http://hdl.handle.net/2122/71 Ricerca nel canale cerca http://www.earth-prints.org/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6074 Titolo: Monitoring and methods to analyse the groundwater quality degradation risk in coastal karstic aquifers (Apulia, Southern Italy)<br/><br/>Autori: Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI; Dragone, V.; CNR-IRPI; Limoni, P.P.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: A multi-methodological approach based on monitoring and spatio-temporal analysis of groundwater quality changes is proposed. The presented tools are simple, quick and cost-effective to give service to all sorts of users. The chief purpose of the monitoring network is the detection of the piezometric or potenziometric level in the aquifer. The spatial and multi-temporal analysis of usual chemical and physical data provides both an assessment of the spatial vulnerability of the aquifer to seawater intrusion, defining a salinity threshold between fresh groundwater and brackish groundwater and of the water quality trend in terms of salinity. The evaluation of the salinity trend or of salinity-correlated parameters highlights the effects of groundwater mismanagement. The multiparameter logging provides a rapid groundwater quality classification for each well. The whole approach allows evaluating the effects of current management criteria and designing more appropriate management targets. The Apulian karstic coastal aquifers have been selected as a case study (Southern Italy). Three types of aquifer zones can be distinguished: (1) areas with low vulnerability to seawater intrusion, (2) areas with high vulnerability and (3) areas with variable vulnerability in which the salt degradation largely depends on the ability to manage the well discharge. The water quality degradation caused by seawater intrusion appears to be a combined effect of an anomalous succession of drought periods observed from about 1980 onwards and increased groundwater pumping, particularly during drought periods. A management criterion based on aquifer zones is proposed. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6073 Titolo: Analysis of damaging hydro-geological events: the case of Calabria region (southern Italy)<br/><br/>Autori: Petrucci, O.; CNR-IRPI; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI; Pasqua, A.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: A period of bad weather conditions due to prolonged intense rainfall and strong winds can trigger landslides, floods, secondary floods (accumulation of rain on surfaces with low permeability), and sea storms, causing damage to humans and infrastructure. As a whole, these periods of bad weather and triggered phenomena can be defined as damaging hydrogeological events (DHEs). We define a methodological approach based on seven simple indexes to analyze such events. The indexes describe the return period (T) and trend of rainfall, the extent of hit areas, and the level of damages; they can be considered attributes of georeferenced features and analyzed with GIS techniques. We tested our method in an Italian region frequently hit by DHEs. In a period of 10 years, 747 damaging phenomena (landslides, 43%; floods, 38%) and 94 DHEs have been classified. The road network and housing areas are the most frequently damaged elements, threatened by all types of damaging phenomena. T classes are almost in accordance with the level of damage. These results can be used to outline warning levels for civil protection purposes, to forecast the areas most likely to be hit and the potential ensuing damage, to disseminate information concerning vulnerable areas, and to increase people’s awareness of risk http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6072 Titolo: Mechanics of a tectonized soil slope: influence of boundary conditions and rainfall<br/><br/>Autori: Santaloia, F.; CNR-IRPI; Cotecchia, F.; Politecnico di Bari; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: The Vadoncello landslide was mobilized in December 1993 and is still active. It involves highly tectonized soils and is the reactivation of a landslide dragged by a larger landslide at the toe of the slope soon after the 1980 Irpinia (Southern Italy) earthquake. Investigations and monitoring of the Vadoncello landslide were carried out, between 1994 and 1996, within an EC funded research project. The slope has been found to be formed of chaotic successions of soil and rock strata which have been grouped into soil complexes. The soil mechanical properties are shown to be very poor, the deep soils being prone to large plastic straining even due to relatively small loading changes. The soil displacements show that a shallow fast rotational sliding has occurred at the top of the slope and a shallow earthflow has developed downslope, both lying above deeper soils involved in a mechanism of slow and long-lasting irrecoverable movements. These slow deep movements are considered to be consequent to the plastic flow of the clayey soils. They can be activated by the effects of seasonal rainfall, of low-medium intensity seismic events and by the effects of the morphological changes resulting from the slow movements themselves. The landslide reactivation in 1993 is seen to have been the combination effect of a low return-period rainfall event and the slow movements active at depth in the slope. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6071 Titolo: Carbonate aquifers in Apulia and seawater intrusion<br/><br/>Autori: Cotecchia, V.; Politecnico di Bari; Grassi, D.; Politecnico di Bari; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: The predisposing factors and the determining factors of seawater intrusion in wide carbonate aquifers of Apulia ( Southern Italy) are characterized. Main predisposing factors prove the sedimentation environment, the tectonic-karstic evolution, the geometry of the aquifers in relation to the coastline, the depth of the aquifers, the existence of underground outflows and their chemical nature. The effect of salinity pollution and its trend was characterized using data from a regional monitoring network, considering logs time series, and also from well loggings. The intensive and widespread use has led to a progressive deterioration in water quality, particularly in the Salento area, right where the aquifer is most susceptible to seawater intrusion. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6070 Titolo: Meteoric precipitations and slope instability in the mediterranean environment<br/><br/>Autori: Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: A long and intense international research activity has by now confirmed the basic role of atmospheric precipitations on the dynamics of landslides. This paper is within the framework of such an activity and describes how solid and liquid meteoric precipitations really affect landslides. A detailed study of the empirical hydrological methods aimed at the determination of exceptional meteoric events to be correlated with landslide is performed. Finally, based on the analysis of real cases occurred in the Mediterranean environment, the opportunities offered by such an approach are discussed. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5987 Titolo: Condizioni di emergenza di alcune tra le principali scaturigini della Basilicata<br/><br/>Autori: D'Ecclesiis, G.; Università della Basilicata; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: A regional study has provided a preliminary outline of the resurgence characteristics of the most important springs in the Basilicata Region.The major aquifers occur in mainly carbonate formations, generally stratigraphic-structural units deriving from the Campanian-Lucanian Platform or the Lagonero Basin. The aquicludes and local impervious plugs are of a limited variety; in most cases they consist of complex flysch formations of an essentially clayey-marly nature. Within the context of the sample of springs examined, the commonest causes of resurgence are permeability thresholds, followed by the outcropping of the piezometric surface or given permeability limits. After having classified the resurgences on the basis of the structural and lithological characteristics of the parent aquifers, the regime of the Apennine carbonate springs was reviewed and their potential was ascertained, as was the variability of flows over the observation period. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5986 Titolo: Caratteri idrogeologici del M. Fossino e della piana tettonico-carsica del Galdo<br/><br/>Autori: D'Ecclesiis, G.; Università della Basilicata; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: The study Area lies on the border between Calabria and Lucania, close by the carbonate massifs of the Lauria Mountains. Like these, it is characterized by outcrops of carbonate rocks belonging to units forming part of the Campanian-Lucanian Platform. Three groups of springs located on the NW and SE sides of the carbonate massifs have been investigated. The study was conducted by means of geological and structural ground surveys accompanied by hydrogeological measurements on the springs and existing boreholes. The detailed knowledge thus acquired was then interpreted within the context of information available on the Calabrian-Lucanian Apennines. The average potential of the aquifer was determined, together with the principal methods of water flow therein, emphasis being placed on the role played by the individual groups of springs. In particular, the way fracturing influences water flow was ascertained, the hydrodynamic properties of the aquifer being quantified. The effect of karstification associated with the activity of the old Pleistocene lakes of Mercure and Noce was also established. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5985 Titolo: Serie storiche piezometriche delle unità idrogeologiche pugliesi: regime piezometrico, effetti climatici ed antropici<br/><br/>Autori: Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI; Dragone, V.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: This work is based on data acquisition and analysis of chronology sequences of piezometric, rainfall and thermometric data of Apulian aquifers. Methods of time series analysis are used. This approach has allowed characterising the piezometric regime and trend related to the natural recharge variation. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5976 Titolo: La vulnerabilità intrinseca di un'area campione dell'acquifero della Murgia (Puglia)<br/><br/>Autori: Cotecchia, V.; Politecnico di Bari; Daurù, M.; Politecnico di Bari; Limoni, P. P.; CNR-IRPI; Mitolo, D.; CNR-IRPI; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: The SINTACS method for the aquifer vulnerability evaluation is experimented in a selected area of the Murgia hydrogeological unit (southern Italy). The test area is representative for the large and deep carbonate Murgia aquifer and for anthropic effects on groundwater. The experience of mapping elaboration, based a complex monitoring activity, is described. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5975 Titolo: Apulian groundwater (Southern Italy) salt pollution monitoring network<br/><br/>Autori: Cotecchia, V.; Politecnico di Bari; Polemio, M.; CNR-IRPI<br/><br/>Abstract: The hydrogeological Apulian units are of coastal type and are mainly carbonate rocks of Mesozoic age. The rapid socio-economic growth, which has occurred in the past decades, has lead to different hazardous conditions in connection with groundwater quality. Groundwater for domestic, irrigation and industrial uses has been withdrawn in large quantities over the years; the aquifers are also increasingly becoming the ultimate "receptacle" for domestic and industrial wastewater. In order to characterise the evolutionary features of increasing saline and human-related pollution, data was gathered by a regionally based continuously operating hydrogeological monitoring network. It uses more than 100 wells, some of which are hundreds of meters deep, equipped with multiparameter sensors, temperature, conductivity and level gauges set up along the vertical axis and connected to a geo-information system. Water samples are periodically taken from the wells, the samples are analysed by chemical, physical and bacteriological parameters with the aim of detecting any farming and industrial pollutants. The new system, which provides real-time information for groundwater planning, scheduling and management, is described together with some preliminary results. The impact of seawater intrusion on water quality at regional level is also discussed.