http://hdl.handle.net/2122/280 Ricerca nel canale cerca http://www.earth-prints.org/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6058 Titolo: SeismNet Manager: A Web Application to Manage Hardware and Data of a Seismic Network<br/><br/>Autori: Elia, L.; AMRA Scarl; Satriano, C.; AMRA Scarl; Iannaccone, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: Modern seismic networks have grown to become increasinglycomplex infrastructures, composed of hundreds of devices anddata streams scattered over wide geographic regions. Amongthe components of such networks are heterogeneous seismicand environmental sensors, digitizers, data loggers, data collectionservers, wired and wireless communication hardware,and other devices and software subsystems charged with differentdata handling tasks, such as continuous data storage oranalysis. In order to be effectively managed, a seismic networktherefore needs a tiered software application. This applicationencompasses tasks that range from the low-level (hardwaremonitoring for failure detection) to the mid-level (data qualitycontrol) to the high-level (managing the final output of thenetwork: recorded events, waveforms, and parametric data). Atthe same time such an application should provide a centralizedand easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI).Over the past two decades, several institutions and commercialcompanies have devoted great efforts to the developmentof software tools to manage and centralize the dataacquisition and analysis for regional to global seismic networks.Among the most valuable products worth mentioningare: Earthworm, an open-source real-time seismic managementsystem developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (Johnson etal. 1995); Antelope, a commercial real-time system for environmentaldata collection, developed by Boulder Real TimeTechnologies (BRTT 2008); and the more recent SeisComP(Hanka et al. 2000), an open-source tool for real-time dataacquisition and analysis developed by the German ResearchCentre for Geosciences (GFZ-Potsdam).Although well-suited for real-time data collection andanalysis, these systems do not currently provide advanced featuresfor managing the infrastructure of a seismic network,such as state-of-health monitoring of the instrumentation ortracking all the network appliances.Trying to fill this gap, Instrumental Software Technologies(ISTI 2008) has recently developed SeisNetWatch(SeisNetWatch 2008), a tool for monitoring and controllingthe data quality and the status of several types of data loggersand real-time seismic management systems. This desktop- andWeb-accessible tool features a core system and a user interfacewritten in Java, plus several “agents” each interacting with aparticular piece of hardware or system.During the development of the Irpinia Seismic Network(ISNet) in southern Italy (Weber et al. 2007), we decided toaddress our needs of hardware monitoring and data managementby developing our own solution, a Web-based applicationcalled SeismNet Manager. The application is designed asa graphical front-end to ISNet for internal and external usersof the network, as well as its administrators, with an interfacethat is simple to use.SeismNet Manager leverages an instrument database anda seismic database to keep track of the hardware componentsthat comprise the network (such as stations, servers, devices)and the data they produce (such as recorded waveforms andevents). The application, universally accessible through a Webbrowser, fulfills the following needs:• to keep a detailed inventory of the multiple componentsthat constitute a seismic network, including stations, sensors,data loggers, network hardware, generic hardware,data servers, and communication links;• to maintain a historical record of the installations and ofthe configuration details, as well as of the mutual connectionsof said components;• to perform real-time monitoring of some of the devices(hardware state and “health” problems, quality of theoutput) for alerting network operators of problems andcomplementing the seismic data;• to manage the seismic data produced by the network,obtained either through automatic data retrieval proceduresor manual insertion by administrators (detected events, seismic recordings, parametric information) andto perform some routine tasks on returned data, includinginspection, filtering, picking, and flagging.• to offer a Web-based interface that lets data consumers ornetwork operators insert, edit, search, download and visualizeall the available information (as tables, graphs, maps,waveform plots, and 3D renderings).To accomplish these goals, which are not specific to ISNet butare shared by most seismic networks, we made use of opensourcetechnological solutions such as Linux (Debian 2008),PostgreSQL (PostgreSQL 2008), and Tomcat (Tomcat 2008).Flexibility and configurability was a priority, so that we couldtailor SeismNet Manager to the specific needs and actual hardwareof different networks and could manage multiple networks.At the same time, SeismNet Manager is not designedas a “be-all do-all” system performing every task needed in aseismic network, some of which are better left to specializedand standard software packages. For instance, in ISNet thecontinuous data acquisition and storage from the stations andthe real-time seismic data processing for seismic early warningare implemented elsewhere, as discussed below. SeismNetManager is thus built on top of the various elements and subsystemsalready operating in a network. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/6004 Titolo: CUMAS: a seafloor multi-sensor module for volcanic hazard monitoring - First long-term experiment and performance assessment<br/><br/>Autori: Iannaccone, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Guardato, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Vassallo, M.; AMRA, Analisi e Monitoraggio dei Rischi Ambientali; Stabile, T. A.; AMRA, Analisi e Monitoraggio dei Rischi Ambientali; Elia, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Beranzoli, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Curatori: EOS; AGU<br/><br/>Abstract: A seafloor multi-sensor module with real-time data transmission, named CUMAS (Cabled Underwater Module forAcquisition of Seismological data), has been deployed in January 2008 in the Gulf of Pozzuoli, in the Campi Flegreicaldera (southern Italy), which is one of the most active volcanic areas in the world. The sensors installed in CUMASwere selected to monitor a set of signals related to the local seismicity as well as the ground uplift and subsidence of theseafloor that are related to the bradyseismic phenomenon. In particular, together with a broad-band three-componentseismometer and a low-frequency hydrophone, a seafloor water-pressure sensor is used to assess the feasibility ofmeasurements of the slow vertical movement of the seafloor (bradyseism).Further sensors are acquired by two embedded Linux computers, namely tilt and heading sensors for the measure of theactual module orientation on the seafloor, and status sensors that monitor the state of health of the vessel (e.g., internaltemperature, power absorption, water intrusion).The underwater acquisition systems are linked to a support infrastructure, a floating buoy (elastic beacon), through anelectro-mechanical cable with an Ethernet line. The buoy provides the needed power supply thanks to batteries chargedby solar panels and a wind- generator. A Wi-Fi antenna on the buoy is used to transmit the seafloor data from the seasurface to the land acquisition centre in the city of Naples. A meteorological station is also mounted on the buoy, to allowthe correlation of the air and seafloor data.CUMAS, although based on commercial sensors, relies on an original system for the centralized management of a wideset of geophysical and physical oceanographic sensors, that handles the continuous data acquisition and real-time datatransmission.After the installation in the Gulf of Pozzuoli at about 100 m w.d., and after a test period, CUMAS uninterruptedly operatedfrom May 2008 to June 2009, thus providing continuous geophysical data to the Monitoring Center of the Campi Flegreivolcanic areas, managed by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.The long-term operational performance of CUMAS is presented here, together with the first results from the analysis ofthe geophysical long time-series acquired.Examples of the acquired signals, especially geophysical data, will be presented to point out the high quality in term ofsignal-to-noise ratio. In particular, earthquake recordings obtained from the hydrophone resulted of comparable quality tothe seismic data acquired on land by the permanent network, thus demonstrating the suitability of hydrophones tomonitor the seismic activity of the caldera. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5952 Titolo: Physical-Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of stress-strain state in seismic and volcanic regions<br/><br/>Autori: Scandura, Danila<br/><br/>Abstract: The strain-stress state generated by faulting or cracking and influenced by the strong heterogeneity of the internal earth structure precedes and accompanies volcanic and seismic activity. Particularly, volcanic eruptions are the culmination of long and complex geophysical processes and physical processes which involve the generation of magmas in the mantle or in the lower crust, its ascent to shallower levels, its storage and differentiation in shallow crustal chambers, and, finally, its eruption at the Earth’s surface. Instead, earthquakes are a frictional stick-slip instability arising along pre-existing faults within the brittle crust of the Earth. Long-term tectonic plate motion causes stress to accumulate around faults until the frictional strength of the fault is exceeded. The study of these processes has been traditionally carried out through different geological disciplines, such as petrology, structural geology, geochemistry or sedimentology. Nevertheless, during the last two decades, the development of physical of earth as well as the introduction of new powerful numerical techniques has progressively converted geophysics into a multidisciplinary science. Nowadays, scientists with very different background and expertises such as geologist, physicists, chemists, mathematicians and engineers work on geophysics. As any multidisciplinary field, it has been largely benefited from these collaborations. The different ways and procedures to face the study of volcanic and seismic phenomena do not exclude each other