Options
Ground-Motion Scaling in Eastern Sicily, Italy
Language
English
Obiettivo Specifico
4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
Status
Published
JCR Journal
JCR Journal
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
2/95(2005)
Publisher
SSA
Pages (printed)
568-578
Issued date
April 2005
Abstract
We describe the characteristics of crustal wave propagation in eastern
Sicily by using the background seismicity of the area. We follow the approach described
by Malagnini, Hermann, and Di Bona (2000) and Malagnini et al. (2002).
Our data set consists of 106 earthquakes recorded by nine three-component digital
seismic stations between 1994 and 2001. We used only crustal events (depths shallower
than 25 km), with local magnitudes ranging from 1.0 to 4.3, and hypocentral
distances from 10 to 130 km.
Peak ground velocities from 1311 narrow bandpass-filtered waveforms are measured
in the frequency range 1.0–16.0 Hz, and regressed to define crustal propagation,
excitation, and site characteristics, with respect to a reference station. A subsequent
modeling effort is carried out, through the use of random vibration theory (RVT), for
obtaining a quantitative evaluation of the apparent geometrical spreading g(r), and
of the crustal quality factor Q( f ). An attenuation parameter, j0, is also evaluated
relative to a reference rock site.
The attenuation and source parameters estimated in this study are used through
the RVT in order to predict the peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA), and the
5% damping pseudoacceleration spectra (PSA).
Sicily by using the background seismicity of the area. We follow the approach described
by Malagnini, Hermann, and Di Bona (2000) and Malagnini et al. (2002).
Our data set consists of 106 earthquakes recorded by nine three-component digital
seismic stations between 1994 and 2001. We used only crustal events (depths shallower
than 25 km), with local magnitudes ranging from 1.0 to 4.3, and hypocentral
distances from 10 to 130 km.
Peak ground velocities from 1311 narrow bandpass-filtered waveforms are measured
in the frequency range 1.0–16.0 Hz, and regressed to define crustal propagation,
excitation, and site characteristics, with respect to a reference station. A subsequent
modeling effort is carried out, through the use of random vibration theory (RVT), for
obtaining a quantitative evaluation of the apparent geometrical spreading g(r), and
of the crustal quality factor Q( f ). An attenuation parameter, j0, is also evaluated
relative to a reference rock site.
The attenuation and source parameters estimated in this study are used through
the RVT in order to predict the peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA), and the
5% damping pseudoacceleration spectra (PSA).
Sponsors
This study was supported by the Ministero dell’Universita’ e della Ricerca Scientifica, Dipartimento per la Programmazione, il Coordinamento e gli Affari Economici, Servizio per lo Sviluppo e il Potenziamento delle Attivita’ di Ricerca (SSPAR), under contract FIRB,
Prot. RBAU013NRZ.
Prot. RBAU013NRZ.
References
Abrahamson, N. A., and W. J. Silva (1997). Overview, Seism. Res. Lett.
68, 9–23.
Adam, J., C.-D. Reuther, M. Grasso, and L. Torelli (2000). Active fault
kinematics and crustal stresses along the Ionian margin of southeastern
Sicily, Tectonophysics 326, 217–239.
Aki, K., and B. Chouet (1975). Origin of coda waves: source attenuation,
and scattering effects, J. Geophys. Res. 80, 3322–3342.
Akinci, A., C. Mueller, L. Malagnini, and A. Lombardi (2004). Seismic
hazard estimate in the Alps and Apennines (Italy) using historical
seismicity and regionalized predictive ground-motion relationships,
Boll. Geo. Teo. App. 45, 285–304.
Akinci, A., L. Malagnini, N. A. Pino, L. Scognamiglio, R. B. Hermann,
and H. Eyidogan (2001). High-frequency ground motion in the Erzincan
region. Turkey: inferences from small earthquakes, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am. 91, 1446–1455.
Amato, A., R. Azzara, A. Basili, C. Chiarabba, M. Cocco, M. Di Bona, and
G. Selvaggi (1995). Main shock and aftershocks of the 13 December
1990, Eastern Sicily earthquake, Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2, 255–266.
Ambraseys, N. N., K. A. Simpson, and J. J. Bommer (1996). Prediction of
horizontal response spectra in Europe, Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn.
25, 371–400.
Anderson, J. G., and S. E. Hough (1984). A model for the shape of the
Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am. 74, 1969–1993.
Anderson, J. G., and Y. Lei (1994). Nonparametric description of peak
acceleration as a function of magnitude, distance, and site in Guerrero,
Mexico, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 84, 1003–1017.
