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Authors: | Harris, A.* Favalli, M.* Mazzarini, F.* Pareschi, M. T.* |
Title: | Best-fit results from application of a thermo-rheological model for channelized lava flow to high spatial resolution morphological data | Journal: | Geophysical Research Letters | Series/Report no.: | / 34 (2007) | Publisher: | American Geophysical Union | Issue Date: | 4-Jan-2007 | DOI: | 10.1029/2006GL028126 | URL: | http://hdl.handle.net/2122/2362 | Keywords: | Kava Channel LIDAR thermal modeling |
Subject Classification: | 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous | Abstract: | The FLOWGO thermo-rheological model links heat loss, core cooling, crystallization, rheology and flow dynamics for lava flowing in a channel. We fit this model to laser altimeter (LIDAR) derived channel width data, as well as effusion rate and flow velocity measurements, to produce a best-fit prediction of thermal and rheological conditions for lava flowing in a ~1.6 km long channel active on Mt. Etna (Italy) on 16th September 2004. Using, as a starting condition for the model, the mean channel width over the first 100 m (6 m) and a depth of 1 m we obtain an initial velocity and instantaneous effusion rate of 0.3–0.6 m/s and ~3 m3/s, respectively. This compares with field- and LIDAR-derived values of 0.4 m/s and 1–4 m3/s. The best fit between model-output and LIDAR-measured channel widths comes from a hybrid run in which the proximal section of the channel is characterised by poorly insulated flow and the medial-distal section by well-insulated flow. This best-fit model implies that flow conditions evolve down-channel, where hot crusts on a free flowing channel maximise heat losses across the proximal section, whereas thick, stable, mature crusts of ′a′a clinker reduce heat losses across the medial-distal section. This results in core cooling per unit distance that decreases from ~0.02–0.015°C m−1 across the proximal section, to ~0.005°C m−1 across the medial-distal section. This produces an increase in core viscosity from ~3800 Pa s at the vent to ~8000 Pa s across the distal section. |
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