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Pattern of seismicity in the Lucanian Apennines and foredeep (Southern Italy) from recording by SAPTEX temporary array
Author(s)
Issued date
December 2005
Issue/vol(year)
6/48 (2005)
Language
English
Abstract
The deployment of a temporary seismic network in Southern Italy during 2001-2004 (the SAPTEX array, Southern
APennine Tomography EXperiment) allowed us to relocate the hypocenters of Southern Apennines earthquakes
with low uncertainty among the location parameters. The best array distribution of the SAPTEX network
for the analysis of seismicity in the Lucanian Apennines and foredeep was reached in the first two years of
recording. The SAPTEX data were merged with those of the Italian National Seismic Network (RSNC) operated
by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). For the hypocenters computation of events in
the upper Agri Valley we also included P- and S- waves arrivals from the local Eni-Agip network. The seismicity
for the Lucanian Apennines and foredeep in the analyzed period has magnitudes ranging from 2.0 to 4.1. A
major finding is the identification of two different crustal domains: the westernmost characterizing the chain,
mostly with shallow earthquakes (within about 20 km of depth), and the easternmost one belonging to the outer
margin of the chain and to the foredeep, with deeper seismicity (mostly between 20-40 km of depth). Thirty
fault-plane solutions were computed and used for stress inversion; most of them are related to earthquakes within
the chain sector and indicate a generalized NE-SW extension. Moreover, the dense network allowed us to improve
the location of events relative to two low magnitude sequences which occurred in the study period.
APennine Tomography EXperiment) allowed us to relocate the hypocenters of Southern Apennines earthquakes
with low uncertainty among the location parameters. The best array distribution of the SAPTEX network
for the analysis of seismicity in the Lucanian Apennines and foredeep was reached in the first two years of
recording. The SAPTEX data were merged with those of the Italian National Seismic Network (RSNC) operated
by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). For the hypocenters computation of events in
the upper Agri Valley we also included P- and S- waves arrivals from the local Eni-Agip network. The seismicity
for the Lucanian Apennines and foredeep in the analyzed period has magnitudes ranging from 2.0 to 4.1. A
major finding is the identification of two different crustal domains: the westernmost characterizing the chain,
mostly with shallow earthquakes (within about 20 km of depth), and the easternmost one belonging to the outer
margin of the chain and to the foredeep, with deeper seismicity (mostly between 20-40 km of depth). Thirty
fault-plane solutions were computed and used for stress inversion; most of them are related to earthquakes within
the chain sector and indicate a generalized NE-SW extension. Moreover, the dense network allowed us to improve
the location of events relative to two low magnitude sequences which occurred in the study period.
References
AMATO, A. and G. SELVAGGI (1993):, Aftershock location and
P-velocity structure in the epicentral region of the 1980
Irpinia earthquake, Ann. Geofis., XXXVI (1), 3-25.
ANGELIER, J. (1979): Determination of the mean principal
directions of stresses for a given fault population,
Tectonophysiscs, 56, T17-T26.
ANGELIER, J. (1984): Tectonic analysis of fault slip data
sets, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5835-5848.
AZZARA, R., A. BASILI, L. BERANZOLI, C. CHIARABBA, R. DI
GIOVAMBATTISTA and G. SELVAGGI (1993): The seismic
sequence of Potenza (May 1990), Ann. Geofis.,
XXXVI (1), 237-243.
BISIO, L., R. DI GIOVAMBATTISTA, G. MILANO and C. locations
and upper crustal structure of the Sannio-
Matese region (Southern Italy), Tectonophysics, 385,
121-136.
BOSCHI, E., D. PANTOSTI, D. SLEJKO, M. STUCCHI and G.
VALENSISE (Editors) (1990): Irpinia dieci anni dopo,
Ann. Geofis., XXXVI (1), pp. 363.