and should be regarded as complementary.Nowadays, numerical modeling in volcanology covers different pre-eruptive, eruptive and post-eruptive aspects of the general volcanic phenomena. Among these aspects, the pre-eruptive process, linked to the continuous monitoring, is of special interest because it contributes to evaluate the volcanic risk and it is crucial for hazard assessment, eruption prediction and risk mitigation at volcanic unrest.large faults. The knowledge of the actual activity state of these sites is not only an academic topic but it has crucial importance in terms of public security and eruption and earthquake forecast. However, numerical simulation of volcanic and seismic processes have been traditionally developed introducing several simplifications: homogeneous half-space, flat topography and elastic rheology. These simplified assumptions disregards effects caused by topography, presence of medium heterogeneity and anelastic rheology, while they could play an important role in Moreover, frictional sliding of a earthquake generates seismic waves that travel through the earth, causing major damage in places nearby to the modeling procedureThis thesis presents mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of volcanic and seismic processes. The subject of major interest has been concerned on the developing of mathematical formulations to describe seismic and volcanic process. The interpretation of geophysical parameters requires numerical models and algorithms to define the optimal source parameters which justify observed variations. In this work we use the finite element method that allows the definition of real topography into the computational domain, medium heterogeneity inferred from seismic tomography study and the use of complex rheologies. Numerical forward method have been applied to obtain solutions of ground deformation expected during volcanic unrest and post-seismic phases, and an automated procedure for geodetic data inversion was proposed for evaluating slip distribution along surface rupture. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5896 Titolo: MIDOP: Macroseismic Intensity Data Online Publisher<br/><br/>Autori: Locati, Mario; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Cassera, Andrea; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia<br/><br/>Curatori: Neumann, A.; City of Uster (CH), GIS manager<br/><br/>Abstract: Within the Networking Activity 4 (NA4) "Distributed Archive of Historical Earthquake Data" of the EU NERIES project, a massive quantity of macroseismic data related to earthquakes of the past centuries is being published online. The NA4 working team is composed of many researchers coming from five European National Institutions. The retrieved data range from year 1000 to year 1900 and cover all of Europe. The presented tool "MIDOP" is being specifically developed for intuitive online publication of macroseismic maps of historical earthquakes. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5771 Titolo: Cooperazione Italia-Indonesia:un sistema per il monitoraggio sismologico del vulcano Marapi (Sumatra)<br/><br/>Autori: Orazi, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Peluso, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; D'Auria, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Caputo, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Demartin, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Franceschi, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Delladio, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Budianto, A.; CVGHM (Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation); Gunawan, H.; CVGHM (Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation); Selva, I.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Garcia, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Giudicepietro, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Marzocchi, W.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Martini, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Surono; CVGHM (Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation); Boschi, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: L’Italia e l’Indonesia hanno avviato nel 2005-2006 un progetto di cooperazione sulle tematiche dellamitigazione del rischio vulcanico. Nell’ambito di questo progetto è stata individuata la zona ovest di Sumatracome area di intervento. In particolare è stato preso in considerazione il vulcanoMarapi. Questo vulcano haavuto frequente attività eruttiva nelle ultime decine di anni. L’ultima eruzione si è verificata nel 2004. La sua attività,sebbene di moderata intensità, pone un problema di protezione civile, poiché dal 1980 ad oggi ha causato diversiferiti e alcune vittime tra i turisti che hanno visitato l’area craterica sommitale.Allo scopo di monitorare lo stato di attività del Marapi, nell’ambito del citato progetto è stata realizzata una retesismica a larga banda composta da 4 stazioni e basata su sensori Guralp GMG-40T da 60s di periodo e su acquisitoridi tipo GAIA2, prodotti presso l’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. La strumentazione è stata portatadall’Italia ed è stata installata da un gruppo di lavoro formato da italiani ed indonesiani. Oltre all’installazione dellastrumentazione