http://hdl.handle.net/2122/212 2013-05-25T15:28:12Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8685 Title: Studio di fattibilità per il monitoraggio delle deformazioni del fondo marino tramite GPS su una meda elastica (Golfo di Pozzuoli – Campi Flegrei) Authors: De Martino, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Guardato, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Tammaro, U.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Iannaccone, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia Abstract: The continuous measurement of ground deformations is an important contribution to the monitoring of volcanic areas. When the volcano is totally or partially submerged, the traditional geodetic methods cannot be applied and the measures of seafloor deformation are extremely difficult and expensive. This paper describes the installation of a continuous GPS station on an elastic beacon. The measurements were conducted in the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Gulf of Pozzuoli, Naples), whose vertical displacements are related to the bradyseismic phenomenon. Experimental observations show that it’s possible to monitor vertical displacement of seafloor with a resolution of a few centimeters, also taking into account for measurement errors (due to weather and sea conditions acting on the elastic beacon). This non expensive technique is relevant at Campi Flegrei area, because it extends the ground deformation monitoring at sea, contributing to a better modeling of the deformation field. 2011-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8658 Title: The Earth Expansion Evidence – A Challenge for Geology, Geophysics and Astronomy Authors: Scalera, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Boschi, E.; University of Bologna; Cwojdzinski, S.; Polish Geological Survey Editors: Scalera, Giancarlo; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Boschi, Enzo; University of Bologna; Cwojdzinski, Stefan; Polish Geological Survey 2012-11-30T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8657 Title: Geodetic Problems of an Expanding Globe - Simple Critical Arguments Authors: Scalera, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia Editors: Scalera, Giancarlo; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Boschi, Enzo; University of Bologna; Cwojdzinski, Stefan; Polish Geological Survey Abstract: Because unequivocal evidence exist in favor of the expansion of the globe through geologic time, and if the expansion of our planetary body is ongoing today and not confined to the past or episodic in time, some subtle causes must consequently exist of the inability of Geodesy in revealing a plausible expansion rate. Old critical arguments around the possibility of a vicious circle in the geodetic theoretical methods (Blinov, 1987; Scalera, 2003) has revealed their inadequacy in respect of the geometry of space geodesy. On the bases of an old argument (Scalera, 2003), it has been then developed a new more realistic one, in which it is demonstrated that spurious effects can probably bias what is believed to be systematic-error-free data. It is argued that Geodesy still has to full develop a theoretical treatment of an expanding globe 2012-11-30T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8652 Title: A Multidisciplinary Study of the DPRK Nuclear Tests Authors: Carluccio, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Giuntini, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Materni, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Chiappini, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Bignami, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; D'Ajello Caracciolo, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Pignatelli, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Stramondo, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Console, R.; Chiappini, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia Abstract: The Democratic People Republic of Korea announced two underground nuclear tests carried out in their territory respectively on October 9th, 2006 and May 25th, 2009. The scarce information on the precise location and the size of those explosions has stimulated various kinds of studies,mostly based on seismological observations, by several national agencies concerned with theNuclear Test Ban Treaty verification.Weanalysed the available seismological data collected through a global high-quality network for the two tests. After picking up the arrival times at the various stations, a standard location program has been applied to the observed data. If we use all the available data for each single event, due to the different magnitude and different number of available stations, the locations appear quite different. On the contrary, if we use only the common stations, they happen to be only few km apart from each other and within their respective error ellipses. A more accurate relative location has been carried out by the application of algorithms such as double difference joint hypocenter determination (DDJHD) and waveform alignment. The epicentral distance between the two events obtained by these methods is 2 km, with the 2006 event shifted to the ESE with respect to that of 2009. We then used a dataset of VHR TerraSAR-X satellite images to detect possible surface effects of the underground tests. This is the first ever case where these highly performing SAR data have been used to such aim. We applied InSAR processing technique to fully exploit the capabilities of SAR data to measure very short displacements over large areas. Two interferograms have been computed, one co-event and one post-event, to remove possible residual topographic signals. A clear displacement pattern has been highlighted over a mountainous area within the investigated region, measuring a maximum displacement of about 45 mm overall the relief. Hypothesizing that the 2009 nuclear test had been carried out close to the area where the displacement has been observed through the DInSAR technique, its relation with the epicenter location obtained through seismological processing has been discussed as a possible alternative hypothesis with respect to the preferred solutions reported by the nuclear explosion database (NEDB). The distance of about 10 km between the two places can be considered acceptable in light of the possible systematic location shifts commonly observed in the seismological practice over a global scale. The difference between the mb magnitudes of the two tests could reflect differences in geological conditions of the two test sites, even if the yield of the two explosions