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ULF fluctuations of the geomagnetic field and ionospheric sounding measurements at low latitudes during the first CAWSES campaign
Author(s)
Language
English
Status
Published
Peer review journal
Yes
Title of the book
Issue/vol(year)
24(2006
Pages (printed)
1455–1468
Issued date
2006
Keywords
Abstract
We present an analysis of ULF geomagnetic field
fluctuations at low latitudes during the first CAWSES campaign
(29 March–3 April 2004). During the whole campaign,
mainly in the prenoon sector, a moderate Pc3-4 pulsation activity
is observed, clearly related to interplanetary upstream
waves. On 3 April, in correspondence to the Earth’s arrival of
a coronal mass ejection, two SIs are observed whose waveforms
are indicative of a contribution of the high-latitude
ionospheric currents to the low-latitude ground field. During
the following geomagnetic storm, low frequency (Pc5) waves
are observed at discrete frequencies. Their correspondence
with the same frequencies detected in the radial components
of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind speed suggests
that Alfv´enic solar wind fluctuations may act as direct
drivers of magnetospheric fluctuations. A cross-phase
analysis, using different pairs of stations, is also presented
for identifying field line resonant frequencies and monitoring
changes in plasmaspheric mass density. Lastly, an analysis
of ionospheric vertical soundings, measured at the Rome
ionosonde station (41.8 N, 12.5 E), and vertical TEC measurements
deduced from GPS signals within an European
network shows the relation between the ULF resonances in
the inner magnetosphere and thermal plasma density variations
during geomagnetically quiet conditions, in contrast to
various storm phases at the end of the CAWSES campaign.
fluctuations at low latitudes during the first CAWSES campaign
(29 March–3 April 2004). During the whole campaign,
mainly in the prenoon sector, a moderate Pc3-4 pulsation activity
is observed, clearly related to interplanetary upstream
waves. On 3 April, in correspondence to the Earth’s arrival of
a coronal mass ejection, two SIs are observed whose waveforms
are indicative of a contribution of the high-latitude
ionospheric currents to the low-latitude ground field. During
the following geomagnetic storm, low frequency (Pc5) waves
are observed at discrete frequencies. Their correspondence
with the same frequencies detected in the radial components
of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind speed suggests
that Alfv´enic solar wind fluctuations may act as direct
drivers of magnetospheric fluctuations. A cross-phase
analysis, using different pairs of stations, is also presented
for identifying field line resonant frequencies and monitoring
changes in plasmaspheric mass density. Lastly, an analysis
of ionospheric vertical soundings, measured at the Rome
ionosonde station (41.8 N, 12.5 E), and vertical TEC measurements
deduced from GPS signals within an European
network shows the relation between the ULF resonances in
the inner magnetosphere and thermal plasma density variations
during geomagnetically quiet conditions, in contrast to
various storm phases at the end of the CAWSES campaign.
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global magnetospheric oscillations directly driven by solar
wind density variations, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (A6), 1257,
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wind as direct drivers of magnetospheric pulsations, Geophys.
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Space Phys., 11, 133–154, 1973.
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in the plasmapause region, Space Sci. Rev., 80, 153–
179, 1997.
Chi, P. J., Russell, C. T., Musman, S., Peterson, W. K., Le, G.,
Angelopoulos, V., Reeves, G. D., Moldwin, M. B., and Chun,
F. K.: Plasmaspheric depletion and refilling associated with the
September 25, 1998 magnetic storm observed by ground magnetometers
at L=2, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 633–636, 2000.
Chi, P. J., Russell, C. T., Foster, J. C., Moldwin,M. B., Engebretson,
M. J., and Mann, I. R.: Density enhancement in plasmasphereionosphere
plasma during the 2003 Halloween Superstorm: Observations
along the 330th magnetic meridian in North America,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L03S07, doi:10.1029/2004GL021722,
2005.
Clilverd, M. A., Menk, F. W., Milinevski, G., et al.: In
situ and ground-based intercalibration measurements of plasma
density at L = 2.5, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A10), 1365,
doi:10.1029/2003JA009866, 2003.
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Terr. Phys., 39, 1435–1440, 1977.
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topside ionosphere and plasmasphere: A compact tutorial and
new results, Surveys in Geophys., 21, 47–87, 2000.
Francia, P. and Villante, U.: Some evidence of ground power enhancements
at frequencies of global magnetospheric modes at
low latitude, Ann. Geophys., 15, 17–23, 1997.
Francia, P., Lepidi, S., Villante, U., Di Giuseppe, P., and Lazarus,
A. J.: Geomagnetic response at low latitude to continuous solar
wind pressure variations during northward interplanetary magnetic
field, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19 923–19 930, 1999.
Greenstadt, E. W.: Field-determined oscillations in the magnetosheath
as possible source of medium-period, daytime micropulsations,
in: Proceedings of the Conference on solar Terrestrial
Relations, edited by: Venkatesan, D., University of Calgary,
Calgary, Alta, 515, 1973.
Greenstadt, E. W. and Olson, J. V.: Geomagnetic pulsation signals
and hourly distributions of IMF orientation, J. Geophys. Res., 84,
1493–1498, 1979.
Heise, S., Jakowski, N., Wehrenpfennig, A., Reigber, C., and L¨uhr,
H.: Sounding of the topside ionosphere/plasmasphere based on
GPS measurements from CHAMP: Initial results, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 29(14), doi:10.1029/2002GL014738, 2002.
