H.R., Young, J.R. (Eds.),

Coccolithophores. From Molecular processes to Global Impact. Springer-

Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 299–326.

Gingele, F.X., Zabel, M., Kasten, S., Bonn, W.J., N, ürnberg, C.C., 1999. Biogenic

barium as proxy for paleoproductivity: methods and limitations of

application. In: Fischer, G., Wefer, G. (Eds.), Use of Proxies in

Paleoceanography. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 365–392.

Giraudeau, J., 1992. Distribution of recent nannofossils beneath the Benguela

system: southwest African continental margin. Marine Geology 108,

219–237.

von Grafenstein, R., Zahn, R., Tiedemann, R., Murat, A., 1999. Planktonic δ18O

records at Sites 976 and 977, Alboran Sea: stratigraphy, forcing, and

paleoceanographic implications. In: Zahn, R., Comas, M.C., Klaus, A.

(Eds.), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Scientific Results,

vol. 1. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, pp. 469–479.

Grootes, P.M., Stuiver, M., White, J.W.C., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., 1993.

Comparison of oxygen isotope records from the GISP2 and GRIP

Greenland ice cores. Nature 366, 552–554.

Guerzoni, S., Molinaroli, E., Chester, R., 1997. Saharan dust inputs to the

western Mediterranean Sea: depositional patterns, geochemistry and

sedimentological implications. Deep-Sea Research II 44, 631–654.

Hagen, S., Keigwin, L.D., 2002. Sea surface temperature variability and deep

water reorganisation in the subtropical North Atlantic during isotope

stage 2–4. Marine Geology 189, 145–162.

Haidar, A.T., Thierstein, H.R., 2001. Coccolithophore dynamics off Bermuda

(North Atlantic). Deep-Sea Research II 48, 1925–1956.

Hemleben, C., Spindler, M., Anderson, O.R., 1989. Modern Planktonic

Foraminifera. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 1–363.

Henderiks, J., Bollmann, J., 2004. The Gephyrocapsa sea surface palaeothermometer

put to test: comparison with alkenone and foraminifera proxies

off NW Africa. Marine Micropaleontology 50, 161–184.

Herut, B., Zohary, T., Roberts, R.D., Kress, N., 1999. Adsorption of dissolved

phosphate onto loess particles in surface and deep Eastern Mediterranean

water. Marine Chemistry 64, 253–265.

Heusser, L., Oppo, D.W., 2003. Millennial- and orbital-scale climate variability

in southeastern United States and in the subtropical Atlantic during

Marine Isotope Strage 5: evidence from pollen and isotopes in ODP Site