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Nonell, A.
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Nonell, A.
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- PublicationRestrictedA new method for sampling fumarolic gases: analysis of major, minor and metallic trace elements with ammonia solutions(2006)
; ; ; ; ; ; ;Sortino, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Nonell, A.; Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie, France ;Toutain, J. P.; Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie, France ;Munoz, M.; Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie, France ;Valladon, M.; Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transferts en Géologie, France ;Volpicelli, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; ; ; A new method using ammonia solutions in pre-evacuated quartz bottles has been experimented for volcanic gas sampling and analysing. Various tests (reproducibility, variability and comparison with known methods such as NaOH pre-evacuated bottles and acid condensates) have been performed to check for their efficiency. By using ammonia solutions, acid gases (St, HCl, HF), carbon dioxide, noncondensible gases (N2, Ar, …) and metallic trace elements (MTE) can be measured with standard methods (HPLC, GC, titrimetry, ICP-MS). Results showthat acid gases, CO2 and noncondensible gases are sampled and analysedwith similar efficiency inNH4OHbottles than by using the known and accurate NaOH method.Moreover, a key point is that NH4OH solutions, after undergoing adequate processing (oxidation and acidification) allow also precise MTE measurements by using standard ICP-MS methods. Such MTE measurements appear much more reliable than those performed on acid condensates. Pre-evacuated ammonia bottles appear therefore as an optimum tool to collect volcanic gases and to obtain their complete chemical composition.258 34 - PublicationRestrictedA new collector for sampling volcanic aerosols(2003)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Toutain, J. P.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Sortino, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Reynier, B.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Dupre, B.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Munoz, M.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Nonell, A.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Polve, M.; Observatoire Midi-Pyre¤ne¤es, LMTG, Ge¤ochimie des Interactions Crustales, 38 rue des 36 Ponts, F-31400 Toulouse, France ;Chancha Do Vale, S.; Laboratoire de Geologie, Ecole Normale Superieure, F-75000 Paris, France; ; ; ; ; ; ; A new apparatus, Venturi Effect System (VES), designed for sampling volcanic plumes is described and tested at Vulcano (Italy). This device, together with purified basic NH4OH solutions, supplies optimal conditions to obtain reliable Stotal/Cl/F ratios and enrichment factors for metallic trace elements (MTE). Good concordance for acid gas ratios and metal enrichment factors in both the gas phase and the related plume allows the procedure to be validated. The VES appears in Vulcano conditions as a simple, robust and easily portable apparatus that allows reliable collection of both acid gases and MTE within a single sample and the analysis with current chemical methods (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. This apparatus may be suitable for more difficult volcanoes where only the plume can be sampled.388 76