in campagna è stato necessario allestire un vero e proprio Centro di Monitoraggio pressol’Osservatorio di Bukittinggi, in prossimità delle pendici nordoccidentali del vulcano, dotato di calcolatori perl’acquisizione, l’analisi dei dati e la loro archiviazione.Il sistema per ilmonitoraggio sismologico realizzato alMarapi costituisce un importante strumento di prevenzionedel rischio associato all’attività di questo vulcano e sta permettendo di creare un ricco data set utile a caratterizzarela sismicità della struttura vulcanica e dell’area circostante. Da un’analisi preliminare dei dati registrati nel periodo19/10/2006 - 24/11/2008 si evidenzia che il vulcanomanifesta una sismicità di tipo VT ed LP. Nell’ agosto 2007 sonostati inoltre registrati segnali probabilmente attribuibili a modesta attività esplosiva nell’area sommitale.Italy and Indonesia started a cooperation project in 2005-2006 to cover issues for the mitigation of volcanic risk. In thisproject, the west area of Sumatra was identified as the area for intervention. In particular, the Marapi volcano wasconsidered. This volcano has shown frequent eruptive activity over recent decades, with the last eruption occurring in2004. Although its activity is of moderate intensity, it creates a civil protection problem, because since 1980 it has resulted inseveral injuries and a number of deaths among the tourists who visit the summit crater area.To monitor the activity of Marapi volcano as part of this project, a broadband seismic network has been implemented thatconsists of four stations based on Guralp GMG 40T sensors with period of 60 s and on GAIA2 data-loggers, which are producedat the INGV. The instrumentation was brought from Italy and was installed by a working group comprising Italians andIndonesians. In addition to the instrumentation in the field, it was necessary to set up a monitoring centre in the BukittinggiObservatory, which is near the north-western slopes of the Marapi volcano. This is equipped with computers for dataacquisition, analysis and archiving.The system for seismological monitoring that has been realized atMarapi volcano is an important tool in the prevention of therisk associated with this volcano, and it is providing a rich dataset that will be of great use for the characterization of theseismicity of the Marapi volcanic structure and the surrounding area.A preliminary analysis of the data recorded during the period 19/10/2006 - 24/11/2008 evidences that the volcano shows VTand LP seismicity. In August 2007 were also recorded signals probably attributable to small explosive activity in the summit area. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5687 Titolo: Microzonazione sismica speditiva del centro storico di Sulmona (AQ)<br/><br/>Autori: Di Capua, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia; Peppoloni, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Manuel, M.R.; Freelance<br/><br/>Abstract: L’UO Geologica si è occupata del recupero delle informazioni geologiche relative alsottosuolo del centro storico campione di Sulmona per le elaborazioni del Livello 1 del task5/7 del Progetto Reluis – Linea 10. Al termine dell’attività sono state reperite le stratigrafie ditre sondaggi geognostici (S1c, S2c e S3c – Figura 1) che sono stati terebrati nel periododicembre 2006 – febbraio 2007, nell’ambito del progetto “Microzonazione sismica di secondolivello; indagini e risultati ai fini della progettazione esecutiva della Microzonazione sismicadel centro abitato di Sulmona” finanziato dalla Regione Abruzzo e condotto dai ricercatoridella “Sapienza” Università di Roma in collaborazione con l’Università degli Studi di L’Aquila (Manuel, 2007). All’interno di due dei tre fori sono state realizzate anche prove down‐hole. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5681 Titolo: Progress report on the ongoing activity for constructing a catalogue of geological/geotechnical information at accelerometric stations<br/><br/>Autori: Di Capua, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia; Lanzo, G.; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica - Sapienza Università di Roma<br/><br/>Abstract: The main goals within Task2 are:• the development of the new standard format for station monograph;• collection, organization and synthesis of geological, geomorphological, geotechnical andgeophysical data;• evaluation of the reliability of the existing data;• compilation of station monographs;• a site classification.All the research units are involved in the collection and elaboration of data relevant to thecompilation of the monographs.RU2 (INGV-RM1) and RU6 (UniRM1-DISG) have directly contributed in the developmentof the structure and content of the new monograph, and in the release of the first proposal ofsite classification.Additional contributions from other RUs concern the assessment of the reliability of theexisting shear wave velocity data (RU4 - PoliTO), the preparation of the geomechanicalsection of the new monograph (RU7 - UniSI-UniRM1-DST) and for web support to datacollection and online monograph compilation (RU1 (INGV-MI). http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5680 Titolo: ITACA station classification: EC8 site classification based on 1:100.000 geological map<br/><br/>Autori: Di