Atkinson, G. M. (2005), Ground-motion relations for earthquake in southwestern
British Columbia and northwestern Washington: crustal, inslab
and offshore events, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 95, no. 3 (in press).
Atkinson, G. M. (1993). Notes on ground-motion parameters for eastern
North America—duration and H/V ratio, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 83,
587–596.
Azzaro, R., and S. Barbano (2000). Analysis of the seismicity of the eastern Sicily: a proposed tectonic interpretation, Ann. Geofis. 43,
171–188.
Basili, A., M. Cocco, and E. Boschi (1995). Preface to the collection of
papers on the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake, Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2,
221–222.
Bay, F., D. Fa¨h, L. Malagnini, and D. Giardini (2003). Spectral shear-wave
ground motion scaling for Switzerland, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 93,
414–429.
Bodin, P., L. Malagnini, and A. Akinci (2004). Ground motion scaling in
the Kachchh basin, India, deduced from aftershocks of the 2001 MW
7.6 Bhuj earthquake, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 94, 1658–1669.
Bonaccorso, A., and D. Patane´ (2001). Shear response to an intrusive episode
at Mt. Etna volcano (January 1998) inferred through seismic and
tilt data, Tectonophysics 334, 61–75.
Boore, D. M. (1986). Short-period P- and S- wave radiation from large
earthquakes: implication for spectral scaling relation, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 76, 43–64.
Boore, D. M. (1996). SMSIM: Fortran programs for simulating ground
motion from earthquakes, version 1.0, Geol. Surv. Open-File Report
96-80A, 73 pp.
Boore, D. M. (2001). Comparison of ground motions from the 1999 Chi-
Chi earthquake with empirical predictions largely based on data from
California, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 91, 1212–1217.
Boore, D. M., and W. B. Joyner (1997). Site amplification for generic rock
sites, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 327–341.
Boore, D. M., W. B. Joyner, and T. E. Fumal (1997). Equations for estimating
horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from western
North American earthquakes: a summary of recent work, Seism.
Res. Lett. 68, 128–153.
Boschi, E., G. Ferrari, P. Gasperini, E. Guidoboni, G. Smiriglio, and G.
Valensise (Editors) (1995). Catalogo dei forti terremoti in Italia dal
461 a.C. al 1980, ING, Roma-SGA Bologna, 973 pp.
Campbell, K. W. (1997). Empirical near-source attenuation relationships
for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,
peak ground velocity, and pseudoabsolute acceleration response spectra,
Seism. Res. Lett. 68, 154–179.
Campbell, K. W. (2001). Appendix to “Strong motion attenuation relations:
community and discussion of selected relations,” in IASPEI Handbook
of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, W. H. K. Lee (Editor),
Academic Press, San Diego, California.
Cartwright, D. E., and M. S. Longuet-Higgins (1956). The statistical distribution
of the maxima of a random function, Proc. R. Soc. London
A237, 212–232.
Catalano, R., P. Di Stefano, A. Sulli, and F. P. Vitale (1996). Paleogeography
and structure of the central Mediterranean: Sicily and its offshore
area, Tectonophysics 260, 291–323.
Catalano, R., A. Franchino, S. Merlini, and A. Sulli (2000). Central western
Sicily structural setting interpreted from seismic profiles, Mem. Soc.
Geol. It. 55, 5–16.
Chouet, B., K. Aki, and M. Tsujiura (1978). Regional variation of the scaling
law of earthquake source spectra, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 68,
49–79.
Di Bona, M., M. Cocco, A. Rovelli, R. Berardi, and E. Boschi (1995).
Analysis of strong-motion data of the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake,
Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2, 283–300.
Ferrucci, F., G. Gaudiosi, A. Hirn, and R. Nicholich (1991). Ionian basin
and Calbrian Arc. Some new elements from DDS data, Tectonophysics
195, 411–419.
Finetti, F. (1982) Structure, stratigraphy and evolution of central Mediterranean,
Boll. Geofis. Teor. Appl. 24, 247–312.
Giampiccolo, E., S. Gresta, and G. Ganci (2003). Attenuation of body
waves in southeastern Sicily (Italy), Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 135,
267–279.
Harmsen, S. (1997). Estimating the diminution of shear-wave amplitude
with distance: application to the Los Angeles, California, urban area,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 888–903.
Hermann, R. B., and L. Malagnini (1996). Absolute ground-motion scaling
in the New Madrid Seismic Zone, Seism. Res. Lett. 67, 40.
Hermann, R. B., and J. Dutt (1999). High-frequency vertical ground motion
in the Pacific Northwest using PNSN data, Seism. Res. Lett. 70, 216.