CASTELLO, B., G. SELVAGGI, C. CHIARABBA and A. AMATO
(2005): CSI Catalogo della Sismicità Italiana 1981-
2002, versione 1.0. (INGV-CNT, Roma), (on line:
http://www.ingv.it/CSI/).
CHIARABBA, C. and A. AMATO (1996): Crustal velocity
structure of the Apennines (Italy) from P-wave travel
time tomography, Ann. Geofis., XXXIX (6), 1133-
1148.
CHIARABBA, C., L. JOVANE and R. DI STEFANO (2005): A
new view of Italian seismicity using 20 years of instrumental
recordings, Tectonophysics, 395, 251-268.
CIMINI, G.B., P. DE GORI and A. FREPOLI (2005): Passive
seismology in Southern Italy: the SAPTEX array, Ann.
Geophysics, 49 (2) (in press).
CPTI WORKING GROUP (1999): Catalogo Parametrico dei
Forti Terremoti Italiani (GNDT-ING-SGA-SSN), (Ed.
Compositori, Bologna), pp. 88.
CUCCI, L., S. PONDRELLI, A. FREPOLI, M.T. MARIUCCI and
M. MORO (2004): Local pattern of stress field and seismogenic
sources in the Pergola-Melandro Basin and
the Agri Valley (Southern Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 156
(3), 575-583.
DI BUCCI, D. and S. MAZZOLI (2003): The October-November
2002 Molise seismic sequence (Southern Italy); an
expression of Adria intraplate deformation, J. Geol.
Soc. London, 160 (4), 503-506.
DI LUCCIO, F., E. FUKUYAMA and N.A. PINO (2005): The
2002 Molise earthquake sequence: what can we learn
about the tectonics of Southern Italy?, Tectonophysics
405, 141-154.
EKSTRÖM, G. (1994): Teleseismic analysis of the 1990 and
1991 earthquakes near Potenza, Ann. Geofis., XXXVII
(6), 1591-1599.
FREPOLI, A. and A. AMATO (2000): Spatial variation in
stresses in Peninsular Italy and Sicily from background
seismicity, Tectonophysiscs, 317, 109-124.
FREPOLI, A., G. SELVAGGI, C. CHIARABBA and A. AMATO
(1996): State of stress in the Southern Tyrrhenian subduction
zone from fault-plane solutions, Geophys. J.
Int., 125, 879-891.
GEPHART, J. (1990a): Stress and the direction of slip on fault
planes, Tectonics, 9, 845-858.
GEPHART, J. (1990b): FMSI: a FORTRAN program for inverting
fault/slickenside and earthquake focal mechanism
data to obtain the regional stress tensor, Comput.
Geosci., 16, 953-989.
GEPHART, J. and W. FORSYTH (1984): An improved method
for determining the regional stress tensor using earthquake
focal mechanism data: application to the San
Fernando earthquake sequence, J. Geophys. Res., 89,
9305-9320.
HARABAGLIA, P., F. MONGELLI and G. ZITO (1997): Geothermics
of the Apenninic subduction, Ann. Geofis., XL
(5), 1261-1274.
LAHR, J.C. (1989): HYPOELLIPSE/Version 2.0: a computer
program for determining local earthquake hypocentral parameters, magnitude, and first motion pattern, U.S.
Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. 95, 89-116.
LUCENTE, F.P., N. PIANA AGOSTINETTI, M. MORO, G. SELVAGGI
and M. DI BONA (2005): Possible fault plane in
a seismic gap area of the Southern Apennines (Italy) revealed
by receiver function analysis, J. Geophys. Res.,
110 (B04307), doi: 10.1029/2004JB003187.
MCKENZIE, D.P. (1969): The relation between fault-plane
solutions for earthquakes and the directions of the principal
stresses, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 59 (2), 591-601.
MERLINI, S. and G. CIPPITELLI (2001): Structural styles inferred
by seismic profiles, in Anatomy of an Orogen:
the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, edited
by G.B. VAI and I.P. MARTINI (Kluwer Academic
Publishers), 441-454.
