Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2122/372
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dc.contributor.authorallSammis, C. G.; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-0740, sammis@earth.usc.eduen
dc.contributor.authorallRice, J. R.; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, rice@esag.harvard.eduen
dc.date.accessioned2005-08-30T13:30:13Zen
dc.date.available2005-08-30T13:30:13Zen
dc.date.issued2001-06en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2122/372en
dc.description.abstractThe source of repeating earthquakes on creeping faults is modeled as a weak asperity at a border between much larger locked and creeping patches on the fault plane. The x^(-1/2) decrease in stress concentration with distance x from the boundaryis shown to lead directly to the observed scaling <T>~<M0>^(1/6) between the average repeat time and average scalar moment for a repeating sequence. The stress drop in such small events at the border depends on the size of the large locked patch. For a circular patch of radius R and representative fault parameters, Dr = 7.6(m/R)3/5 MPa, which yields stress drops between 0.08 and 0.5 MPa (0.8–5 bars) for R between 2 km and 100 m. These low stress drops are consistent with estimates of stress drop for small earthquakes based on their seismic spectra. However, they are orders of magnitude smaller than stress drops calculated under the assumption that repeating sources are isolated stuck asperities on an otherwise creeping fault plane, whose seismic slips keep pace with the surrounding creep rate. Linear streaks of microearthquakes observed on creeping fault planes are trivially explained by the present model as alignments on the boundaries between locked and creeping patches.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNSF grants NSF-EAR-9902901 (CGS) and EAR-9805182 (JRR)en
dc.format.extent197949 bytesen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.language.isoEnglishen
dc.publisher.nameSeismological Society of Americaen
dc.relation.ispartofBulletin of the Seismological Society of Americaen
dc.relation.ispartofseries91/3(2001)en
dc.titleRepeating Earthquakes as Low-Stress-Drop Events at a Border between Locked and Creeping Fault Patchesen
dc.typearticleen
dc.typearticleen
dc.description.statusPublisheden
dc.type.QualityControlPeer-revieweden
dc.description.pagenumber532-537en
dc.identifier.URLhttp://www.ssa.orgen
dc.subject.INGV04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolutionen
dc.subject.INGV04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamicsen
dc.relation.referencesAbercrombie, R. E. (1995). Earthquake source scaling relationships from 1 to 5 ML using seismograms recorded at 2.5-km depth, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 24,015–24,036. Anooshehpoor, A., and J. N. Brune (1994). Frictional heat generation and seismic radiation in a foam rubber model of earthquakes, Pure Appl. Geophys. 142, 735–747. Anooshehpoor, A., and J. N. Brune (1998). Quasi-static slip-rate shielding by locked and creeping zones as an explanation of small repeating earthquakes at Parkfield (abstract), EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 79, F594. Ashby, M. F., and C. G. Sammis (1990). The damage mechanics of brittle solids in compression, Pure Appl. Geophys. 133, 489–521. Beeler, N. M. (2001). A simple stick-slip and creep-slip model for repeating earthquakes and its implication for micro-earthquakes at Parkfield, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. (submitted). Brune, J. N., S. Brown, and P. A. Johnson (1993). Rupture mechanism and interface separation in foam rubber models of earthquakes: a possible solution to the heat flow paradox and the paradox of large overthrusts, Tectonophysics 218, 59–67. Das, S., and B. V. Kostrov (1986). Fracture of a single asperity on a finite fault: a model for weak earthquakes? in Earthquake Source Mechanics, S. Das, J. Boatwright, and C. H. Scholz (Editors), Am. Geophys. Union, M. Ewing Vol. 6, Geophys. Monograph 37, 91–96. Ellsworth, W. L., and L. D. Dietz (1990). Repeating earthquakes: characteristics and implications, in Proc. of Workshop, XLVI, the 7th U.S.– Japan Seminar on Earthquake Prediction, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-file Rept. 90-98, 226–245. Hardebeck, J. L., and E. Hauksson (1997). Static stress drop in the 1994 Northridge, California, aftershock sequence, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 1495–1501. Marone, C., J. E. Vidale, and W. Ellsworth (1995). Fault healing inferred from time dependent variations in source properties of repeating earthquake, Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 3095–3098. Nadeau, R. M., and L. R. Johnson (1998). Seismological studies at Parkfield VI: Moment release rates and estimates of source parameters for small repeating earthquakes, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 88, 790–814. Nadeau, R. M., and T. V. McEvilly (1997). Seismological studies at Parkfield V: Characteristic microearthquake sequences as fault-zone drilling targets, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 1463–1472. Nadeau, R. M., and T. V. McEvilly (1999). Fault slip rates at depth from recurrence intervals of repeating microearthquakes, Science, 285, 718–721. Richardson, E., and T. H. Jordan (2001). Seismicity in deep gold mines of South Africa: implications for tectonic earthquakes, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. (in press). Rubin, A. M., D. Gillard, and J.-L. Got (1999). Streaks of microearthquakes along creeping faults, Nature 400, 635–641. Sammis, C. G., R. M. Nadeau, and L. R. Johnson (1999). How Strong is an asperity? J. Geophys. Res. 104, 10,609–10,619. Scholz, C. H., N. H. Dawers, J.-Z. Yu, M. H. Anders, and P. A. Cowie (1993). Fault growth and fault scaling laws: Preliminary results, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 21,951–21,961. Tada, H., P. C. Paris, and G. R. Irwin (1985). The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook, Paris Productions, Inc., Saint Louis, Missouri. Tse, S. T., R. Dmowska, and J. R. Rice (1985). Stressing of locked patches along a creeping fault, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 75, 709–736. Vidale, J. E., W. Ellsworth, A. Cole, and C. Marone (1994). Rupture variation with recurrence interval in eighteen cycles of a small earthquake, Nature 368, 624–626.en
dc.description.fulltextopenen
dc.contributor.authorSammis, C. G.en
dc.contributor.authorRice, J. R.en
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-0740, sammis@earth.usc.eduen
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, rice@esag.harvard.eduen
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item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
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crisitem.author.deptDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-0740, sammis@earth.usc.edu-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-0740, sammis@earth.usc.edu-
crisitem.author.deptDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, rice@esag.harvard.edu-
crisitem.classification.parent04. Solid Earth-
crisitem.classification.parent04. Solid Earth-
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