http://hdl.handle.net/2122/244 Wed, 22 May 2013 08:33:45 GMT 2013-05-22T08:33:45Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8677 Title: Damage Distribution in L’Aquila City (Central Italy) during the 6 April 2009 Earthquake Authors: Tertulliani, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Leschiutta, I.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Bordoni, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Milana, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Abstract: The 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 earthquake (Imax 9–10, Mercalli–Cancani– Sieberg [MCS]) struck the Abruzzi region of central Italy, producing severe damage in the city of L’Aquila. There was heavy damage in the city, especially in the central city area where unusual features of the damage pattern were immediately evident. The aim of this study is to correlate the distribution and the severity of the damage with the geological setting of the area, taking into account the characteristics of the building stock through time. Strong-motion recordings and ambient noise measurements taken soon after the mainshock and during the entire aftershock sequence showed variability in groundmotion amplification throughout the city. Factor of amplification (Fa) results are very high in the southern sector of the city, where the Limi Rossi del Colle dell’Aquila (LRCA) red silts outcrop, and quickly decrease northward, where LRCA is absent. This result correlates with the damage distribution to reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. In the southern sector the rate of collapse of RC buildings was 10%, versus 2% in the rest of the city. General conclusions highlight that the building stock of the city suffered different levels of damage that can be partially explained by the combination of building vulnerability and surface geology. Tue, 31 Jul 2012 22:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8677 2012-07-31T22:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8628 Title: Building collapse and deformation in the archaeological site of Abakainon (NE Sicily): a possible earthquake in the 2nd century BC? Authors: Bottari, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Barbano, M.S.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania; Pirrotta, C.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania; Azzaro, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia Abstract: Discriminating between building collapse and deformation in ancient relics and attributing them to certain seismic events contributes to a better assessment of recent seismic activities in a region. In NE Sicily, the Greek necropolis of Abakainon shows interesting collapse and deformation which can be related to an earthquake. This damage is related to oriented collapsed columns, diffuse cracking, tilting and dipping broken corners of the tombs basements. Mon, 19 Nov 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8628 2012-11-19T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8605 Title: I terremoti del maggio 2012 nel contesto della sismicità dell’area Authors: Camassi, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Rovida, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Locati, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Castelli, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Viganò, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Stucchi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia Abstract: Lungi dall'essere «poco sismico» o addirittura «non sismico», come è stata definita quasi unanimemente dai media, il settore della pianura padana orientale in cui sono localizzati i terremoti del maggio 2012 è caratterizzata da una storia sismica plurisecolare e piuttosto ben conosciuta, grazie a una stagione di studi di sismologia storica avviata da quasi un trentennio. Questo articolo ricostruisce il contesto storicosismologico della sequenza. Fri, 30 Nov 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8605 2012-11-30T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8604 Title: I terremoti di Ferrara del 1570-1574 e la fioritura di studi sulla storia sismica Authors: Albini, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Calvi, G. M.; Fondazione Eucentre, Pavia; Stucchi, M.; già INGV, Sezione Milano-Pavia Abstract: Capita spesso, dopo un terremoto distruttivo, che qualcuno decida che è ora di fare il punto sulle conoscenze sui terremoti nella sua regione o in un‘area più vasta: e, fare il punto, significa spesso riassumere le conoscenze sui terremoti del passato, ovvero sulla storia sismica. Fra gli innumerevoli esempi italiani di pubblicazioni ispirate da un terremoto, si possono citare l’umanista Filippo Beroaldo (1505), che scrisse il suo “De terraemotu” dopo la sequenza del bolognese di fine 1504 - inizio 1505 e ancora, Marcello Bonito (1691) che, in soli due anni e mezzo, a seguito del terremoto del giugno 1688 nel Sannio, consegnò alle stampe la straordinaria opera “Terra tremante, o vero, Continuatione de terremoti, dalla creatione del mondo sino al tempo presente”, che raccoglie, forse per la prima volta, e in modo critico, informazioni sui terremoti di tutto il mondo allora conosciuto. L’iniziativa di compilare la storia sismica di un territorio continuò nel seguito, ad esempio per il terremoto di Lisbona del 1755, i terremoti calabresi del 1783 e moltissimi altri, e continua fino ai nostri giorni. Fri, 30 Nov 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8604 