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Carapezza, Maria Luisa
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Carapezza, Maria Luisa
Email
marialuisa.carapezza@ingv.it
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staff
ORCID
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6602186653
88 results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 88
- PublicationOpen AccessEducational Activity At Ingv Centres To Mitigate Risk Of Vulcano And Stromboli Active Volcanoes (Aeolian Islands, Italy)(2007-11-19)
; ; ; ;Carapezza, M. L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Piccione, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione AC, Roma, Italia ;Pruiti, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Catania, Catania, Italia; ; Vulcano and Stromboli are the most active volcanoes of the Aeolian Islands. Vulcano is in a quiescent stage since the eruption of 1888-90, but in the last decades it underwent several crises with huge increase in the gas output and temperature of crater fumaroles, and in the magmatic gas components. Stromboli is characterized by a permanent mild explosive activity, episodically interrupted by major explosions, lava effusions, or paroxystic explosive events (October 2001: a tourist killed; December 2002: lava effusion, tsunami generated by flank collapse; April 2003: explosive paroxysm, block fallout on Ginostra village; February-March 2007: lava effusion and paroxysm). Both island are renowned tourist sites and during summer risk increases as there are 10,000-15,000 persons per island (only a few hundreds in winter). In order to reduce the risk by educational activity, a Volcanological Information Centre has been established on each island (since 1990 at Vulcano and 1997 at Stromboli), by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) in cooperation with National Civil Protection and local authorities. Visitors receive informations on volcanic hazards, volcano monitoring systems and preparedness plans. Past and current volcanic activity is illustrated in the exhibition rooms, where real-time images of the active craters of Stromboli, Vulcano and Etna can be observed, together with seismic and geochemical signals, on dedicated monitors. A special attention is given to provide instructions minimizing the risk for those willing to climb the summit crater area. Booklets and posters are distributed freely. During summer, volcanology students of several Italian universities, coordinated by senior researchers, are involved in the tourist educational/information activity in the visitor centres.263 184 - ProductOpen Access
111 51 - PublicationOpen AccessIsola di Vulcano - Carta dei sentieri(2006-07)
; ; ; ;Carapezza, Maria Luisa; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Rosi, Mauro; Università di Pisa ;Scalzo, Antonella; Dipartimento Protezione Civile; ; La carta rappresenta una semplice guida alla visita dei luoghi più interessanti dal punto di vista paesaggistico e vulcanologico e fornisce anche informazioni utili sulle norme di comportamento da tenere per evitare eventuali pericoli. La visita è organizzata su due itinerari diretti rispettivamente al cratere della Fossa (percorso A) e ai coni di Vulcanello (percorso B). Lungo gli itinerari sono indicate delle fermate (stop) in punti dove possono essere fatte osservazioni interessanti della geologia locale o che offrono panorami di ampia prospettiva.67 23 - PublicationOpen AccessDiffuse degassing of carbon dioxide on the NW sector of Colli Albani volcanic complex (Rome, Italy)(2007-07-31)
; ; ; ;Carapezza, M. L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Roscioni, F. R.; Università Roma Tre, DSG ;Tarchini, L.; Università Roma Tre, DSG; ; ; ; ; ;Bullen, T.; US Geological Survey ;Wang, Y.; China University of Geosciences; Systematic CO2 soil flux surveys at Cava dei Selci on the Colli Albani volcano (28 seasonal surveys since the year 2000) have shown a significant variation of diffuse CO2 release, with a marked decrease, from 25 to 4 tonnes/day, from May 2000 to August 2004, followed by a new increase. Over the same period, CO2 flux halved at S. Maria delle Mole (16.8 tonnes/day in 2000 and 8.3 tonnes/day in 2006). Also the quantity of CO2 dissolved in the deep waters of the Albano crater lake decreased by one order of magnitude in the period 1997-2006. The high CO2 flux values in 2000 could represent the “tail” of a strong degassing episode recorded at Colli Albani in 1995 and related to local earthquakes. The following decrease of CO2 flux could reflect a permeability decrease caused by hydrothermal calcite precipitation favored by PCO2 reduction in the deep source341 402 - PublicationOpen AccessEnvironmental pre-exploitation monitoring of Torre Alfina geothermal system (Central Italy)(2015-06)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Carapezza, M. L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Gattuso, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Pagliuca, N. M.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Ranaldi, M.; University of Rome Tre, Dept. Sciences, Rome, Italy ;Sortino, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Tarchini, L.; University of Rome Tre, Dept. Sciences, Rome, Italy ;Zanolin, F.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Badiali, L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Console, R.; CGIAM, Potenza, Italy. ;Frepoli, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Lisi, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Marchetti, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione CNT, Roma, Italia ;Mele, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; An interesting project of geothermal pilot plant, with no-gas emission in atmosphere, has been submitted for approval in the medium-enthalpy geothermal field of Torre Alfina. This prompted us to develop a geochemical and geophysical monitoring of the area with the aim of establishing a background information to reco-gnize anomalous gas emission, induced seismicity and subsidence, possibly related to the field exploitation. The exploration conducted by Enel in the years ‘70 - '80, including the drilling of 9 deep wells, has shown the existence of a medium-enthalpy geothermal field in the Torre Alfina zone, in central Italy. The area has been affected by a very complex geological evolution during the Neogene. It was affected by the Quaternary volcanism of the Tyrrhenian margin which, reached its climax between 0.6 and 0.3 Ma. The present stress field around Quaternary volcanoes of central Italy has a NE to ENE direction of extension, in agreement with the alignment of Quaternary volcanoes and earthquake fault plane solutions, with T axes preferentially oriented between NE and ENE.335 238 - ProductOpen Access