MICHAEL, A. (1984): Determination of stress from slip data:
faults and folds, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 11517-11526.
MICHAEL, A. (1985): Regional stress and large earthquakes:
An observational study using focal mechanisms, Ph.D.
Thesis (Stanford University, Stanford, California).
MICHAEL, A. (1987): Use of focal mechanisms to determine
stress: a control study, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 357-368.
MICHETTI, A.M., L. FERRELLI, E. ESPOSITO, E. PORFIDO, A.M.
BLUMETTI, E. VITTORI, L. SERVA and G.P. ROBERTS
(2000): Ground effects during the 9 september 1998,
Mw=5.6, Lauria earthquake and the seismic potential of
the «aseismic» Pollino region in Southern Italy, Seismol.
Res. Lett., 41 (1), 31-46.
MONTONE, P., M.T. MARIUCCI, S. PONDRELLI and A. AMATO
(2004): An improved stress map for Italy and surrounding
regions (Central Mediterranean), J. Geophys. Res.,
109 (B10410), doi: 10.1029/2003JB002703.
MORO, M., L. AMICUCCI, F.R. CINTI, F. DOUMAZ, P. MONTONE,
S. PIERDOMINICI and M. SAROLI (2003): Evidence
for Late Pleistocene-Holocene Activity along a Potential Seismic Source in Southern Apennines (Italy), Eos
Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 84 (46), T51D-0199.
PONDRELLI, S., A. MORELLI and G. EKSTRÖM (1998): Moment
tensors and seismotectonics of the Mediterranean
region, Ann. Geophysicae, 16 (suppl. I), C19.
PONDRELLI, S., A. MORELLI, G. EKSTRÖM, S. MAZZA, E.
BOSCHI and A.M. DZIEWONSKI (2002): European-
Mediterranean regional centroid-moment tensors: 1997-
2000, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 130, 71-101 (Quick Regional
CMT available at: http://mednet.ingv.it/events/
QRCMT/Welcome.html).
REASENBERG, P. and D. OPPENHEIMER (1985): FPFIT, FPPLOT
and FPPAGE: FORTRAN computer programs for
calculating and displaying earthquake fault-plane solutions,
U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 85-739.
RIVERA, L. and A. CISTERNAS (1990): Stress tensor and
fault-plane solutions for a population of earthquakes,
Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 80, 600-614.
VALENSISE, G. and D. PANTOSTI (Editors) (2001): Database
of potential sources for earthquakes larger than M 5.5
in Italy, Ann. Geofis., 44 (suppl. to no. 4), pp. 180 (with
CD-ROM).
VALENSISE, G., D. PANTOSTI and R. BASILI (2004): Seismology
and tectonic setting of the 2002 Molise, Italy,
earthquake, Earthquake Spectra, 20, S23.
WYSS, M., LIANG, B., W.R. TANIGAWA and X. WU (1992):
Comparison of orientations of stress and strain tensors
based on fault-plane solutions in Kaoiki, Hawaii, J.
Geophys. Res., 97, 4769-4790.
ZOBACK, M.L. (1992): First- and second-order patterns of
stress in the lithosphere: the World Stress Map Project,
J. Geophys. Res., 97 (B8), 11703-11728.
P-velocity structure in the epicentral region of the 1980
Irpinia earthquake, Ann. Geofis., XXXVI (1), 3-25.
ANGELIER, J. (1979): Determination of the mean principal
directions of stresses for a given fault population,
Tectonophysiscs, 56, T17-T26.
ANGELIER, J. (1984): Tectonic analysis of fault slip data
sets, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5835-5848.
AZZARA, R., A. BASILI, L. BERANZOLI, C. CHIARABBA, R. DI
GIOVAMBATTISTA and G. SELVAGGI (1993): The seismic
sequence of Potenza (May 1990), Ann. Geofis.,
XXXVI (1), 237-243.