had been the same. 2012-12-28T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8554 Title: GPS observations of coseismic deformation following the May 20 and 29, 2012, Emilia seismic events (northern Italy): data, analysis and preliminary models Authors: Serpelloni, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Anderlini, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Avallone, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Cannelli, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Cavaliere, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Cheloni, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; D'Ambrosio, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; D'Anastasio, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Esposito, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Pietrantonio, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Pisani, A. R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Anzidei, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Cecere, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; D'Agostino, N.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Del Mese, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Devoti, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Galvani, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Massucci, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Melini, D.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Riguzzi, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Selvaggi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Sepe, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia Abstract: In May-July 2012, a seismic sequence struck a broad area of the Po Plain Region in northern Italy. The sequence in- cluded two ML >5.5 mainshocks. The first one (ML 5.9) oc- curred near the city of Finale Emilia (ca. 30 km west of Ferrara) on May 20 at 02:03:53 (UTC), and the second (ML 5.8) occurred on May 29 at 7:00:03 (UTC), about 12 km south- west of the May 20 mainshock (Figure 1), near the city of Mirandola. The seismic sequence involved an area that ex- tended in an E-W direction for more than 50 km, and in- cluded seven ML ≥5.0 events and more than 2,300 ML >1.5 events (http://iside.rm.ingv.it). The focal mechanisms of the main events [Pondrelli et al. 2012, Scognamiglio et al. 2012, this volume] consistently showed compressional kinematics with E-W oriented reverse nodal planes. This sector of the Po Plain is known as a region charac- terized by slow deformation rates due to the northwards mo- tion of the northern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt, which is buried beneath the sedimentary cover of the Po Plain [Pi- cotti and Pazzaglia 2008, Toscani et al. 2009]. Early global po- sitioning system (GPS) measurements [Serpelloni et al. 2006] and the most recent updates [Devoti et al. 2011, Bennett et al. 2012] recognized that less than 2 mm/yr of SW-NE short- ening are accommodated across this sector of the Po Plain, in agreement with other present-day stress indicators [Mon- tone et al. 2012] and known active faults [Basili et al. 2008]. In the present study, we describe the GPS data used to study the coseismic deformation related to the May 20 and 29 mainshocks, and provide preliminary models of the two seismic sources, as inverted from consensus GPS coseismic deformation fields. 2011-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8552 Title: Coseismic deformation and source modeling of the May 2012 Emilia (Northern Italy) earthquakes Authors: Pezzo, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Merryman Boncori, J. P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Tolomei, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Salvi, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Atzori, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Antonioli, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Trasatti, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Novali, F.; Tele-Rilevamento Europa - T.R.E. srl; Serpelloni, E.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Candela, L.; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Unità Osservazione della Terra; Giuliani, R.; Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Ufficio Rischio Sismico Abstract: On May 20th, 2012, an ML 5.9 earthquake (Table 1) occurred near the town of Finale Emilia, in the Central Po Plain, Northern Italy (Figure 1). The mainshock caused 7 casualties and the collapse of several historical buildings and industrial sheds. The earthquake sequence continued with diminishing aftershock magnitudes until May 29th, when an ML 5.8 earthquake occurred near the town of Mirandola, ~12 km WSW of the mainshock (Scognamiglio et al., 2012). This second mainshock started a new aftershock sequence in this area, and increased structural damage and collapses, causing 19 more casualties and increasing to 15.000 the number of evacuees. Shortly after the first mainshock, the Department of Civil Protection (DPC) activated the Italian Space Agency (ASI), which provided post-seismic SAR Interferometry data coverage with all 4 COSMO-SkyMed SAR satellites. Within the next two weeks, several SAR Interferometry (InSAR) image pairs were processed by the INGV-SIGRIS system (Salvi et al., 2012), to generate displacement maps and preliminary source models for the emergency management. These results included continuous GPS site displacement data, from private and public sources, located in and around the epicentral area. In this paper we present the results of the geodetic data modeling, identifying two main fault planes for the Emilia seismic sequence and computing the corresponding slip distributions. We discuss the implication of this seismic sequence on the activity of the frontal part of the Northern Apennine accretionary wedge by comparing the co-seismic data with the long term (geological) and present day (GPS) velocity fields. 