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Preliminary study of the Gravimetric Local Geoid Model in Jordan: case study (GeoJordan Model)
Issued date
June 2007
Issue/vol(year)
3/50 (2007)
Language
English
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increased interest in studying and defining the Local and Regional Geoid Model worldwide,
due to its importance in geodetic and geophysics applications.The use of the Global Positioning System (GPS)
is internationally growing, yet the lack of a Geoid Model for Jordan has limited the use of GPS for the geodetic applications
in the country. This work aims to present the preliminary results that we propose for «The Gravimetric Jordanian
Geoid Model (GeoJordan)». The model is created using gravimetric data and the GRAVSOFT program. The
model is validated using GPS and precise level measurements in the Amman area. Moreover, we present a comparison
using the Global Geopotential Model OSU91A and the EGM96 Model and the results showed great discrepancies.
We also present the approach used to obtain the orthometric height from GPS ellipsoidal height measurements.
We found that the error margin obtained in this work of the GeoJordan after fitting the data with GPS/leveling measurements
is about (10 cm) in the tested area whereas the standard error of the created model is about (40 cm).
due to its importance in geodetic and geophysics applications.The use of the Global Positioning System (GPS)
is internationally growing, yet the lack of a Geoid Model for Jordan has limited the use of GPS for the geodetic applications
in the country. This work aims to present the preliminary results that we propose for «The Gravimetric Jordanian
Geoid Model (GeoJordan)». The model is created using gravimetric data and the GRAVSOFT program. The
model is validated using GPS and precise level measurements in the Amman area. Moreover, we present a comparison
using the Global Geopotential Model OSU91A and the EGM96 Model and the results showed great discrepancies.
We also present the approach used to obtain the orthometric height from GPS ellipsoidal height measurements.
We found that the error margin obtained in this work of the GeoJordan after fitting the data with GPS/leveling measurements
is about (10 cm) in the tested area whereas the standard error of the created model is about (40 cm).
References
AL-BAYARI, O., G. BITELLI, A. CAPRA, D. DONIMICI, E. ERCOLANI,
G. FOLLONI, S. GANDOLFI, A. PELLEGRINELLI,
M. UNGUENDOLI and L. VITTUARI (1996): A local geoid
in the South-East of the Po Valley, in Proceedings of
the XXI Assembly European Geophysical Society, 6-10
May 1996, The Hague, The Netherlands, Session G-7
‘Techniques for local geoid determination’, 157-163.
AL-ZOUBI, A.S. (2002): The Dead Sea Basin, its structural
setting and evaporite tectonics, plate boundary zones,
Geodyn. Ser. 30, 10.1029/030GD09, 145-172.
AMOS, M.J. and W.E. FEATHERSTONE (2003): Progress towards
a gravimetric geoid for New Zealand and a single
national vertical datum, in Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting
of the International Gravity and Geoid Commission,Gravity and Geoid 2002-GG2002, Thessaloniki, Greece,
395-400.
ARABELOS, D. and C.C. TSCHERNING (2003): Globally covering
apriori regional gravity covariance models, Adv.
Geosci., 1, 143-147.
BARZAGHI, R., M.A. BROVELLI, A. MANZINO, D. SGUERSO and
G. SONA (1996): The new Italian quasi-geoid ITALGEO95,
Boll. Geod. Sci. Affini, 15 (1), 57-72.
BOTTONI, G.P. and R. BARZAGHI (1993): Fast collocation,
Bull. Geod., 67, 119-126.
DUQUENNE, H., Z. JIANG and C. LEMARIE (1995): Geoid determination
and levelling by GPS: some experiments
on a test network, in Proceedings of the IAG Symposium,
1994, Graz, Austria, 559-568.
FEATHERSTONE, W.E., M.S. DENITH and J.F. KIRBY (1998):
Strategies for the accurate determination of Orthometric
Heights, Surv. Rev., 34 (267), 278-296.
FEATHERSTONE, W.E., J.F. KIRBY, A.H.W KEARSLEY, J.R
GILLILAND, G.M. JOHNSTON, J. STEED, R. FORSBERG and
M.G. SIDERIS (2001): The AUSGeoid98 Geoid Model of
Australia: data treatment, computations and comparisons
with GPS-levelling data, J. Geod., 75, 313-330.