BISIO, L., R. DI GIOVAMBATTISTA, G. MILANO and C. locations
and upper crustal structure of the Sannio-
Matese region (Southern Italy), Tectonophysics, 385,
121-136.
BOSCHI, E., D. PANTOSTI, D. SLEJKO, M. STUCCHI and G.
VALENSISE (Editors) (1990): Irpinia dieci anni dopo,
Ann. Geofis., XXXVI (1), pp. 363.
CASTELLO, B., G. SELVAGGI, C. CHIARABBA and A. AMATO
(2005): CSI Catalogo della Sismicità Italiana 1981-
2002, versione 1.0. (INGV-CNT, Roma), (on line:
http://www.ingv.it/CSI/).
CHIARABBA, C. and A. AMATO (1996): Crustal velocity
structure of the Apennines (Italy) from P-wave travel
time tomography, Ann. Geofis., XXXIX (6), 1133-
1148.
CHIARABBA, C., L. JOVANE and R. DI STEFANO (2005): A
new view of Italian seismicity using 20 years of instrumental
recordings, Tectonophysics, 395, 251-268.
CIMINI, G.B., P. DE GORI and A. FREPOLI (2005): Passive
seismology in Southern Italy: the SAPTEX array, Ann.
Geophysics, 49 (2) (in press).
CPTI WORKING GROUP (1999): Catalogo Parametrico dei
Forti Terremoti Italiani (GNDT-ING-SGA-SSN), (Ed.
Compositori, Bologna), pp. 88.
CUCCI, L., S. PONDRELLI, A. FREPOLI, M.T. MARIUCCI and
M. MORO (2004): Local pattern of stress field and seismogenic
sources in the Pergola-Melandro Basin and
the Agri Valley (Southern Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 156
(3), 575-583.
DI BUCCI, D. and S. MAZZOLI (2003): The October-November
2002 Molise seismic sequence (Southern Italy); an
expression of Adria intraplate deformation, J. Geol.
Soc. London, 160 (4), 503-506.
DI LUCCIO, F., E. FUKUYAMA and N.A. PINO (2005): The
2002 Molise earthquake sequence: what can we learn
about the tectonics of Southern Italy?, Tectonophysics
405, 141-154.
EKSTRÖM, G. (1994): Teleseismic analysis of the 1990 and
1991 earthquakes near Potenza, Ann. Geofis., XXXVII
(6), 1591-1599.
FREPOLI, A. and A. AMATO (2000): Spatial variation in
stresses in Peninsular Italy and Sicily from background
seismicity, Tectonophysiscs, 317, 109-124.
FREPOLI, A., G. SELVAGGI, C. CHIARABBA and A. AMATO
(1996): State of stress in the Southern Tyrrhenian subduction
zone from fault-plane solutions, Geophys. J.
Int., 125, 879-891.
GEPHART, J. (1990a): Stress and the direction of slip on fault
planes, Tectonics, 9, 845-858.
GEPHART, J. (1990b): FMSI: a FORTRAN program for inverting
fault/slickenside and earthquake focal mechanism
data to obtain the regional stress tensor, Comput.
Geosci., 16, 953-989.
GEPHART, J. and W. FORSYTH (1984): An improved method
for determining the regional stress tensor using earthquake
focal mechanism data: application to the San
Fernando earthquake sequence, J. Geophys. Res., 89,
9305-9320.
HARABAGLIA, P., F. MONGELLI and G. ZITO (1997): Geothermics
of the Apenninic subduction, Ann. Geofis., XL
(5), 1261-1274.
LAHR, J.C. (1989): HYPOELLIPSE/Version 2.0: a computer
program for determining local earthquake hypocentral parameters, magnitude, and first motion pattern, U.S.
Geol. Surv. Open File Rep. 95, 89-116.