Jakowski, N.: TEC monitoring by using satellite positioning systems,
in: Modern Ionospheric Science, edited by: Kohl, H.,
R¨uster, R., and Schlegel, K., European Geophysical Society,
Katlenburg-Lindau, ProduServ GmbH Verlagsservice, Berlin,
371–390, 1996.
Jakowski, N., Wehrenpfennig, A., Heise, S., Reigber, C., L¨uhr, H.,
Grunwaldt, L., and Meehan, T.K.: GPS radio occultation measurements
of the ionosphere from CHAMP: Early results, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 29(10), doi:10.1029/2001GL014364, 2002.
Kepko, L. and Spence, H.E.: Observations of discrete,
global magnetospheric oscillations directly driven by solar
wind density variations, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (A6), 1257,
doi:10.1029/2002JA009676, 2003.
Kepko, L., Spence, H. E., and Singer, H. J.: ULF waves in the solar
wind as direct drivers of magnetospheric pulsations, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 29 (8), 1197, doi:10.1029/2001GL014405, 2002.
Kessel, R. L., Mann, I. R., Fung, S. F., Milling, D. K., and
O’Connell, N.: Correlation of Pc5 wave power inside and outside
themagnetosphere during high speed streams, Ann. Geo- phys., 22, 629–641, 2004.
Kikuchi, T. and Araki, T.: Preliminary positive impulse of geomagnetic
sudden commencement observed at dayside middle and low
latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 12 195–12 200, 1985.
Kivelson, M. and Southwood, D.: Resonant ULF waves: a new
interpretation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 12, 49–52, 1985.
Kivelson, M. and Southwood, D.: Coupling of global magnetospheric
MHD eigenmodes to field line resonances, J. Geophys.
Res., 91, 4345–4351, 1986.
Krinberg, I. A. and Tashchilin, A. V.: Refilling of geomagnetic force
tube with a thermal plasma after magnetic disturbances, Ann.
Geophys., 38, 25–32, 1982.
Lepidi, S., Francia, P., Villante, U., Meloni, A., Lazarus, A. J., and
Lepping, R. P.: The Earth’s passage of the 11 April 1997 coronal
ejecta: geomagnetic field fluctuations at high and low latitude
during northward interplanetary magnetic field conditions, Ann.
Geophys., 17, 1245–1250, 1999.
Maruyama, N., Richmond, A. D., Fuller-Rowell, T. J., Codrescu,
M. V., Sazykin, S., Toffoletto, F. R., Spiro, R. W., and Millward,
G. H.: Interaction between direct penetration and disturbance
dynamo electric fields in the storm-time equatorial ionosphere,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17105, doi:10.1029/2005GL023763,
2005.
Mathie, R. A., Mann, I. R., Menk, F. W., and Orr, D.: Pc5 ULF
pulsations associated with waveguide modes observed with the
IMAGE magnetometer array, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7025–7036,
1999.
Matsushita, S.: A Study of the Morphology of Ionospheric Storms,
J. Geophys. Res., 64, 305–321, 1959.
Menk, F. W., Orr, D., Clilverd, M. A., Smith, A. J., Waters, C. L.,
Milling, D. K., and Fraser, B. J.: Monitoring spatial and temporal
variations in the dayside plasmasphere using geomagnetic field
line resonances, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19 955–19 969, 1999.
Namgaladze, A. A., F¨orster, M., and Yurik, R. Y.: Analysis of the
positive ionospheric response to a moderate geomagnetic storm
using a global numerical model, Ann. Geophys., 18, 461–477,
2000.
Olson, J. V: Pi2 pulsations and substorm onsets: a review, J. Geophys.
Res., 104, 17 499–17 520, 1999.
Orr, D. and Matthew, J. A. D.: The variation of geomagnetic micropulsation
periods with latitude and the plasmapause, Planet.
Space Sci., 19, 897–905, 1971.
Pezzopane, M.: Interpre: a Windows software for semiautomatic
scaling of ionospheric parameters from ionograms, Computers
& Geosciences, 30, 125–130, 2004.
Posch, L. J., Engebretson, M. J., Pilipenko, V. A., Hughes, W. J.,
Russell, C. T., and Lanzerotti, L. J.: Characteristics of longperiod
ULF response to magnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res., 108
(A1), 1029, doi:101029/2002JA009386, 2003.
Pr¨olss, G. W.: Ionospheric F-region storms, in: Handbook of Atmospheric
Electrodynamics, Vol. 2, edited by: Volland, H., CRC
Press, Boca Raton, 195–248, 1995.
Radoski, H. R.: A theory of latitude dependent geomagnetic
micropulsations: the asymptotic fields, J. Geophys. Res., 79,
595–603, 1974.
Reinisch, B. W.: Modern Ionosondes, in: Modern Ionospheric Science,
edited by: Kohl, H., R¨uster, R., and Schlegel, K., European
Geophysical Society, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, 440–
458, 1996.
Reinisch, B. W. and Huang, X.: Automatic calculation of electron
density profiles from digital ionograms, 3. Processing of bottomside
ionograms, Radio Science, 18, 477–492, 1983.
Rishbeth, H.: How the thermospheric circulation affects the ionospheric
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