FOTOPOULOS, G. (2003): An analysis on the optimal combination
of Geoid, orthometric and ellipsoidal height data,
Ph.D. Thesis (University of Calgary, Department of
Geomatics Engineering, Canada).
HEISKANEN,W.A. and H. MORITZ (1967): Physical Geodesy
(W.H. Freeman and Company San Francisco), pp. 370.
KIAMEHR, R. and L.E. SJOBERG (2005): Effect of the SRTM
global DEM in the determination of a high-resolution
Geoid Model of Iran, J. Geod., 79 (9), 540-551.
KOTSAKIS, C. and M.G. SIDERIS (1999): On the adjustment
of combined GPS/levelling/geoid networks, J. Geod.,
73 (8), 412-421.
LEE, J.T. and D.F. MAZERA (2000): Concerns related to GPSderived
Geoid determination, Surv. Rev., 35 (276), 379-
397.
LEMOINE, F.G., S.C. KENYON, R.G. FACTOR, R.G. TRIMMER,
N.K. PAVLIS, D.S. CHINN, C.M. COX, S.M. KLOSKO,
S.B. LUTHCKE, M.H. TORRENCE, Y.M. WANG, R.G.
WILLIAMSON, E.C. PAVLIS, R.H. RAPP and T.R. OLSON
(1998): The development of the joint NASA GSFC and
the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA)
geopotential model EGM96, NASA/TP-1998-206861
(NASA, Washington), pp. 575.
MART, U. (2002): Modelling of different height systems in
Switzerland, presented at the IAG Third Meeting of International
Gravity and Geoid Commission, August
26-30, 2002, Thessaloniki, Greece.
MORITZ, H. (1980): Geodetic reference system 1980, Bull.
Geod., 54, 395-405.
RAPP, R.H. (1997): Use of the potential coefficient models
for geoid undulation determinations using harmonic
representation of the height anomaly/geoid undulation
difference, J. Geod., 71 (5), 282-289.
RAPP, R.H., Y.M. WANG and N.K. PAVLIS (1991): The Ohio
State 1991 geopotential and sea surface topography
harmonic coefficient model, Report 410 (Department
of Geodetic Science and Surveying, Ohio State University,
Columbus).
SIDERIS, M. and B. SHE (1995): A new, high-resolution
geoid for Canada and part of the US by the 1D-FFT
method, Bull. Geod., 69 (2), 92-108.
TSCHERNING, C.C. (1991): The use of optimal estimation for
gross-error detection in databases of spatially correlated
data, BGI, Bull. Inf., 68, 79-89.
TSCHERNING, C.C. (1994): Geoid determination by leastsquares
collocation using GRAVSOFT, Lecture Notes of
the International School for the Determination and Use
of the Geoid (DIIAR - Politecnico di Milano, Milano).
YANALAK, M. and O. BAYKAL (2001): Transformation of ellipsoid
heights to local leveling heights, J. Surv. Eng.,
127 (3), 90-103.
G. FOLLONI, S. GANDOLFI, A. PELLEGRINELLI,
M. UNGUENDOLI and L. VITTUARI (1996): A local geoid
in the South-East of the Po Valley, in Proceedings of
the XXI Assembly European Geophysical Society, 6-10
May 1996, The Hague, The Netherlands, Session G-7
‘Techniques for local geoid determination’, 157-163.
AL-ZOUBI, A.S. (2002): The Dead Sea Basin, its structural
setting and evaporite tectonics, plate boundary zones,
Geodyn. Ser. 30, 10.1029/030GD09, 145-172.
AMOS, M.J. and W.E. FEATHERSTONE (2003): Progress towards
a gravimetric geoid for New Zealand and a single
national vertical datum, in Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting
of the International Gravity and Geoid Commission,Gravity and Geoid 2002-GG2002, Thessaloniki, Greece,
395-400.
ARABELOS, D. and C.C. TSCHERNING (2003): Globally covering
apriori regional gravity covariance models, Adv.
Geosci., 1, 143-147.