2012-11-30T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8567 Title: The revision of the October 30, 1901 earthquake, west of Lake Garda (northern Italy) Authors: Pessina, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Tertulliani, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Camassi, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Rossi, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Scardia, G.; Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria - CNR, Monterotondo Scalo (Roma) Abstract: On November 24, 2004 an earthquake ( M w = 5.0) struck the west side of Lake Garda (northern Italy), producing moderate but widespread damage. It provided the opportunity of reviewing the seismicity of all the area over the past two centuries, whose former most significant event is the October 30, 1901 earthquake ( M w = 5.5), while other minor but damaging events are the January 5, 1892 ( M w =5.0) and November 16, 1898 ( M w =4.6) earthquakes. On the reviewing we found common similarities in ground shaking distribution as recurrent damaged spots, amplification zones due to local site condition or energy radiation. We believe that these findings are suitable to provide information for provisional purposes in low hazard level area hampered by the lack of knowledge about the seismic sources. New data are provided both in MCS scale and EMS. The sensitivity of a source parameters estimation technique was evaluated for the major event. Mon, 31 Dec 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8567 2012-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8566 Title: Location and magnitudes of earthquakes in Central Asia from seismic intensity data: model calibration and validation Authors: Bindi, D.; Deutches GeoForschungsZentrum; Gomez Capera, A. A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Parolai, S.; Deutches GeoForschungsZentrum; Kanatbek, A.; Institute of Seismology, National Academy of Science, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic; Stucchi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Zschau, J.; Deutches GeoForschungsZentrum Abstract: macroseismic intensity data. A set of 2373 intensity observations from 15 earthquakes is analysed to calibrate non-parametric models for the source and attenuation with distance, the distance being computed from the instrumental epicentres located according to the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogue. In a second step, the non-parametric source model is regressed against different magnitude values (e.g. MLH, mb, MS, Mw) as listed in various instrumental catalogues. The reliability of the calibrated model is then assessed by applying the methodology to macroseismic intensity data from 29 validation earthquakes for which bothMLH and mb are available from the Central Asian Seismic Risk Initiative (CASRI) project and the ISC catalogue. An overall agreement is found for both the location and magnitude of these events, with the distribution of the differences between instrumental and intensity-based magnitudes having almost a zero mean, and standard deviations equal to 0.30 and 0.44 for mb and MLH, respectively. The largest discrepancies are observed for the location of the 1985, MLH = 7.0 southern Xinjiang earthquake, whose location is outside the area covered by the intensity assignments, and for the magnitude of the 1974, mb = 6.2 Markansu earthquake, which shows a difference in magnitude greater than one unit in terms of MLH. Finally, the relationships calibrated for the non-parametric source model are applied to assign different magnitude-scale values to earthquakes that lack instrumental information. In particular, an intensity-based moment magnitude is assigned to all of the validation earthquakes. Mon, 31 Dec 2012 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8566 2012-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8345 Title: In Search of the Predecessors of the 2011 Van (Turkey) earthquake Authors: Albini, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Demircioglu, M. B.; BU, KOERI, Istanbul (Turkey); Locati, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Rovida, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Sesetyan, K.; BU, KOERI, Istanbul (Turkey); Stucchi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Viganò, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia Abstract: [The Mw 7.2 earthquake of 23 October 2011 struck an area of Eastern Anatolia with a long historical record and a long earthquake history. The earthquake occurred in a region of rather complex tectonics resulting from the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian continental plates. The 23 October 2011 earthquake caused heavy damage to Van and several towns and villages around Lake Van, in the districts of Van and Ercis. It was followed by several aftershocks and another strong event (Mw 5.7) that occurred on 9 November 2011, causing further damage and casualties. Though the seismicity of the area is described by some regional parametric earthquake catalogs and has been the subject of several studies, no earthquake with a magnitude equivalent to the 2011 one is reported by the catalog in the area of the 2011 earthquake; so, apparently, there are no predecessors of this earthquake. However, two questions arise: a) could some events located close to Van have been underestimated or mislocated, as frequently happens with poorly known events?, and b) are there gaps in the earthquake history of the