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Anomalous magmatic degassing prior to the 5th April 2003 paroxysm on Stromboli
Language
English
Status
Published
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
31 (2004)
Publisher
American Geophysical Union
Pages (printed)
L14607
Issued date
2004
Alternative Location
Abstract
A major explosion occurred at Stromboli on April 5 2003, being the most powerful event over a period of exceptional eruptive activity lasting from December to July.
Here, we describe results from a network of diffusive tubes set up on the Stromboli’s summit area, aimed at a characterisation of plume composition (SO2, HCl, HF) prior to and after April 5. Data analysis revealed anomalous
sulphur degassing 2–3 days before the event, when SO2/HCl ratios (9) significantly higher than those typical of quiescent degassing (1) were recorded. We interpret this exceptional plume signature as an evidence of S-rich magmas
ascending in the shallow plumbing system, and propose high SO2/HCl as a potential precursor of major explosions on the volcano. The post-April 5 phase was characterised by time-decreasing SO2/HCl and SO2/HF plume ratios, ascribed
to declining magma feeding as a prelude to restoration of ‘‘normal’’ Strombolian activity.
Here, we describe results from a network of diffusive tubes set up on the Stromboli’s summit area, aimed at a characterisation of plume composition (SO2, HCl, HF) prior to and after April 5. Data analysis revealed anomalous
sulphur degassing 2–3 days before the event, when SO2/HCl ratios (9) significantly higher than those typical of quiescent degassing (1) were recorded. We interpret this exceptional plume signature as an evidence of S-rich magmas
ascending in the shallow plumbing system, and propose high SO2/HCl as a potential precursor of major explosions on the volcano. The post-April 5 phase was characterised by time-decreasing SO2/HCl and SO2/HF plume ratios, ascribed
to declining magma feeding as a prelude to restoration of ‘‘normal’’ Strombolian activity.
References
Aiuppa, A., C. Federico, A. Paonita et al. (2002), S, Cl and F degassing as an indicator of volcanic dynamics: The 2001 eruption of Mount Etna,Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(11), 1559, doi:10.1029/2002GL015032.
Allard, P., J. Carbonelle, N. Metrich et al. (1994), Sulphur output and magma degassing budget of Stromboli volcano, Nature, 368, 326–330.
Allard, P., A. Aiuppa, H. Loyer et al. (2000), Acid gas and metal emission rates during long-lived basalt degassing at Stromboli volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1207–1210.
Allen, A. G., C. Oppenheimer, M. Ferm et al. (2002), Primary sulfate aerosol and associated emissions from Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua,
J. Geophys. Res., 107(D23), 4682, doi:10.1029/2002JD002120.
Ayers, G. P., M. D. Keywood, R. W. Gillet et al. (1998), Validation of passive diffusion samplers for SO2 and NO2, Atmos. Environ., 32, 3593–3600.
Barberi, F., M. Rosi, and A. Sodi (1993), Volcanic hazard assessment at Stromboli based on review of historical data, Acta Vulcanol., 3,
173–187.
Bertagnini, A., N. Métrich, P. Landi, and M. Rosi (2003), Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Arcipelago, Italy): An open window on the deep-feeding
system of a steady state basaltic volcano, J. Geophys. Res., 108 B7),2336,doi:10.1029/2002JB002146.
Bonaccorso, A., S. Calvari, G. Garfì et al. (2003), Dynamics of the December 2002 flank failure and tsunami at Stromboli volcano inferred
by volcanological and geophysical observations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,30(18), 1941, doi:10.1029/2003GL017702.
Burton, M., and F. Murè (2002), Helicopter-borne FTIR measurements of the summit crater plume of Stromboli, open file report, INGV-CT,
Catania, Italy.
Burton, M., P. Allard, L. Brusca, and F. Murè (2001), High resolution spectroscopic analysis of volcanic gas composition during passive and
explosive degassing at Stromboli volcano, Italy, paper presented at the Assembly, Eur. Geophys. Soc., Nice, France, 25 March.
Burton, M., P. Allard, F. Murè, and C. Oppenheimer (2003), FTIR remote sensing of fractional magma degassing at Mt. Etna, Sicily, Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc., 213, 281–293.
Carroll, M. R., and J. D. Webster (1994), Solubilities of sulfur, noble gases,nitrogen, chlorine and fluorine in magmas, in Volatiles in Magmas, edited by M. R. Carroll and J. R. Halloway, Rev. Mineral., 30, 231–279.
