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http://hdl.handle.net/2122/10257
Authors: | Granieri, D.* Salerno, G.* Liuzzo, M.* La Spina, A.* Caltabiano, T.* Giudice, G.* Giuffrida, G.* Gutierrez, E.* Montalvo, F.* Burton, M.* Papale, P.* |
Title: | Emission of gas and atmospheric dispersion of SO2 during the December 2013 eruption at San Miguel volcano (El Salvador, Central America). | Journal: | Geophysical Research Letters | Series/Report no.: | 14/42 (2015) | Publisher: | American Geophysical Union | Issue Date: | 2015 | DOI: | 10.1002/2015GL064660 | Keywords: | SO2 flux, Clorine and CO2 at San miguel, cloud dispersion and hazard | Subject Classification: | 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases | Abstract: | Abstract San Miguel volcano, El Salvador, erupted on 29 December 2013, after a 46 year period characterized by weak activity. Prior to the eruption a trend of increasing SO2 emission rate was observed, with all values measured after mid-November greater than the average value of the previous year (~310 t d 1). During the eruption, SO2 emissions increased from the level of ~330 t d 1 to 2200 t d 1, dropping after the eruption to an average level of 680 t d 1. Wind measurements and SO2 emission rates during the preeruptive, syneruptive, and posteruptive stages were used to model SO2 dispersion around the volcano. Atmospheric SO2 concentration exceeded the dangerous threshold of 5 ppm in the crater region and in some sectors with medium elevation of the highly visited volcanic cone. Combining the SO2 emission rate with measured CO2/SO2, HCl/SO2, and HF/SO2 plume gas ratios, we estimate the CO2, HCl, and HF outputs for the first time on this volcano. |
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