2012-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8550 Title: New kinematic constraints of the western Doruneh fault, north-eastern Iran, from interseismic deformation analysis Authors: Pezzo, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Tolomei, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Atzori, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Salvi, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Shabanian, E.; CEREGE - AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE; Bellier, O.; CEREGE - AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE; Farbod, Y.; CEREGE - AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE Abstract: We used the SBAS DInSAR analysis technique to estimate the interseismic deformation along the western part of the Doruneh fault system (DFS), northeastern Iran. We processed 90 ENVISAT images from four different frames from ascending and descending orbits. Three of the ground velocity maps show a significant interseismic signal. Using a simple dislocation approach we model 2-D velocity profiles concerning three InSAR data set relative to the western part of the DFS, obtaining a good fit to the observations. The resulting model indicates that a slip rate of ∼5mmyr−1 accumulates on the fault below 10 km depth, and that in its western sector the Doruneh fault is not purely strike-slip (left-lateral) as in its central part, but shows a significant thrust component. Based on published geological observations, and assuming that all interseismic deformation is recovered with a single event, we can estimate a characteristic recurrence interval between 630 and 1400 yr. 2012-05-20T22:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8514 Title: A multidisciplinary study of an active fault crossing urban areas: The Trecastagni Fault at Mt. Etna (Italy) Authors: Bonforte, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia; Carnazzo, A.; Provincia Regionale di Catania; Gambino, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia; Guglielmino, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia; Obrizzo, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione OV, Napoli, Italia; Puglisi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia Abstract: The Trecastagni Fault is a NNW–SSE tectonic structure in the densely inhabited southern flank of Mt. Etna, characterised by evident morphological scarps and movements of normal and right-lateral type that directly affect roads and buildings. The fault is affected by continuous dynamics with intermittent accelerations accompanied with shallow seismicity. It has an important role in the instability affecting Mt. Etna's south-eastern flank and represents part of the southern boundary of the unstable sector. The motion of the fault between 2005 and 2011 has been analysed by using a multi-disciplinary approach involving terrestrial and satellite ground deformation data. Active monitoring systems able to investigate the fault in detail are extensometers, a levelling network and InSAR. Two episodes of acceleration were recorded at the end of 2009 and during 2010. Data evidences that the acceleration episodes affected only portions of the fault and that stress may accumulate and be periodically released. Although bothmagmatic processes (inflation or intrusive episodes) and flank dynamics influence the occurrence of the TF acceleration episodes, the dragging effect of the overall seaward sliding of the south-eastern flank is evident and it causes the subsidence of the hangingwall, accumulating stress on the fault that is periodically seismically released. 2012-12-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8508 Title: Red GPS Topo-Iberia: Resultados Preliminares obtenidos en el Centro de Análisis de la UJA Authors: Gil, A. J.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; de Lacy, M. C.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; Ruiz, A. M.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; Armenteros, J. A.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; Adan, R.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; Aviles, A.; Dpto. Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría. Universidad de Jaén. España; Riguzzi, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Devoti, R.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia Abstract: The project “Geociencias en Iberia: Estudios integrados de topografía y evolución 4D: Topo-Iberia” (Ref.CSD2006- 00041) is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Its objective is to understand the interactions in the Iberian Peninsula (SW Europe) between deep, shallow and atmospheric processes, through a multidisciplinary approach linking Geology, Geophysics and Geodesy. As part of this project a network of 26 continuous GPS stations, covering the Spanish part of the Iberian Peninsula (22 stations) and Morocco (4 stations) has been established. The major objective behind the establishment of this array is to monitor millimetre level deformation of the crust due to Nubia and Eurasian tectonic plates. More specific goals of the project include the identification of the areas and/or specific seismic faults which exhibit higher deformation rates, which could imply an increased seismic hazard in these specific areas. In December 2008, the network installation was completed and all the stations were fully operational. Data analysis is performed at three different analysis centres: Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (ROA), University of Barcelona (UB) and University of Jaen (UJA). Different approaches to processing GPS data by using different software are being carried out. The first coordinate time series and the velocity field computed so far at UJA analysis centre are presented 2012-06-24T22:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2122/8447 Title: IMPROVEMENT OF THE TROPOSPHERIC CORRECTION BY ADAPTED PHASE FILTERING Authors: Chaabane, Ferdaous; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications; Avallone, Antonio; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; Tupin, Florence; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications; Briole, Pierre; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; Trouvé, Emmanuel; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications; Trembley, Yvan; Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris; Nicolas, Jean-Marie; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications; Maitre, Henri; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications Abstract: Tropospheric inhomogeneities can form a major error source in DinSAR (Differential SAR Interferometry) measurements used in slow deformation monitoring. Previous studies introduced techniques to correct these artefacts. In [1] they propose to evaluate and correct tropospheric effects directly from raw differential interferograms by estimating the phase/altitude correlation. Since the wrapped phase noise in these interferograms influences the correction of tropospheric artefacts its removal is mandatory. In this paper, we aim to show that adapted wrapped phase filtering greatly improves the retrieval of tropospheric effects. The filtered interferograms are then used to model these artefacts. Filtered and unfiltered results are compared to quantify the improvement. 2001-12-31T23:00:00Z