Falsaperla, S., and S. Spampinato (2003), Seismic insight into explosive paroxysms at Stromboli volcano, Italy, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 125,
137–150.
Ferm, M. (2001), The theories behind diffusive sampling, paper presented at the International Conference Measuring Air Pollutants by Diffusive
Sampling, Montpellier, France, 26–28 Sept.
Metrich, N., A. Bertagnini, P. Landi, and M. Rosi (2001), Crystallization driver by decompression and water loss at Stromboli volcano (Aeolian
Islands, Italy), J. Petrol., 42, 1471–1490.
Rosi, M., A. Bertagnini, and P. Landi (2000), Onset of the persistent activity at Stromboli volcano (Italy), Bull. Volcanol., 62, 294–300.
Salerno, G.,M. Burton, T. Caltabiano, E. Longo, F. Mure, and D. Condarelli (2004), Insights into the 2002–2003 eruption of Stromboli from daily
measurements of SO2 emission rates, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 6, 04175.
Allard, P., J. Carbonelle, N. Metrich et al. (1994), Sulphur output and magma degassing budget of Stromboli volcano, Nature, 368, 326–330.
Allard, P., A. Aiuppa, H. Loyer et al. (2000), Acid gas and metal emission rates during long-lived basalt degassing at Stromboli volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1207–1210.
Allen, A. G., C. Oppenheimer, M. Ferm et al. (2002), Primary sulfate aerosol and associated emissions from Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua,
J. Geophys. Res., 107(D23), 4682, doi:10.1029/2002JD002120.
Ayers, G. P., M. D. Keywood, R. W. Gillet et al. (1998), Validation of passive diffusion samplers for SO2 and NO2, Atmos. Environ., 32, 3593–3600.
Barberi, F., M. Rosi, and A. Sodi (1993), Volcanic hazard assessment at Stromboli based on review of historical data, Acta Vulcanol., 3,
173–187.
Bertagnini, A., N. Métrich, P. Landi, and M. Rosi (2003), Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Arcipelago, Italy): An open window on the deep-feeding
system of a steady state basaltic volcano, J. Geophys. Res., 108 B7),2336,doi:10.1029/2002JB002146.
Bonaccorso, A., S. Calvari, G. Garfì et al. (2003), Dynamics of the December 2002 flank failure and tsunami at Stromboli volcano inferred
by volcanological and geophysical observations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,30(18), 1941, doi:10.1029/2003GL017702.
Burton, M., and F. Murè (2002), Helicopter-borne FTIR measurements of the summit crater plume of Stromboli, open file report, INGV-CT,
Catania, Italy.
Burton, M., P. Allard, L. Brusca, and F. Murè (2001), High resolution spectroscopic analysis of volcanic gas composition during passive and
explosive degassing at Stromboli volcano, Italy, paper presented at the Assembly, Eur. Geophys. Soc., Nice, France, 25 March.
Burton, M., P. Allard, F. Murè, and C. Oppenheimer (2003), FTIR remote sensing of fractional magma degassing at Mt. Etna, Sicily, Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc., 213, 281–293.
Carroll, M. R., and J. D. Webster (1994), Solubilities of sulfur, noble gases,nitrogen, chlorine and fluorine in magmas, in Volatiles in Magmas, edited by M. R. Carroll and J. R. Halloway, Rev. Mineral., 30, 231–279.
Falsaperla, S., and S. Spampinato (2003), Seismic insight into explosive paroxysms at Stromboli volcano, Italy, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 125,
137–150.
Ferm, M. (2001), The theories behind diffusive sampling, paper presented at the International Conference Measuring Air Pollutants by Diffusive
Sampling, Montpellier, France, 26–28 Sept.
Metrich, N., A. Bertagnini, P. Landi, and M. Rosi (2001), Crystallization driver by decompression and water loss at Stromboli volcano (Aeolian
Islands, Italy), J. Petrol., 42, 1471–1490.
Rosi, M., A. Bertagnini, and P. Landi (2000), Onset of the persistent activity at Stromboli volcano (Italy), Bull. Volcanol., 62, 294–300.
Salerno, G.,M. Burton, T. Caltabiano, E. Longo, F. Mure, and D. Condarelli (2004), Insights into the 2002–2003 eruption of Stromboli from daily
measurements of SO2 emission rates, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 6, 04175.
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