LUCENTE, F.P., N. PIANA AGOSTINETTI, M. MORO, G. SELVAGGI
and M. DI BONA (2005): Possible fault plane in
a seismic gap area of the Southern Apennines (Italy) revealed
by receiver function analysis, J. Geophys. Res.,
110 (B04307), doi: 10.1029/2004JB003187.
MCKENZIE, D.P. (1969): The relation between fault-plane
solutions for earthquakes and the directions of the principal
stresses, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 59 (2), 591-601.
MERLINI, S. and G. CIPPITELLI (2001): Structural styles inferred
by seismic profiles, in Anatomy of an Orogen:
the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, edited
by G.B. VAI and I.P. MARTINI (Kluwer Academic
Publishers), 441-454.
MICHAEL, A. (1984): Determination of stress from slip data:
faults and folds, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 11517-11526.
MICHAEL, A. (1985): Regional stress and large earthquakes:
An observational study using focal mechanisms, Ph.D.
Thesis (Stanford University, Stanford, California).
MICHAEL, A. (1987): Use of focal mechanisms to determine
stress: a control study, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 357-368.
MICHETTI, A.M., L. FERRELLI, E. ESPOSITO, E. PORFIDO, A.M.
BLUMETTI, E. VITTORI, L. SERVA and G.P. ROBERTS
(2000): Ground effects during the 9 september 1998,
Mw=5.6, Lauria earthquake and the seismic potential of
the «aseismic» Pollino region in Southern Italy, Seismol.
Res. Lett., 41 (1), 31-46.
MONTONE, P., M.T. MARIUCCI, S. PONDRELLI and A. AMATO
(2004): An improved stress map for Italy and surrounding
regions (Central Mediterranean), J. Geophys. Res.,
109 (B10410), doi: 10.1029/2003JB002703.
MORO, M., L. AMICUCCI, F.R. CINTI, F. DOUMAZ, P. MONTONE,
S. PIERDOMINICI and M. SAROLI (2003): Evidence
for Late Pleistocene-Holocene Activity along a Potential Seismic Source in Southern Apennines (Italy), Eos
Trans. Am. Geophys. Un., 84 (46), T51D-0199.
PONDRELLI, S., A. MORELLI and G. EKSTRÖM (1998): Moment
tensors and seismotectonics of the Mediterranean
region, Ann. Geophysicae, 16 (suppl. I), C19.
PONDRELLI, S., A. MORELLI, G. EKSTRÖM, S. MAZZA, E.
BOSCHI and A.M. DZIEWONSKI (2002): European-
Mediterranean regional centroid-moment tensors: 1997-
2000, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 130, 71-101 (Quick Regional
CMT available at: http://mednet.ingv.it/events/
QRCMT/Welcome.html).
REASENBERG, P. and D. OPPENHEIMER (1985): FPFIT, FPPLOT
and FPPAGE: FORTRAN computer programs for
calculating and displaying earthquake fault-plane solutions,
U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 85-739.
RIVERA, L. and A. CISTERNAS (1990): Stress tensor and
fault-plane solutions for a population of earthquakes,
Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 80, 600-614.
VALENSISE, G. and D. PANTOSTI (Editors) (2001): Database
of potential sources for earthquakes larger than M 5.5
in Italy, Ann. Geofis., 44 (suppl. to no. 4), pp. 180 (with
CD-ROM).
VALENSISE, G., D. PANTOSTI and R. BASILI (2004): Seismology
and tectonic setting of the 2002 Molise, Italy,
earthquake, Earthquake Spectra, 20, S23.
WYSS, M., LIANG, B., W.R. TANIGAWA and X. WU (1992):
Comparison of orientations of stress and strain tensors
based on fault-plane solutions in Kaoiki, Hawaii, J.
Geophys. Res., 97, 4769-4790.
ZOBACK, M.L. (1992): First- and second-order patterns of
stress in the lithosphere: the World Stress Map Project,
J. Geophys. Res., 97 (B8), 11703-11728.
Type
article