http://hdl.handle.net/2122/109 Ricerca nel canale cerca http://www.earth-prints.org/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5119 Titolo: Geomagnetism and Aeronomy activities in Italy during IGY, 1957/58<br/><br/>Autori: Meloni, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Alfonsi, Lu.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: In 2007 several events were organized to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the International Geophysical Year(IGY, 1957-1958). The celebrations will last until 2009 and are taking place within different contexts: the InternationalPolar Year (IPY), the International Heliophysical Year (IHY), the electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) and the International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE).IGY offered a very appropriate and timely occasion to undertake a series of coordinated observations of variousgeophysical phenomena all over the globe. Italy took part in the broad international effort stimulated by IGY. In fact, Italy participated in observations and studies in many of the proposed scientific areas, in particular Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica (ING) started the installation of observatories,and updated and ensured continuous recording of geophysical observations. Geomagnetism, ionospheric physics, seismology, and other geophysical disciplines, were advanced. Although much of the work was undertakenin Italy, some attention was also devoted to other areas of the world, in particular Antarctica, where Italy participated in seismological observations. This paper gives a summary of the Geomagnetism and IonosphericPhysics activities within IGY. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of this historical event and its outcomesfor the improvement of geophysical observations and the post-IGY growth of scientific investigations in Italy. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/4886 Titolo: PEGASO: An ultra light long duration stratospheric payload for polar regions flights<br/><br/>Autori: Iarocci, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Benedetti, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Caprara, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Cardillo, A.; Institute of Information Science and Technology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Di Felice, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Di Stefano, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Drakøy, P.; Andøya Rocket Range, Andenes, P.O. Box 54, N-8483 Andenes, Norway; Ibba, R.; Italian Space Agency, Luigi Broglio Launch Facility, ss. 113 n. 174, Contrada Milo, Trapani, Italy; Mari, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Musso, I.; Institute of Information Science and Technology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Palangio, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Peterzen, S.; Italian Space Agency, Luigi Broglio Launch Facility, ss. 113 n. 174, Contrada Milo, Trapani, Italy and International Science Technology and Research, Pagosa Springs, CO, USA; Romeo, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Spinelli, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Spoto, D.; Italian Space Agency, Luigi Broglio Launch Facility, ss. 113 n. 174, Contrada Milo, Trapani, Italy; Urbini, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: Stratospheric balloons are powerful and affordable tools for a wide spectrum of scientific investigations that are carried out at thestratosphere level. They are less expensive compared to satellite projects and have the capability to lift payloads from a few kilogramsto a couple of tons or more, well above the troposphere, for more than a month. Another interesting feature of these balloons, which isnot viable in satellites, is the short turnaround time, which enables frequent flights.We introduce the PEGASO (Polar Explorer for Geomagnetism And other Scientific Observations) project, a stratospheric payloaddesigned and developed by the INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia), Rome and La Sapienza University, Rome. Theproject was sponsored by the PNRA (Progetto Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide), Italy (Peterzen et al., 2003). This light payload(10 kg) was used by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Andoya Rocket Range (ARR) for five different scientific missions.PEGASO carries a 3-component flux-gate magnetometer, uses a solar cell array as the power source and has a GPS location system.The bi-directional telemetry system for data transfer and the remote control system were IRIDIUM based. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/4736 Titolo: Comparative analysis of some magnetic sensors<br/><br/>Autori: Gambetta, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Carmisciano, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Caratori Tontini, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Cocchi, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Muccini, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: This paper shows the results of a comparative analysis of 5 magnetometer in order to evaluate the performance of the new Marine Magnetics SeaSPY Overhauser probe. The test was performed at INGV Geomagnetic Observatory in Preturo(L’Aquila, Italy). Both qualitative and quantitative analysis has been carried out. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/4267 Titolo: Last development in plate kinematics determination in Victoria Land (Antarctica) trough VLNDEF Network in Antarctica using Gamit/Globk software<br/><br/>Autori: Capra, A.; DIMeC, Università di Modena e Reggio dell’Emilia; Casula, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia; Dubbini, M.; DIMeC, Università di Modena e Reggio dell’Emilia<br/><br/>Abstract: AbstractA semi-permanent GPS network of about 30 vertices: Victoria Land Network for DEFormation control (VLNDEF) has been set up since Austral summer 1998 at Terra Nova Bay (TNB) near Ross Sea inAntarctica. A permanent GPS station TNB1 based on dual frequency Ashtech P-code GPS receiver with a Choke Ring Antenna has been installed on a bedrock monument in October 1998 and has recordedcontinuously up to the present. The GPS network has been routinely surveyed every two summers using high quality dual frequency GPS receivers; data, metadata and solutions are available to the scientificcommunity at (http://www.geodant.unimore.it). In this paper we present the results of a distributed session approach applied to processing GPS data of the VLNDEF network, and based on Gamit/Globk 10.3GPS analysis software. An improved reference frame definition was implemented using Globk package in order to compute Antarctic intra-plate residual velocities and to invert the strain field from GPS datain this region. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3877 Titolo: Observatories in Italy<br/><br/>Autori: Chiappini, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Curatori: Gubbins, D.; University of Leeds; Herrero-Bervera, E.; University of Hawaii at Manoa<br/><br/>Abstract: Monitoring the Earth's magnetic field is carried out by geomagnetic observatories all over the world. In Italy, the first observatory was founded in 1880, when Pietro Tacchini, the director of the Central Meteorological Institute (Ufficio Centrale di Meteorologia), launched an initiative to study the distribution of the Earth's magnetic field over the Italian territory. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3832 Titolo: PEGASO: An ultra light long duration stratospheric payload for polar regions flights<br/><br/>Autori: Iarocci, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Benedetti, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Caprara, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia; Cardillo, A.; CNR, Italy; Di Felice, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Di Stefano, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Drakøy, P.; ARR, Norway; Ibba, R.; ASI, Italy; Mari, M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Masi, S.; La Sapienza Unuversity, Rome, Italy; Musso, I.; CNR, Italy; Palangio, P.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Peterzen, S.; istar, USA; Romeo, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Spinelli, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; Spoto, D.; ASI, Italy; Urbini, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia<br/><br/>Abstract: Stratospheric balloons are powerful and affordable tools for a wide spectrum of scientific investigations that are carried out at thestratosphere level. They are less expensive compared to satellite projects and have the capability to lift payloads from a few kilogramsto a couple of tons or more, well above the troposphere, for more than a month. Another interesting feature of these balloons, which isnot viable in satellites, is the short turnaround time, which enables frequent flights.We introduce the PEGASO (Polar Explorer for Geomagnetism And other Scientific Observations) project, a stratospheric payloaddesigned and developed by the INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia), Rome and La Sapienza University, Rome. Theproject was sponsored by the PNRA (Progetto Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide), Italy (Peterzen et al., 2003). This light payload(10 kg) was used by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Andoya Rocket Range (ARR) for five different scientific missions.PEGASO carries a 3-component flux-gate magnetometer, uses a solar cell array as the power source and has a GPS location system.The bi-directional telemetry system for data transfer and the remote control system were IRIDIUM based http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3669 Titolo: MIRTO: a prototype for real-time ionospheric imaging over the Mediterranean area<br/><br/>Autori: Alfonsi, Lu.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Mitchell, C. N.; Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, U. K.; Romano, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma2, Roma, Italia; Spalla, P.; Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara" (IFAC), CNR, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy<br/><br/>Abstract: MIRTO (Mediterranean Ionosphere with Real-time TOmography) is a collaborative project between IstitutoNazionale di Geofisica (INGV) of Rome, the University of Bath (U.K.) and the Istituto Fisica Applicata «NelloCarrara»-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFAC-CNR) of Florence. The goal of the project is the developmentof a prototype for real-time imaging of the ionosphere over the Italian region with extension to the MediterraneanSea. MIRTO uses an original imaging technique developed at the University of Bath and upgraded forreal-time use in cooperation with IFAC. The prototype makes use of the data acquired by the real-time ionosphericand geodetic instrumentation operated by INGV. Such measurements drive the imaging algorithm to producethe image of electron density as well as maps and movies of the Total Electron Content (TEC) over the consideredarea. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3515 Titolo: Rapid neuronet inversion of 2D magnetotelluric data for monitoring of geoelectrical section parameters<br/><br/>Autori: Shimelevich, M. I.; Moscow State Geoprospecting University, Moscow, Russia; Obornev, M. A.; Moscow State Geoprospecting University, Moscow, Russia; Gavryushov, S.; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, Russia<br/><br/>Abstract: The inverse MagnetoTelluric (MT) operator is approximated by means of the Neural Network (NN). Themethodology of the NN interpretation in classes of the geoelectrical sections described by the hundreds of parametersis proposed. Error of the NN inversion and field misfit are evaluated. A rapid NN algorithm solving theinverse problem and detecting changes of time-dependent dynamic parameters of the section is applied to 2Dsynthetic data. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/3509 Titolo: Stochastic interpretation of magnetotelluric data, comparison of methods<br/><br/>Autori: Cerv, V.; Geophysical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Menvielle, M.; Centre d’Études des Environnements Terrestre et Planétaire, Saint Maur des Fosses Cedex, France; Pek, J.; Geophysical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 4, Czech Republic<br/><br/>Abstract: Global optimization and stochastic approaches to the interpretation of measured data have recently gained particularattraction as tools for directed search for and/or verification of characteristic structural details and quantitativeparameters of the deep structure, which is a task often arising when interpreting geoelectrical inductiondata in seismoactive and volcanic areas. We present a comparison of three common global optimization and stochasticapproaches to the solution of a magnetotelluric inverse problem for thick layer structures, specifically thecontrolled random search algorithm, the stochastic sampling by the Monte Carlo method with Markov chainsand its newly suggested approximate, but largely accelerated, version, the neighbourhood algorithm. We test thealgorithms on a notoriously difficult synthetic 5-layer structure with two conductors situated at different depths,as well as on the experimental COPROD1 data set standardly used to benchmark 1D magnetotelluric inversioncodes. The controlled random search algorithm is a fast and reliable global minimization procedure if a relativelysmall number of parameters is involved and a search for a single target minimum is the main objective of theinversion. By repeated runs with different starting test model pools, a sufficiently exhaustive mapping of the parameterspace can be accomplished. The Markov chain Monte Carlo gives the most complete information for theparameter estimation and their uncertainty assessment by providing samples from the posterior probability distributionof the model parameters conditioned on the experimental data. Though computationally intensive, thismethod shows good performance provided the model parameters are sufficiently decorrelated. For layered modelswith mixed resistivities and layer thicknesses, where strong correlations occur and even different model classesmay conform to the target function, the method often converges poorly and even very long chains do not guaranteefair distributions of the model parameters according to their probability densities. The neighbourhood resamplingprocedure attempts to accelerate the Monte Carlo simulation by approximating the computationally expensivetrue target function by a simpler, piecewise constant interpolant on a Voronoi mesh constructed over aset of pre-generated models. The method performs relatively fast but seems to suggest systematically larger uncertaintiesfor the model parameters. The results of the stochastic simulations are compared with the standardlinearized solutions both for thick layer models and for smooth Occam solutions. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/2183 Titolo: GPS positioning errors during the space weather event of October 2003<br/><br/>Autori: Alfonsi, Lu.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Rome (Italy); De Franceschi, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Rome (Italy); Romano, V.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Rome (Italy); Aquino, M.; Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy (IESSG), The University of Nottingham; Dodson, A.; Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy (IESSG), The University of Nottingham<br/><br/>Abstract: Due to the configuration of the Earth’s magnetic field and its reconnection with the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), the high latitudes ionosphere is directly connected with outer space and, consequently, highly sensitive to the enhancement of the electromagnetic radiation and energetic particles coming from the Sun. Under such conditions the ionosphere may show the presence of small-scale structures or irregularities imbedded in the large-scale ambient plasma. These irregularities can produce short term phase and amplitude fluctuations in the carrier frequency of the radio waves which pass through them, commonly called ionospheric phase and amplitude scintillations. Since September 2003 a GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor (GISTM) receiver has been deployed at the Italian Arctic station “Dirigibile Italia” in Ny Alesund (79.9° N, 11.9° E, Svalbard, Norway), in the frame of the ISACCO (Ionospheric Scintillations Arctic Campaign Coordinated Observation) project. The receiver computes and records GPS phase and amplitude scintillation parameters, as well as TEC (Total Electron Content). The measurements made by ISACCO during the superstorm of October 2003 have been here used to assess the positioning errors affecting GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems, such as GPS and the European Galileo) users and their correlation with the occurrence of observed levels of scintillation.