Van region? As for the first question, we have not found earthquakes which could, in principle, be underestimated and/or mislocated by the catalog and that could be re-located in the area of the October 2011 earthquake with a comparable magnitude. The earthquake history shows gaps between 1275 and 1646, and later between 1715 and 1834, gaps which have further investigated on the occasion of the preparation of this paper. In conclusion, nothing can be said about earthquakes in the time-window before 1646 in the region east of Lake Van. After that year, no prominent candidate earthquake appears as a possible twin of the 23 October 2011 event.] Sat, 31 Dec 2011 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8345 2011-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8337 Title: Comparison of characteristic and Gutenberg–Richter models for time-dependentM ≥ 7.9 earthquake probability in the Nankai-Tokai subduction zone, Japan Authors: Parsons, T.; U.S. Geological Survey, MS-999, 345 Middlefield Rd. Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Console, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Falcone, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Murru, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Yamashina, K.; Earthquake Research Institute (ERI), University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–0032, Japan Abstract: Earthquake forecasts are usually underinformed, and can be plagued by uncertainty in terms of the most appropriate model, and parameter values used in that model. In this paper, we explore the application of two different models to the same seismogenic area. The first is a renewal model based on the characteristic earthquake hypothesis that uses historical/palaeoseismic recurrence times, and fixed rupture geometries. The hazard rate is modified by the Coulomb static stress change caused by nearby earthquakes that occurred since the latest characteristic earthquake. The second model is a very simple earthquake simulator based on plate-motion, or fault-slip rates and adoption of a Gutenberg–Richter magnitude–frequency distribution. This information is commonly available even if historical and palaeoseismic recurrence data are lacking. The intention is to develop and assess a simulator that has a very limited parameter set that could be used to calculate earthquake rates in settings that are not as rich with observations of large-earthquake recurrence behaviour as the Nankai trough. We find that the use of convergence rate as a primary constraint allows the simulator to replicate much of the spatial distribution of observed segmented rupture rates along the Nankai, Tonankai and Tokai subduction zones. Although we note rate differences between the two forecast methods in the Tokai zone, we also see enough similarities between simulations and observations to suggest that very simple earthquake rupture simulations based on empirical data and fundamental earthquake laws could be useful forecast tools in information-poor settings. Fri, 31 Aug 2012 22:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8337 2012-08-31T22:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8330 Title: LE INDAGINI ARCHEOSISMOLOGICHE NEL CANTIERE DI PIAZZA MADONNA DI LORETO NEL QUADRO DELLE CONOSCENZE SULLA SISMICITÀ DI ROMA Authors: Galadini, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Falcucci, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Abstract: Archaeoseismological investigations performed in the site of Piazza Madonna di Loreto, in Rome, have provided useful information that can enrich the knowledge about the seismicity that has affected Ancient Rome. In detail, evidence of a sudden episode of collapse of the monumental building located at the investigated site have been found and its origin seems probably to be related to an earthquake occurred around the first half of the ninth century. The historical seismicity catalogues report three events chronologically consistent with the period of the collapse event: the 801, 847 and 848 earthquakes. These considerations have to be considered as preliminary, being the study at an early stage. Thu, 31 Dec 2009 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8330 2009-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8329 Title: Indagini per la caratterizzazione dei rischi naturali presso siti archeologici della Marsica e di aree limitrofe Authors: Galadini, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Falcucci, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Gori, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Editors: Archeoclub d'Italia - Sezione Marsica Abstract: We present the analyses performed on four Roman archaeological sites in the Abruzzi Apennines (central Italy), characterised by a natural criticality that is evident in the archaeological stratigraphy and which is detectable in the local geomorphological framework. In detail, we have investigated: i) the effects of sliding of limestone blocks at Luco dei Marsi (Angitia); ii) the colluvial events at San Benedetto dei Marsi (Marruvium) and Castel di Ieri, and iii) the evidence of a strong earthquake that struck the archaeological area of Alba Fucens in the Late Antiquity. In terms of the preservation and use of the heritage sites, the characterization of these processes is necessary for the study of the local natural hazard and for the mitigation of the risk. Fri, 31 Dec 2010 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8329 2010-12-31T23:00:00Z