Capua, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia; Peppoloni, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: This activity was requested by the project coordinators since it was necessary to have an earlyversion of the recording stations classification in order to interface the ITACA database withthe REXEL software for the selection of natural accelerograms compatible with NTC2008proposed reponse spectra.Since the compilation of the monographs is ongoing and, at the same time, a cataloging for allthe 616 ITACA stations was immediately needed, a preliminary classification based solely ongeological data available at a homogeneous level for all the sites was undertaken. Using alithological map by INGV (unpublished), at a national scale (1:100,000), this goal has beenachieved. This map derives from the Geological Map of Italy at 1:100,000 scale, by mergingdifferent geological formations, based on lithological and geological age criteria, in severallithological units. Each unit was attributed an EC8 subsoil class.The limits of this type of “geological” classification are well known, as it allows only aapproximate level of knowledge, but, as already mentioned, it was dictated by the urgency toset up a first classification.This classification based on lithological map was subsequently "corrected" using:a) detailed geological data;b) a geological "expert" evaluation;c) H/V microtremors measurements;d) photos of the sites;e) Vs30 values from down-hole and cross-hole tests.Main problems have been encountered where the site studied is near a geological limitbetween two different soil categories detached from two classes, thethickness of cover, rested on bedrock, is less than 20 m or landslides of someimportance are present. VS30 values are available for very few stations which aredenoted without asterisk in the “subsoil category” column. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5648 Titolo: The Italian strong motion data base: design, data input and web distribution<br/><br/>Autori: Luzi, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Sabetta, F.; DPC; Mele, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Heilemikael, S.; UNIROMA1; Bindi, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Pacor, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Massa, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Lovati, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Gorini, A.; DPC<br/><br/>Abstract: A new Italian strong-motion data base was created during a joint project between Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV, Italian Institute for Geophysics and Vulcanology) and Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (DPC, Italian civil protection). The aim of the project was the collection, homogenization and distribution of strong motion data acquired in the time span 1972-2004 in Italy by different institutions, namely Ente Nazionale per l’Energia Elettrica (ENEL, Italian electricity company), Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l’Energia e l’Ambiente (ENEA, Italian energy and environment organization) and DPC with different purposes, such as permanent strong motion monitoring and temporary monitoring during seismic sequences or before permanent installation. The data base contains 2182 three component waveforms generated by 1004 earthquakes with a maximum moment magnitude of 6.9 (1980 Irpinia earthquake) and can be accessed on-line at the site http://itaca.mi.ingv.it, where a wide range of search tools enables the user to interactively retrieve events, recording stations and waveforms with particular characteristics, whose parameters can be specified, as needed, through user friendly interfaces. A range of display options allows users to view data in different contexts, extract and download time series and spectral data.This article describes the data base structure and the working steps which led to the completion of the project. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5603 Titolo: A WebGis tool for seismic hazard scenarios and risk analysis<br/><br/>Autori: Pessina, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia; Meroni, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Milano-Pavia, Milano, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: The WebGis development represents a natural answer to the growing requests for dissemination and use of geographical information data. WebGis originates from a combination of web technology and theGeographical Information System, which is a recognised technology that is mainly composed of data handling tools for storage, recovery, management and analysis of spatial data. Here, we illustrate two examples of seismic hazard and risk analysis through the WebGis system in terms of architecture and content. The first presents ground shaking scenarios associated with the repetition of the earthquake that struck the Lake of Garda area (northern Italy) in 2004. The second shows data and results of a more extensive analysis of seismic risk in the western part of the Liguria region (north-western Italy) for residential buildings, strategic structures and historic architecture. The adoption of a freeware application (ALOVMap) assures easy exportability of the WebGis structures for projects dealing with natural hazard evaluation.