83 52 - PublicationRestrictedGeochemical monitoring of the 2002–2003 eruption at Stromboli volcano (Italy): precursory changes in the carbon and helium isotopic composition of fumarole gases and thermal waters(2005)
; ; ; ; ; ;Capasso, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Carapezza, M. L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Federico, C.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Inguaggiato, S.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia ;Rizzo, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Palermo, Palermo, Italia; ; ; ; Significant changes in the helium and carbon isotopic composition of shallow thermal waters vs. gas and a crater fumarolic gas have been recorded at Stromboli prior and during the 2002–2003 eruption. The 3He/4He ratios corrected for air contamination (Rc/Ra), and δ13C of fumarolic gases gradually increased from May to November 2002 before the eruption onset. These variations imply early degassing of a gas-rich magma at depth that likely fed both the intense Strombolian activity and small lava overflows recorded during that period. The lava effusion of late December 2002 was shortly preceded by a marked Rc/Ra decrease both in water and fumarolic gases. Comparison of He/CO2 and CH4/CO2 ratios in dissolved gas and with δ13CCO2 values rules out the Rc/Ra decrease due to an increasing input of radiogenic 4He. The Rc/Ra decrease is attributed to the He isotope fractionation during rapid magma ascent and degassing. A new uprising of 3He-rich magma probably occurred in January to February 2003, when Rc/Ra ratios displayed the highest values in dissolved gases ever measured before (4.56 Rc/Ra). The increase in He/CO2 and CH4/CO2 ratios and decrease in δ13C of dissolved CO2 was recorded after the 5 April 2003 explosive paroxysm, likely caused by enhanced gas-water interaction inducing CO2 dissolution. No anomalous Rc/Ra values were recorded in the same period, when usual Strombolian activity gradually resumed.252 93 - PublicationOpen AccessSoil CO2 flux surveys and geostatistical results from 2000 to 2020 (Cava dei Selci, Colli Albani volcano, Italy)(2021)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; Original datasets and Geostatistical results of soil CO2 flux surveys over the fixed grid of Cava dei Selci (Colli Albani volcano, Italy) for monitoring purposes. Data numbers are entered in Italian format. i. e. Comma for decimals79 23 - PublicationRestrictedHelium and CO2 soil gas emission from Santorini (Greece).Soil gas investigation is a useful tool to detect active faults. The sudden appearance of soil gas anomalies in zones of deep-reaching faults represents a promising potential precursor of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In volcanic areas the development of soil gas monitoring techniques is particularly important, as they can represent, together with remote sensing techniques, the only geochemical methods that can be safely applied during volcanic unrest, when it becomes impossible or too dangerous to sample crater fumaroles. A soil gas survey was carried out in June 1993 at the main island of Thera, in the Santorini volcanic complex. CO2 flux and CO2 and helium concentrations were measured at 50 cm depth for 76 points covering the entire island, with a spacing of 500 m or less. Several anomalous soil degassing sites have been detected. The main anomalies correspond to the Kolumbos line and to the Kameni line, two volcano-tectonic fault systems that controlled all the historic volcanic activity of Santorini. A third anomaly is related to a gas-leaking fault cutting the geothermal field of southern Thera. Soil gas data, together with geovolcanological and seismological evidence, indicate that the Kolumbos and Kameni lines are the most probable sites for future volcanic or seismic reactivation, and provide the basis for the establishment of a new geochemical monitoring technique at Thera.
87 4 - PublicationOpen AccessDiffuse CO2 soil degassing and CO2 and H2S air concentration and related hazard at Vulcano Island (Aeolian arc, Italy).(2011)
; ; ; ; ; ;Carapezza, M. L.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Barberi, F.; Univ. Roma Tre ;Ranaldi, M.; Univ. Roma Tre ;Ricci, T.; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Roma1, Roma, Italia ;Tarchini, L.; Univ. Roma Tre; ; ; ; La Fossa crater on Vulcano Island is quiescent since 1890. Periodically it undergoes “crises” characterized by marked increase of temperature (T), gas output and concentration of magmatic components in the crater fumaroles (T may exceed 600 °C). During these crises, which so far did not lead to any eruptive reactivation, the diffuse CO2 soil degassing also increases and in December 2005 an anomalous CO2 flux of 1350 tons/day was estimated by 1588 measurements over a surface of 1.66 km2 extending from La Fossa crater to the inhabited zone of Vulcano Porto. The crater area and two other anomalously degassing sites (Levante Beach and Palizzi) have been periodically investigated from December 2004 to August 2010 for diffuse CO2 soil flux. They show a marked variation with time of the degassing rate, with synchronous maxima in December 2005. Carbon dioxide soil flux and environmental parameters have been also continuously monitored for over one year by an automatic station at Vulcano Porto. In order to assess the hazard of the endogenous gas emissions, CO2 and H2S air concentrations have been measured by Tunable Diode Laser profiles near the fumaroles of the crater rim and of the Levante Beach area, where also the viscous gas flux has been estimated. In addition, CO2 air concentration has been measured both indoor and outdoor in an inhabited sector of Vulcano Porto. Results show that in some sites usually frequented by tourists there is a dangerous H2S air concentration and CO2 exceeds the hazardous thresholds in some Vulcano houses. These zones should be immediately monitored for gas hazard should a new crisis arise.286 442