Hermann, R. B., and L. Malagnini (2004). Interpretation of high-frequency
ground motion from regional seismic network observations, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am (submitted).
Jeon, Y.-S. (2000). High-frequency earthquake ground motion scaling in
Utah, Master’s Thesis, Saint Louis University, 106 pp.
Kramer, S. L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall,
Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Lay, T., and T. C. Wallace (1995). Modern Global Seismology, Academic
Press, San Diego, 521 pp.
Lentini, F., S. Carbone, and S. Catalano (1994). Main structural domains
of the central Mediterranean region and their Neogene evolution, Boll.
Geofis. Teor. Appl. 36, 103–125.
Makris, J., R. Nicolich, and W. Weigel (1986). A seismic study in the
western Ionian Sea, Ann. Geophys. 4B, 665–678.
Malagnini, L., and R. B. Hermann (2000). Ground-motion scaling in the
region of the Umbria-Marche earthquake of 1997, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 90, 1041–1051.
Malagnini, L., R. B. Hermann, and M. Di Bona (2000). Ground-motion
scaling in the Apennines (Italy), Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, 1062–1081.
Malagnini, L., R. B. Hermann, and K. Koch (2000). Regional groundmotion
scaling in central Europe, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, 1052–
1061.
Malagnini, L., K. Mayeda, A. Akinci, and P. L. Bragato (2004). Estimating
absolute site effects, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 94, 1343–1352.
Malagnini, L., A. Akinci, R. B. Hermann, N. A. Pino, and L. Scognamiglio
(2002). Characteristics of the ground motion in northeastern Italy,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 92, 2186–2204.
Ortega, R., R. B. Hermann, and L. Quintinar (2002). High-frequency earthquake
ground-motion scaling in central Mexico between 0.7 and 7.0
Hz, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 93, 397–413.
Raoof, M., R. B. Hermann, and L. Malagnini (1999). Attenuation and excitation
of three-component ground motion in southern California,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 89, 888–902.
Reuther, C.-D., Z. Ben-Avraham, and M. Grasso (1993). Origin and role
of the major strike-slip transfer during plate collision in the central
Mediterranean, Terra Nova 5, 249–257.
Rodriguez, M., J. Havskov, and J. S. Singh (1983). Q from coda waves
near Petatlan, Guerrero, Mexico, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, 321–326.
Sabetta, F., and A. Pugliese (1987). Attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration
and velocity from Italian strong-motion records, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am. 77, 1491–1511.
Sabetta, F., and A. Pugliese (1996). Estimation of response spectra and
simulation of nonstationary earthquake ground motion, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am. 86, 337–352.
Sadigh, K., C.-Y. Chang, J. A. Egan, F. Makdisi, and R. R. Youngs (1997).
Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on
California strong motion data, Seism. Res. Lett. 68, 180–189.
Samiezade-Yazde, M. R. (1993). Ground-motion studies in the Southern
Great Basin of Nevada and California, Ph.D. Thesis, Saint Louis University,
203 pp.
Sirovich, L., and F. Pettenati (1999). Seismotectonic outline of Southeastern
Sicily: an evaluation of available options for earthquake fault
rupture scenario, J. Seism. 3, 213–233.
Stucchi, M., A. Akinci, E. Faccioli, P. Gasperini, L. Malagnini, C. Meletti,
V. Montaldo, and G. Valensise (2004). Mappa di Pericolosita’ Sismica,
http://zonesismiche.mi.ingv.it (last accessed August 2004).
Zhu, L., and D. V. Helmberger (1996). Advancements in source estimation
techniques using broadband regional seismograms, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 86, 1634–1641.
68, 9–23.
Adam, J., C.-D. Reuther, M. Grasso, and L. Torelli (2000). Active fault
kinematics and crustal stresses along the Ionian margin of southeastern
Sicily, Tectonophysics 326, 217–239.
Aki, K., and B. Chouet (1975). Origin of coda waves: source attenuation,
and scattering effects, J. Geophys. Res. 80, 3322–3342.
Akinci, A., C. Mueller, L. Malagnini, and A. Lombardi (2004). Seismic
hazard estimate in the Alps and Apennines (Italy) using historical
seismicity and regionalized predictive ground-motion relationships,
Boll. Geo. Teo. App. 45, 285–304.
Akinci, A., L. Malagnini, N. A. Pino, L. Scognamiglio, R. B. Hermann,
and H. Eyidogan (2001). High-frequency ground motion in the Erzincan
region. Turkey: inferences from small earthquakes, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am. 91, 1446–1455.