BARZAGHI, R., M.A. BROVELLI, A. MANZINO, D. SGUERSO and
G. SONA (1996): The new Italian quasi-geoid ITALGEO95,
Boll. Geod. Sci. Affini, 15 (1), 57-72.
BOTTONI, G.P. and R. BARZAGHI (1993): Fast collocation,
Bull. Geod., 67, 119-126.
DUQUENNE, H., Z. JIANG and C. LEMARIE (1995): Geoid determination
and levelling by GPS: some experiments
on a test network, in Proceedings of the IAG Symposium,
1994, Graz, Austria, 559-568.
FEATHERSTONE, W.E., M.S. DENITH and J.F. KIRBY (1998):
Strategies for the accurate determination of Orthometric
Heights, Surv. Rev., 34 (267), 278-296.
FEATHERSTONE, W.E., J.F. KIRBY, A.H.W KEARSLEY, J.R
GILLILAND, G.M. JOHNSTON, J. STEED, R. FORSBERG and
M.G. SIDERIS (2001): The AUSGeoid98 Geoid Model of
Australia: data treatment, computations and comparisons
with GPS-levelling data, J. Geod., 75, 313-330.
FOTOPOULOS, G. (2003): An analysis on the optimal combination
of Geoid, orthometric and ellipsoidal height data,
Ph.D. Thesis (University of Calgary, Department of
Geomatics Engineering, Canada).
HEISKANEN,W.A. and H. MORITZ (1967): Physical Geodesy
(W.H. Freeman and Company San Francisco), pp. 370.
KIAMEHR, R. and L.E. SJOBERG (2005): Effect of the SRTM
global DEM in the determination of a high-resolution
Geoid Model of Iran, J. Geod., 79 (9), 540-551.
KOTSAKIS, C. and M.G. SIDERIS (1999): On the adjustment
of combined GPS/levelling/geoid networks, J. Geod.,
73 (8), 412-421.
LEE, J.T. and D.F. MAZERA (2000): Concerns related to GPSderived
Geoid determination, Surv. Rev., 35 (276), 379-
397.
LEMOINE, F.G., S.C. KENYON, R.G. FACTOR, R.G. TRIMMER,
N.K. PAVLIS, D.S. CHINN, C.M. COX, S.M. KLOSKO,
S.B. LUTHCKE, M.H. TORRENCE, Y.M. WANG, R.G.
WILLIAMSON, E.C. PAVLIS, R.H. RAPP and T.R. OLSON
(1998): The development of the joint NASA GSFC and
the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA)
geopotential model EGM96, NASA/TP-1998-206861
(NASA, Washington), pp. 575.
MART, U. (2002): Modelling of different height systems in
Switzerland, presented at the IAG Third Meeting of International
Gravity and Geoid Commission, August
26-30, 2002, Thessaloniki, Greece.
MORITZ, H. (1980): Geodetic reference system 1980, Bull.
Geod., 54, 395-405.
RAPP, R.H. (1997): Use of the potential coefficient models
for geoid undulation determinations using harmonic
representation of the height anomaly/geoid undulation
difference, J. Geod., 71 (5), 282-289.
RAPP, R.H., Y.M. WANG and N.K. PAVLIS (1991): The Ohio
State 1991 geopotential and sea surface topography
harmonic coefficient model, Report 410 (Department
of Geodetic Science and Surveying, Ohio State University,
Columbus).
SIDERIS, M. and B. SHE (1995): A new, high-resolution
geoid for Canada and part of the US by the 1D-FFT
method, Bull. Geod., 69 (2), 92-108.
TSCHERNING, C.C. (1991): The use of optimal estimation for
gross-error detection in databases of spatially correlated
data, BGI, Bull. Inf., 68, 79-89.
TSCHERNING, C.C. (1994): Geoid determination by leastsquares
collocation using GRAVSOFT, Lecture Notes of
the International School for the Determination and Use
of the Geoid (DIIAR - Politecnico di Milano, Milano).
YANALAK, M. and O. BAYKAL (2001): Transformation of ellipsoid
heights to local leveling heights, J. Surv. Eng.,
127 (3), 90-103.
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