Amato, A., R. Azzara, A. Basili, C. Chiarabba, M. Cocco, M. Di Bona, and
G. Selvaggi (1995). Main shock and aftershocks of the 13 December
1990, Eastern Sicily earthquake, Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2, 255–266.
Ambraseys, N. N., K. A. Simpson, and J. J. Bommer (1996). Prediction of
horizontal response spectra in Europe, Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn.
25, 371–400.
Anderson, J. G., and S. E. Hough (1984). A model for the shape of the
Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration at high frequencies, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am. 74, 1969–1993.
Anderson, J. G., and Y. Lei (1994). Nonparametric description of peak
acceleration as a function of magnitude, distance, and site in Guerrero,
Mexico, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 84, 1003–1017.
Atkinson, G. M. (2005), Ground-motion relations for earthquake in southwestern
British Columbia and northwestern Washington: crustal, inslab
and offshore events, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 95, no. 3 (in press).
Atkinson, G. M. (1993). Notes on ground-motion parameters for eastern
North America—duration and H/V ratio, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 83,
587–596.
Azzaro, R., and S. Barbano (2000). Analysis of the seismicity of the eastern Sicily: a proposed tectonic interpretation, Ann. Geofis. 43,
171–188.
Basili, A., M. Cocco, and E. Boschi (1995). Preface to the collection of
papers on the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake, Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2,
221–222.
Bay, F., D. Fa¨h, L. Malagnini, and D. Giardini (2003). Spectral shear-wave
ground motion scaling for Switzerland, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 93,
414–429.
Bodin, P., L. Malagnini, and A. Akinci (2004). Ground motion scaling in
the Kachchh basin, India, deduced from aftershocks of the 2001 MW
7.6 Bhuj earthquake, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 94, 1658–1669.
Bonaccorso, A., and D. Patane´ (2001). Shear response to an intrusive episode
at Mt. Etna volcano (January 1998) inferred through seismic and
tilt data, Tectonophysics 334, 61–75.
Boore, D. M. (1986). Short-period P- and S- wave radiation from large
earthquakes: implication for spectral scaling relation, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 76, 43–64.
Boore, D. M. (1996). SMSIM: Fortran programs for simulating ground
motion from earthquakes, version 1.0, Geol. Surv. Open-File Report
96-80A, 73 pp.
Boore, D. M. (2001). Comparison of ground motions from the 1999 Chi-
Chi earthquake with empirical predictions largely based on data from
California, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 91, 1212–1217.
Boore, D. M., and W. B. Joyner (1997). Site amplification for generic rock
sites, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 327–341.
Boore, D. M., W. B. Joyner, and T. E. Fumal (1997). Equations for estimating
horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from western
North American earthquakes: a summary of recent work, Seism.
Res. Lett. 68, 128–153.
Boschi, E., G. Ferrari, P. Gasperini, E. Guidoboni, G. Smiriglio, and G.
Valensise (Editors) (1995). Catalogo dei forti terremoti in Italia dal
461 a.C. al 1980, ING, Roma-SGA Bologna, 973 pp.
Campbell, K. W. (1997). Empirical near-source attenuation relationships
for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,
peak ground velocity, and pseudoabsolute acceleration response spectra,
Seism. Res. Lett. 68, 154–179.
Campbell, K. W. (2001). Appendix to “Strong motion attenuation relations:
community and discussion of selected relations,” in IASPEI Handbook
of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, W. H. K. Lee (Editor),
Academic Press, San Diego, California.
Cartwright, D. E., and M. S. Longuet-Higgins (1956). The statistical distribution
of the maxima of a random function, Proc. R. Soc. London
A237, 212–232.
Catalano, R., P. Di Stefano, A. Sulli, and F. P. Vitale (1996). Paleogeography
and structure of the central Mediterranean: Sicily and its offshore
area, Tectonophysics 260, 291–323.
Catalano, R., A. Franchino, S. Merlini, and A. Sulli (2000). Central western
Sicily structural setting interpreted from seismic profiles, Mem. Soc.
Geol. It. 55, 5–16.
Chouet, B., K. Aki, and M. Tsujiura (1978). Regional variation of the scaling
law of earthquake source spectra, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 68,
49–79.
Di Bona, M., M. Cocco, A. Rovelli, R. Berardi, and E. Boschi (1995).
Analysis of strong-motion data of the 1990 Eastern Sicily earthquake,
Ann. Geofis. 38, no. 2, 283–300.
Ferrucci, F., G. Gaudiosi, A. Hirn, and R. Nicholich (1991). Ionian basin
and Calbrian Arc. Some new elements from DDS data, Tectonophysics
195, 411–419.
Finetti, F. (1982) Structure, stratigraphy and evolution of central Mediterranean,
Boll. Geofis. Teor. Appl. 24, 247–312.
Giampiccolo, E., S. Gresta, and G. Ganci (2003). Attenuation of body
waves in southeastern Sicily (Italy), Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 135,
267–279.
Harmsen, S. (1997). Estimating the diminution of shear-wave amplitude
with distance: application to the Los Angeles, California, urban area,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 87, 888–903.
Hermann, R. B., and L. Malagnini (1996). Absolute ground-motion scaling
in the New Madrid Seismic Zone, Seism. Res. Lett. 67, 40.
Hermann, R. B., and J. Dutt (1999). High-frequency vertical ground motion
in the Pacific Northwest using PNSN data, Seism. Res. Lett. 70, 216.
Hermann, R. B., and L. Malagnini (2004). Interpretation of high-frequency
ground motion from regional seismic network observations, Bull.
Seism. Soc. Am (submitted).
Jeon, Y.-S. (2000). High-frequency earthquake ground motion scaling in
Utah, Master’s Thesis, Saint Louis University, 106 pp.
Kramer, S. L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall,
Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Lay, T., and T. C. Wallace (1995). Modern Global Seismology, Academic
Press, San Diego, 521 pp.
Lentini, F., S. Carbone, and S. Catalano (1994). Main structural domains
of the central Mediterranean region and their Neogene evolution, Boll.
Geofis. Teor. Appl. 36, 103–125.
Makris, J., R. Nicolich, and W. Weigel (1986). A seismic study in the
western Ionian Sea, Ann. Geophys. 4B, 665–678.
Malagnini, L., and R. B. Hermann (2000). Ground-motion scaling in the
region of the Umbria-Marche earthquake of 1997, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 90, 1041–1051.
Malagnini, L., R. B. Hermann, and M. Di Bona (2000). Ground-motion
scaling in the Apennines (Italy), Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, 1062–1081.
Malagnini, L., R. B. Hermann, and K. Koch (2000). Regional groundmotion
scaling in central Europe, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, 1052–
1061.
Malagnini, L., K. Mayeda, A. Akinci, and P. L. Bragato (2004). Estimating
absolute site effects, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 94, 1343–1352.
Malagnini, L., A. Akinci, R. B. Hermann, N. A. Pino, and L. Scognamiglio
(2002). Characteristics of the ground motion in northeastern Italy,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 92, 2186–2204.
Ortega, R., R. B. Hermann, and L. Quintinar (2002). High-frequency earthquake
ground-motion scaling in central Mexico between 0.7 and 7.0
Hz, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 93, 397–413.
Raoof, M., R. B. Hermann, and L. Malagnini (1999). Attenuation and excitation
of three-component ground motion in southern California,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 89, 888–902.
Reuther, C.-D., Z. Ben-Avraham, and M. Grasso (1993). Origin and role
of the major strike-slip transfer during plate collision in the central
Mediterranean, Terra Nova 5, 249–257.
Rodriguez, M., J. Havskov, and J. S. Singh (1983). Q from coda waves
near Petatlan, Guerrero, Mexico, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 73, 321–326.
Sabetta, F., and A. Pugliese (1987). Attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration
and velocity from Italian strong-motion records, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am. 77, 1491–1511.
Sabetta, F., and A. Pugliese (1996). Estimation of response spectra and
simulation of nonstationary earthquake ground motion, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am. 86, 337–352.
Sadigh, K., C.-Y. Chang, J. A. Egan, F. Makdisi, and R. R. Youngs (1997).
Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on
California strong motion data, Seism. Res. Lett. 68, 180–189.
Samiezade-Yazde, M. R. (1993). Ground-motion studies in the Southern
Great Basin of Nevada and California, Ph.D. Thesis, Saint Louis University,
203 pp.
Sirovich, L., and F. Pettenati (1999). Seismotectonic outline of Southeastern
Sicily: an evaluation of available options for earthquake fault
rupture scenario, J. Seism. 3, 213–233.
Stucchi, M., A. Akinci, E. Faccioli, P. Gasperini, L. Malagnini, C. Meletti,
V. Montaldo, and G. Valensise (2004). Mappa di Pericolosita’ Sismica,
http://zonesismiche.mi.ingv.it (last accessed August 2004).
Zhu, L., and D. V. Helmberger (1996). Advancements in source estimation
techniques using broadband regional seismograms, Bull. Seism. Soc.
Am. 86, 1634–1641.
Type
article
File(s)
No Thumbnail Available
Name
Scognamiglio_etal_bssa_2005.pdf
Size
653.1 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
f89533da2bfa4e3dc6b2e434bbaf357d